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词条 86th Street (Second Avenue Subway)
释义

  1. History

      Background    Unrealized proposals    Construction  

  2. Station layout

     Artwork  Exits and ancillary buildings 

  3. Effects

  4. Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center

  5. References

  6. External links

{{other uses|86th Street (disambiguation){{!}}86th Street}}{{good article}}{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2017}}{{Short description|New York City Subway station in Manhattan}}{{Infobox NYCS
| name = 86 Street
| accessible = yes
| image = 86th Street Second Av. Subway Station Unveiled (31863534822).jpg
| image_caption = Platform level, with two specially designed R160 Q trains
| address = 86th Street & Second Avenue
New York, NY 10028
| borough = Manhattan
| locale = Upper East Side, Yorkville
| coordinates = {{coord|40|46|40.3|N|73|57|6.3|W|display=inline,title}}
| lat_dir=N
| lon_dir=W
| bg_color = #FF6E1A
| division = IND
| line = IND Second Avenue Line
| service = Second
| service_header = Second header
| connection = {{bus icon}} NYCT Bus: {{NYC bus link|M15|M15 SBS|M86 SBS}}[1]
{{Ferry icon}} NYC Ferry: Soundview route (at East 90th Street and East End Avenue)
| platforms = 1 island platform
| tracks = 2
| structure = Underground
| open_date = {{start date and age|2017|01|01}}[2][3]
| code = 476
| wifi = yes
| passengers = 7,693,260[1]
| pass_year = 2017
| pass_percent =
| rank = 49
| next_north_acc = {{NYCS next | station=96th Street | line=Second Avenue Subway | service=Second northbound}}
| next_south_acc = {{NYCS next | station=72nd Street | line=Second Avenue Subway | service=Second southbound}}
| legend = {{NYCS infobox legend|alltimes}}{{NYCS infobox legend|limitedrush}}{{NYCS infobox legend|limitedrushpeak}}
}}

86th Street is a station on the first phase of the Second Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Second Avenue and 86th Street on the Upper East Side, it opened on January 1, 2017. The station is served by the Q train at all times, limited rush hour N trains, and one A.M. rush hour R train in the northbound direction only. There are two tracks and an island platform.

The station was part of the original Second Avenue Subway as outlined in the Program for Action in 1968. Construction on that project started in 1972, but stalled in 1975 due to lack of funding. In 2007, a separate measure authorized a first phase of the Second Avenue Line to be built between 65th and 105th Streets, with stations at 72nd, 86th, and 96th Streets. The station opened on January 1, 2017, as an intermediate station along Phase 1. Since opening, the presence of the Second Avenue Subway's three Phase 1 stations has improved real estate prices along the corridor. The 86th Street station was used by approximately 7.69 million passengers in 2017.

The station, along with the other Phase 1 stations along the Second Avenue Subway, contains features not found in most New York City Subway stations. It is fully compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, containing two elevators for disabled access. Additionally, the station contains air conditioning and is waterproofed, a feature only found in newer stations. The artwork at 86th Street is Subway Portraits, a selection of twelve face portraits by painter Chuck Close.

History

Background

The Second Avenue Line was originally proposed in 1919 as part of a massive expansion of what would become the Independent Subway System (IND).[2][3]{{rp|203}} Work on the line never commenced, as the Great Depression crushed the economy.[4] Numerous plans for the Second Avenue Subway appeared throughout the 20th century, but these were usually deferred due to lack of funds. In anticipation of the never-built new subway line, the Second and Third Avenue elevated lines were demolished in 1942 and 1955, respectively.[5][6] The Second Avenue Elevated had one station at 86th Street and Second Avenue—right above the same intersection where the under-construction subway station is located[7]—while the Third Avenue Elevated had two stops on nearby Third Avenue at 84th Street and 89th Street.[8]

Unrealized proposals

As part of the New York City Transit Authority's 1968 Program for Action, the construction of the full-length Second Avenue Subway was proposed. It was to be built in two phases—the first phase from 126th to 34th Streets, the second phase from 34th to Whitehall Streets. This ultimately went unbuilt because of the New York City fiscal crisis of 1975.[9][10]

