词条 | 457th Airlift Squadron |
释义 |
|unit_name= 457th Airlift Squadron | image= 457th Airlift Squadron - Emblem.png | image_size = 250 |caption= Emblem of the 457th Airlift Squadron |dates= 1 July 1942 – 27 December 1945 27 June 1949 – 16 June 1951 12 October 1966 – 30 April 1972 1 April 1975 – present |country= United States |allegiance= |branch=United States Air Force |type= Airlift |role= |size= |command_structure= Air Mobility Command 18th Air Force 375th Air Mobility Wing 375th Operations Group |current_commander= |garrison= Andrews Air Force Base |ceremonial_chief= |colonel_of_the_regiment= |nickname= |patron= |motto= The Wings of Command |colors= |march= |mascot= |battles= |notable_commanders= |anniversaries= |decorations= Distinguished Unit Citation Presidential Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm |battle_honours= }} The 457th Airlift Squadron (457 AS) is part of the 375th Air Mobility Wing and is stationed at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. It operates C-21 aircraft providing executive airlift. HistoryEstablished in mid-1942 under II Bomber Command as a B-17 Flying Fortress Replacement Training Unit (RTU). Operated until March 1944 with the end of Heavy Bomber training. B-29 Superfortress operations against JapanRe-designated on 1 April 1944 as a B-29 Superfortress Very Heavy bombardment squadron. When training was completed moved to North Field Guam in the Mariana Islands of the Central Pacific Area in January 1945 and assigned to XXI Bomber Command, Twentieth Air Force. Its mission was the strategic bombardment of the Japanese Home Islands and the destruction of its war-making capability. Flew "shakedown" missions against Japanese targets on Moen Island, Truk, and other points in the Carolines and Marianas. The squadron began combat missions over Japan on 25 February 1945 with a firebombing mission over Northeast Tokyo. The squadron continued to participate in wide area firebombing attack, but the first ten-day blitz resulting in the Army Air Forces running out of incendiary bombs. Until then the squadron flew conventional strategic bombing missions using high explosive bombs. The squadron continued attacking urban areas with incendiary raids until the end of the war in August 1945, attacking major Japanese cities, causing massive destruction of urbanized areas. Also conducted raids against strategic objectives, bombing aircraft factories, chemical plants, oil refineries, and other targets in Japan. The squadron flew its last combat missions on 14 August when hostilities ended. Afterwards, its B 29s carried relief supplies to Allied prisoner of war camps in Japan and Manchuria. Squadron remained in Western Pacific, although largely demobilized in the fall of 1945. Some aircraft scrapped on Tinian; others flown to storage depots in the United States. Inactivated as part of Army Service forces at the end of 1945. United States Air ForceReactivated as a reserve B-29 squadron at March AFB, California in 1949. Squadron personnel were activated for Korean War service on 1 May 1951 and reassigned to active duty units and deployed to Far East Air Forces. Inactivated as a paper unit in June 1951. Reactivated as a C-46 Commando Troop Carrier Squadron in June 1952, but unclear whether manned or equipped. Inactivated in July 1952. Reactivated during the Vietnam War at Cam Ranh Air Base, South Vietnam in 1966. Provided intratheater airlift in Vietnam, including airland and airdrop assault missions from, 1966–1972, being inactivated as part of the drawdown of United States forces and the closure of Cam Ranh AB. The squadron conducted pilot readiness training from, 1975–1984 and administrative airlift from, 1975–1993. It supported intratheater airlift in Southwest Asia, August 1990 – April 1991. It has provided airlift support for high-ranking dignitaries of the US and foreign governments since 1993. Operations and Decorations
Lineage
Activated on 6 July 1942 Inactivated on 1 April 1944
Inactivated on 27 December 1945
Ordered to active duty on 1 May 1951 Inactivated on 16 June 1951
Activated in the reserve on 14 June 1952 Inactivated on 14 July 1952.
Inactivated on 30 April 1972
Redesignated 457th Airlift Squadron on 1 December 1991. Assignments
Bases stationed{{col-begin}}{{col-break|width=50%}}
Detachment at Don Muang Airport, Thailand
Aircraft operated{{col-begin}}{{col-break|width=50%}}
Operations
References{{Portal|United States Air Force|Military of the United States|World War II}}{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
External links{{USAF Air Mobility Command}}{{US Air Force navbox}}{{USAAF 20th Air Force World War II}} 2 : Military units and formations in Maryland|Airlift squadrons of the United States Air Force |
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