词条 | 45th Operations Group |
释义 |
|unit_name= 45th Operations Group |image=Cassini-Huygens launch.jpg |image_size = 200 |caption=Cassini–Huygens spacecraft launch, 15 October 1997 |dates= 1941-1942, 1991-present |country= United States |branch= United States Air Force |type= |role= |size= |command_structure=Air Force Space Command |current_commander=Col Thomas Falzarano[1]{{As of|2014|7|15}} |garrison=Cape Canaveral Air Force Station |nickname= |motto=Ad Astra Latin To the Stars (1942) |colors= |march= |mascot= |battles= |notable_commanders= |anniversaries= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label=Patch with 45th Operations Group emblem (Approved 19 July 1967 for Air Force Eastern Test Range)[2] |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label=45th Bombardment Group emblem (Approved 6 January 1942)[3][4] }} The 45th Operations Group is a United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 45th Space Wing, stationed at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. Up until 2003, the 45th Operations Group was responsible for program management and operation of up to five squadrons which perform all Eastern Range launch operations including Delta II, Delta III, Atlas II, Atlas III, Titan IV, Space Shuttle, Pegasus, and Athena space launch vehicles.{{Citation needed|date=April 2016}} The Operations Group provides support to Naval Ordnance Test Unit operations. In support of space launch operations, the Operations Group coordinates training for the wing, manages all wing spacecraft services systems and facilities, and manages the Patrick AFB air traffic complex, handling more than 24,000 aircraft operations annually. Components
HistoryWorld War IIThe group was organized at Army Air Base, Savannah, Georgia in January 1941 as the 45th Bombardment Group and equipped with Douglas A-20 Havocs (along with a few DB-7s, an export version of the A-20).[6] Its original assigned squadrons were the 78th, 79th and 80th Bombardment Squadrons. The 17th Reconnaissance Squadron was attached to the group. In June the group moved to Army Air Base, Manchester, New Hampshire, where the 17th Reconnaissance Squadron was assigned to the group as the 92d Bombardment Squadron.[3][7][8][9][10] Following the attack on Pearl Harbor the squadron began flying antisubmarine patrols off the Atlantic coast. In 1942, it converted to various medium bombers, primarily the Douglas B-18 Bolo, which was equipped with radar for the antisubmarine mission. The group moved to Dover Army Air Field, Delaware in May 1942 and to Miami Army Air Field, Florida in August. Its squadrons were dispersed to various bases along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts[3][7][8][9][10] In October 1942, the Army Air Forces organized its antisubmarine forces into the single Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command, which established the 26th Antisubmarine Wing the following month to control its forces operating over the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.[11][12] The command's bombardment group headquarters, including the 45th, were inactivated and the squadrons, now designated the 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th Antisubmarine Squadrons, were assigned directly to the 26th Wing.[3][7][8][9][10] Space operationsSee 45th Space Wing and 45th Launch Group for related lineage and history information Reactivated as the 45th Operations Group in November 1991 under Air Force Space Command. Operated "Down-Range" facilities at Antigua, Ascension Island, and Cape Canaveral, Florida; launched DOD payloads into orbit; and collected flight data for evaluation of ballistic missile systems launched from Eastern Launch sites for DOD, NASA, and commercial customers. Provided support for DOD, NASA, and commercial manned and unmanned space programs. There were several organizational changes in the wing in 1997 and 1998. Detachments 1 and 2 of the 45th Operations Group were inactivated on Antigua and Ascension on 1 June 1997, but they were replaced by Detachments 1 and 2 of the 45th Logistics Group on the same day. The 5th Space Launch Squadron was inactivated at Cape Canaveral Air Station on 29 June 1998, and its resources were absorbed by the 3rd Space Launch Squadron. Launch operations were reassigned to the 45th Launch Group on 1 December 2003. Lineage
Activated on 15 January 1941 Redesignated 45th Bombardment Group (Medium) in December 1941 Inactivated on 8 December 1942
Activated on 12 November 1991[13] Assignments
Squadrons
Stations
Commanders{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
References{{Portal|United States Air Force|Military of the United States|World War II}}Notes
1. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.patrick.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123417749 |last1=|first1=|title=45th OG change of command |date=15 July 2014|publisher=45th Space Wing Public Affairs|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060657/http://www.patrick.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123417749 |archivedate=4 March 2016 |accessdate=21 December 2016}} 2. ^Currently the emblem for the 45th Space Wing. The group uses the wing emblem with the group designation on the scroll. Robertson, Factsheet 45 Space Wing (AFSPC). 3. ^1 2 3 Maurer, Combat Units, p. 103 4. ^Heraldry: Azure, three aerial bombs or, a chief potentee of the last. Motto: De Astra Latin From the Stars. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.patrick.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123453252 |last1=Wallace |first1=1 Lt Alicia |title=45th SW says Farewell to Antigua Air Station |date=13 July 2015 |publisher=45th Space Wing Public Affairs |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150713233112/http://www.patrick.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123453252 |archivedate=13 July 2015 |accessdate=21 December 2016}} 6. ^The United States impounded 356 DB-7s ordered for France or Great Britain {{cite web |url= http://www.joebaugher.com/usattack/a20_6.html |last1=Baugher|first1=Joseph|title=Douglas DB-73|date=27 October 2001|publisher=Joe Baugher|deadurl=no |accessdate=1 November 2018}} 7. ^1 2 Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 781-782 8. ^1 2 Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 776 9. ^1 2 Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 775 10. ^1 2 Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 789-790 11. ^Maurer, Combat Units, p. 437 12. ^Maurer, Combat Units, p. 389 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 {{cite web |url= http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9693|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150929005519/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=9693 |archive-date= 29 September 2015 |last1=Robertson|first1=Patsy|title=Factsheet 45 Operations Group (AFSPC)|date=9 September 2008|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|deadurl=no |accessdate=21 December 2016}} 14. ^Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 789 15. ^Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 120 16. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.patrick.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123312528 |last1=|first1=|title=Col. Doug Schiess Assumes Command of 45th Operations Group|date=2 August 2012|publisher=45th Space Wing Public Affairs|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150722014349/http://www.patrick.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123312528 |archivedate=22 July 2015 |accessdate=21 December 2016}}
Bibliography{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
External links
1 : Operations groups of the United States Air Force |
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