In 1999, the Regional Plan Association considered a full-length Second Avenue Subway, which include 86th Street as one of its planned 31 stations. The main station entrance would be at 86th Street to the north, with additional exits between 86th and 82nd Streets to the south.[11]

Construction

In March 2007, the Second Avenue Subway was revived.[15][12][13] The line's first phase, the "first major expansion" to the New York City Subway in more than a half-century,[14] included three stations in total (at 72nd, 86th, and 96th Streets), which collectively cost $4.45 to $4.5 billion.[15][16] Its construction site was designated as being from 105th Street and Second Avenue to 63rd Street and Third Avenue.[17] The MTA awarded a $337 million contract—one that included constructing the tunnels between 92nd and 63rd Streets, building a launch box for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) at 92nd to 95th Streets, and erecting access shafts at 69th and 72nd Streets—to Schiavone Construction, Skanska USA Civil, and J.F. Shea Construction.[18] The line's construction commenced on April 15, 2007,[15][12][19] though planning for the station was finalized in June 2007,[20] when the station entrances' locations were confirmed.[21]

On September 15, 2011, the contract for building the station was awarded to the joint venture of Skanska USA and Traylor Bros Inc.[22][23][24] {{As of|2013|1|17|df=us}}, the cavern stretching from 83rd to 87th Streets was 57% excavated.[25] By July 2013, construction of the station was 53% complete.[26] The final blast for the 86th Street station was completed for an escalator cavern on November 22, 2013. Skanska/Traylor were still installing waterproofing and steel reinforcement, as well as putting concrete around the underground cavern, entrances, and ancillaries.[27] {{As of|2014|5}}, entrances 1 and 2 were being built, and excavation was 100% complete;[34] {{as of|2014|12|lc=yes}}, the station shell was complete, bringing the total Second Avenue Subway project progress to three-fourths completion.[28][29][30]

The station was scheduled to be completed by May 16, 2016,[31] but the estimated completion date was pushed back to October 2016.[32][33] In October 2016, concerns arose that the station might not open on time because workers had only installed 10 of the station's 13 escalators.[34] However, the 86th Street station passed all required systems testing by December 18, 2016.[2] The station opened on January 1, 2017.[35][36]

Station layout

{{stack|float=right|{{NYCS 2-tracked island platform station
|1=96th Street
|l1=96 St
|2=72nd Street
|l2=72 St
|code=Second Avenue Subway
|color=Q
|textcolor=black
|deg=330
}}
}}{{NYCS Platform Layout Second Avenue Subway/86th Street}}

The 86th Street station is served by the Q train at all times, and some N trains during rush hours.[37] It has two tracks and an island platform.[38] The station is built so that it is more wide open than most other underground stations in the system;[39] its architecture, along with two other Second Avenue Subway stations, was compared to a Washington Metro station by Dr. Michael Horodniceanu, President of MTA Capital Construction.[40] The platform is 93 feet (28 m) below ground.[41] The platform for the 86th Street station, like the other Second Avenue Subway stations, is {{convert|27.8|ft|m}} wide.[42][43]

The station has air-cooling systems to make it at least {{convert|10|F-change|0}} cooler than other subway stations during the summer.[44] This requires the station to have large ventilation and ancillary buildings, rather than traditional subway grates.[45] The station is also compliant with current fire codes, whereas most existing stations are not.[46] Additionally, the station is waterproofed with concrete liners and fully drained.[47]

Artwork

In 2009, MTA Arts & Design selected Chuck Close from a pool of 300 potential artists to create the artwork for the station.[48] His work consists of a series of twelve portraits of the city's cultural figures,[49] spread over {{convert|1000|sqft|m2}} of wall.[50][51] Each {{convert|10|ft|m|adj=mid|-high}} piece is made with tiles that are painted to create a mosaic-like effect.[52] The pieces cost $1 million and were installed near the exits and in the mezzanines.[52]

Close's portraits at the station, titled "Subway Portraits," fall into two main categories.[48] The first category of portraits comprises artists whom Close is familiar with. The station contains portraits of composer Philip Glass in his youth; musician Lou Reed; photographer Cindy Sherman; painter Cecily Brown; artist Kara Walker; and painter Alex Katz.[48] The second category is composed of portraits of younger, more ethnically diverse artists including Zhang Huan, Sienna Shields and Pozsi B. Kolor.[48] In these portraits, Close aimed to highlight the cultural diversity of New York City.[48] He also has two self-portraits within the station.[48]

{{clear left}}

Exits and ancillary buildings

There are 3 entrances and exits, which comprise 10 escalators and one elevator.[53][54]

Exit location[54] Exit Type Number of exits
Entrance 1
Within building at NE corner of Second Avenue and 83rd Street[55]
Escalator 2 escalators
Entrance 2
(2 entry points)
NE corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street[55]
Escalator Each entry point has 2 escalators
Entrance 2
SE corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street[55]
Elevator {{access icon}} 1

There are also two ancillary buildings that store station equipment:[56][57]

  • Ancillary 1, NW corner of Second Avenue and 83rd Street
  • Ancillary 2, NW corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street

Originally, Entrance 2's escalator entrance was to be located inside the Yorkshire Towers apartment building at 305 East 86th Street, on the northeast corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street. In 2009, a Finding Of No Significant Impact by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) found this to be unfeasible, so the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) revised the plan to two separate sidewalk entrances in front of the building.[58]{{Rp|2}} During the planning process, it was determined that building a new entrance within the Yorkshire Towers would be too expensive and logistically unfeasible. The apartments directly above the entrance's location would have had to be structurally underpinned during construction, and the Food Emporium supermarket location would have had to close to make way for the new entrance.[58]{{Rp|4}} Of the three alternatives presented for moving the entrance, the MTA chose an alternative in which there would be two new escalator entrances on the north side of 86th Street, both flanking the semicircular driveway of Yorkshire Towers and facing away from the driveway. There was also a proposal to move the sidewalk escalator entrances to the south side of the street, as well as another proposal to build a new structure containing five elevators at the southeast corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street, in a manner similar to Entrance 3 of the adjacent 72nd Street station.[58]{{Rp|5}}

Controversy emerged over Entrance 2's location in February 2011, when a lawsuit was filed by the Yorkshire Towers over the location of Entrance 2.[59][60] The entrances, planned to service 3,600 people an hour, were alleged in the lawsuit to be destroying the quality of life for building tenants, if the entrances were to be built in the location.[59] The lawsuit was later dismissed because the suit had been filed two years after the FTA's FONSI was published, which was past the statute of limitations.[81] A new lawsuit was filed on March 15, 2013, after the MTA started construction on the entrances.[61] In June 2013, that lawsuit was also dismissed.[62]

In May 2017, all three escalators in Entrance 1 were damaged by sprinklers activated by faulty sensors, causing the entire entrance to be temporarily closed.[63]

Effects

Since 2013, construction of the station has caused the value of real estate in the area to rise.[64][65] However, construction has temporarily made the prices of real estate decrease to "affordable" levels.[66] Although the surrounding area's real estate prices had been declining since the 1990s, there had been increases in the purchases and leases of residential units around the area, causing real estate prices to rise again.[67] Some businesses near the station's construction site had also lost profits.[68] With the opening of the new station, business owners hoped to see an increase in patronage.[69][70]

{{Clear}}

Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center

{{commons category|SAS Community Center for Phase 1}}

The Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center, which gives information about Phase I construction to community members, is located nearby, at 1628 Second Avenue between 84th and 85th Streets.[71] It opened on July 25, 2013.[72][73][74] On May 23, 2014, a new exhibit about the construction techniques used to build the Second Avenue Subway, titled "En Route: The Techniques and Technologies Used to Build the Second Avenue Subway", was launched at the center.[75][76] In addition, a train simulator allows visitors to simulate the operation of a Second Avenue Subway train.[77] Throughout the process of construction, the MTA also gave intermittent tours of the construction site to Upper East Side residents with reservations.[78] The center received over 20,000 visitors in three years.[79]

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References

1. ^{{NYCS const|riderref}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/Second_Avenue_Subway:_The_Line_That_Almost_Never_Was|title=www.nycsubway.org: Second Avenue Subway: The Line That Almost Never Was|year=1972|publisher=nycsubway.org|accessdate=September 30, 2015}}
3. ^{{Cite Routes Not Taken}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://nycsubway.org/wiki/IND_Second_System_-_1929_Plan|title=IND Second System 1929 Plan|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=nycsubway.org|access-date=|accessdate=March 25, 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://mta.info/planning/sas/sas_history_1.htm|title=Second Avenue Subway Project – History|date=October 19, 2002|access-date=February 15, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021019053707/http://mta.info/planning/sas/sas_history_1.htm|archivedate=October 19, 2002}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1955/05/13/80773167.pdf|title=Last Train Rumbles On Third Ave. 'El'; An Era Ends With Final Run of Third Avenue 'El' LAST TRAIN ROLLS ON THIRD AVE. 'EL'|access-date=August 23, 2016}}
7. ^See*{{cite web |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/lines/2ndave-el.html |title=2nd Avenue El |work=nycsubway.org |accessdate=January 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090127041414/http://nycsubway.org/lines/2ndave-el.html |archivedate=January 27, 2009 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }} *{{cite web |url=http://stationreporter.net/2avl.htm |title=Second Avenue Local |work=Station Reporter |accessdate=January 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090130064659/http://stationreporter.net/2avl.htm |archivedate=January 30, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}
8. ^See*{{cite web |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/lines/3rdave-el.html |title=3rd Avenue El |work=nycsubway.org |accessdate=January 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090127041419/http://nycsubway.org/lines/3rdave-el.html |archivedate=January 27, 2009 |deadurl=no }} *{{cite web |url=http://www.stationreporter.net/3avl.htm |title=Third Avenue Local |work=Station Reporter |accessdate=January 25, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609061601/http://www.stationreporter.net/3avl.htm |archivedate=June 9, 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}
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46. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ave-subway-line-construction-progressing-officials-article-1.1795916 | title=Second Avenue subway line construction is progressing: officials | work=NY Daily News | date=May 16, 2014 | accessdate=May 19, 2014 | author=Nolan, Caitlin}}
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49. ^{{cite web |author=Ben Yakas |url=http://gothamist.com/2014/01/22/heres_what_the_second_avenue_subway.php |title=Here's What The Second Avenue Subway Will Look Like When It's Filled With Art |publisher=Gothamist |date=January 22, 2014 |accessdate=May 5, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330041727/http://gothamist.com/2014/01/22/heres_what_the_second_avenue_subway.php |archivedate=March 30, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}
50. ^{{cite web|first=Noreen |last=Malone |date=May 14, 2012|url=http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2012/05/chuck-close-art-for-second-avenue-subway.html |title=Chuck Close Will Make the Second Avenue Subway Pretty|work=New York Magazine}}
51. ^{{cite web | url=http://untappedcities.com/2014/01/22/subway-art-on-the-future-second-avenue-subway-line-revealed-nyc/ | title=Subway Art on the Future Second Avenue Subway Line Revealed | work=Untapped Cities | date=January 22, 2014 | accessdate=May 19, 2014 | author=Mondkar, Bushan}}
52. ^{{cite web | last=Warerkar | first=Tanay | title=Chuck Close will bring mosaic portraits to the Second Avenue Subway | website=Curbed NY | date=July 7, 2016 | url=http://ny.curbed.com/2016/7/7/12120358/chuck-close-second-avenue-subway-mosaic | accessdate=December 19, 2016}}
53. ^{{Cite web|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|website=MTA.info|url=http://web.mta.info/capital/sas_pdf/SAS%2086th%20Newsletter%202012.02.pdf |title=Newsletter February 2012|date=February 2012}}
54. ^{{cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/maps/neighborhoods/mn/M16_UpperEastSide2017Q.pdf|title=MTA Neighborhood Maps: Upper East Side|last=|first=|date=2016|website=mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=December 30, 2016}}
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60. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.andersonkill.com/news_article.asp?newsid=1187 |title=Owners and Tenants of Yorkshire Towers Sue to Relocate Planned 86th Street Entrances to Second Avenue Subway |work=Anderson Kill |date=February 17, 2011 |accessdate=May 19, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519193321/http://www.andersonkill.com/news_article.asp?newsid=1187 |archivedate=May 19, 2014 |df=mdy }}
61. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/ues-residents-sue-mta-ave-subway-entrance-article-1.1298619|title=UES residents sue MTA over Second Ave Subway entrance|last=Brown|first=Stephen Rex|date=March 25, 2013|website=NY Daily News|accessdate=December 19, 2016}}
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65. ^{{cite web | url=http://therealdeal.com/issues_articles/prices-rising-at-the-end-of-the-tunnel/ | title=Upper East Side sees boost from Second Avenue subway progress | work=The Real Deal | date=March 1, 2014 | accessdate=May 13, 2014 | author=Acitelli, Tom}}
66. ^{{cite web | url=https://nypost.com/2013/10/24/makeover-time-along-the-east-river/ | title=Makeover time along the East River | work=New York Post | date=October 24, 2013 | accessdate=May 19, 2014 | author=Gross, Max}}
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75. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/mta-second-avenue-subway-launches-new-exhibit-en-route-techniques-and|title=MTA Second Avenue Subway Launches New Exhibit: En Route: The Techniques and Technologies Used to Build the Second Avenue Subway|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|date=May 23, 2014|accessdate=October 26, 2016}}
76. ^{{cite web|url=http://architizer.com/blog/670-feet-under-the-second-avenue-subway-and-5-more-mega-projects/|title=670 Feet Under: The Second Avenue Subway and 5 More Mega-Projects – Architizer|work=Architizer|accessdate=September 16, 2014}}
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78. ^{{cite web | last=Kanno-Youngs | first=Zolan | title=Sneaking a Peek at the Second Avenue Subway Line | website=WSJ | date=June 19, 2016 | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/sneaking-a-peek-at-the-second-avenue-subway-line-1466385416 | accessdate=June 20, 2016}}
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External links

{{commons category|86th Street (IND Second Avenue Line)}}
  • [https://www.google.com/maps/@40.7760938,-73.9531324,3a,41.6y,101.87h,85.31t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sTGcL9nZGCg0_eUmmShovvg!2e0!7i16384!8i8192?hl=en 83rd Street entrance from Google Maps Street View]
  • [https://www.google.com/maps/@40.7778693,-73.9516987,3a,75y,122.65h,87.29t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sPxAjvoDcWeG0QgMNiBrXlg!2e0!7i13312!8i6656?hl=en 86th Street entrance from Google Maps Street View]
  • [https://www.google.com/maps/@40.7780437,-73.9514919,3a,75y,52.22h,92.79t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1s-tXPnYPVP8HY%2FWGl93dlKFEI%2FAAAAAAAACqU%2Fz9EGRCW4vbgFs4vrluZFbUTYFgCnv8UTQCLIB!2e4!3e11!6s%2F%2Flh6.googleusercontent.com%2F-tXPnYPVP8HY%2FWGl93dlKFEI%2FAAAAAAAACqU%2Fz9EGRCW4vbgFs4vrluZFbUTYFgCnv8UTQCLIB%2Fw203-h100-k-no-pi-0-ya146.35287-ro0-fo100%2F!7i8704!8i4352 Platform from Google Maps Street View]
  • [https://www.google.com/maps/@40.7793067,-73.9551639,3a,75y,198.67h,89.3t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1s-Ees3Q8uBsGU%2FWGl9WD_JlPI%2FAAAAAAAACqk%2FjU567PNUIOM5GRkoHJk9LlHTb8NDoK-HACLIB!2e4!6s%2F%2Flh6.googleusercontent.com%2F-Ees3Q8uBsGU%2FWGl9WD_JlPI%2FAAAAAAAACqk%2FjU567PNUIOM5GRkoHJk9LlHTb8NDoK-HACLIB%2Fw203-h100-p-k-no%2F!7i8704!8i4352!4m3!8m2!3m1!1e1 Mezzanine from Google Maps Street View]
  • [https://www.flickr.com/photos/mtaphotos/collections/72157627663707214/ Second Avenue Subway 86th Street Construction Photos] – MTA's Flickr website
{{NYCS stations navbox by service|lq=yes}}{{NYCS stations navbox by line|2ave=yes}}

7 : IND Second Avenue Line stations|New York City Subway stations in Manhattan|New York City Subway stations located underground|Yorkville, Manhattan|Railway stations in the United States opened in 2017|2017 establishments in New York City|Second Avenue (Manhattan)

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