1. Development

2. Variants
    AGM-154A (baseline JSOW)  AGM-154B (anti-armor)  AGM-154C (unitary variant) 

3. Production and upgrades
    JSOW Block III (JSOW-C1)  AGM-154A-1 (JSOW-A1)  Powered JSOW (JSOW-ER) 

4. Combat history

5. Operators
    Current operators 

6. General characteristics

7. See also

8. References

9. External links

Republic of China (Taiwan) Armed Forces

The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) is the product of a joint venture between the United States Navy and Air Force to deploy a standardized medium range precision guided weapon, especially for engagement of defended targets from outside the range of standard anti-aircraft defenses, thereby increasing aircraft survivability and minimizing friendly losses.

Development

The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon or JSOW is currently in the fleet and in use by the US Navy. Foreign Military Sales (FMS) cases have been signed with Poland and Turkey for use with their F-16 fighters. Finland, Greece and Singapore are pursuing FMS cases at this time.^[1][2] The AGM-154 is intended to provide a low cost, highly lethal glide weapon with a standoff capability. The JSOW family of air-to-surface glide weapons are {{convert|1000|lb|order=flip}} class weapons that provide standoff capabilities from {{convert|15|nmi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}} low altitude launch and up to {{convert|60|nmi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}}^[3] high altitude launch. The JSOW can be used against a variety of land targets and operates from ranges outside enemy point defenses.

The JSOW is a fire-and-forget weapon that employs a tightly coupled Global Positioning System (GPS)/Inertial Navigation System (INS), and is capable of day/night and adverse weather operations. The AGM-154A (JSOW A) uses GPS/INS for terminal guidance, while the AGM-154C (JSOW C) uses an infra-red seeker for terminal guidance.

The JSOW is just over {{convert|160|in|cm|order=flip}} in length and weighs about {{convert|1000|lb|order=flip}}. The JSOW was originally to be delivered in three variants, each of which uses a common air vehicle, or truck, while substituting various payloads. The AGM-154A (JSOW-A) entered service in 1999. The US Navy and Air Force developed the AGM-154B (JSOW B) up until Multi-Service Operational Test & Evaluation (MOT&E) but the Navy decided not to procure the weapon when the Air Force left the program. The AGM-154C (JSOW BROACH) entered service in February 2005.

During the 1990s JSOW was considered to be one of the most successful development programs in DOD history.^[4] The system was introduced to operational use a year ahead of schedule. Unlike most guided weapons and aircraft, the system never had a weight management problem, and was deployed at its target weight. The system introduced a new type of fuze, but was able to obtain authority from an independent safety review in record time. Many observers credited these accomplishments to the management style chosen by the DOD and Texas Instruments. After a competitive selection, the program staff was organized into integrated product teams with members from the government, the prime Texas Instruments and subcontractors. In one case, the prime determined that the best-in-class supplier for a design service was the government, and gave part of its funding back. JSOW was recognized in 1996 with a Laurels Award from Aviation Week & Space Technology. It is notable for a guided weapon to receive this award, which is normally reserved for much larger systems. Because of this history, JSOW has been used as a case study for development programs, and for Integrated Product Teams, and is sometimes cited in academic research on program management.

Variants

AGM-154A (baseline JSOW)

The warhead of the AGM-154A consists of 145 BLU-97/B Combined Effects Bomb (CEB) submunitions. These bomblets have a shaped charge for armor defeating capability, a fragmenting case for material destruction, and a zirconium ring for incendiary effects.

AGM-154B (anti-armor)

The warhead for the AGM-154B is the BLU-108/B from the Air Force's Sensor Fuzed Weapon (SFW) program. The JSOW B was to carry six BLU-108/B submunitions. Each submunition releases four projectiles (total of 24 per weapon) that use infrared sensors to detect targets. When a submunition detects that it is aligned with a target, it fires, creating an explosively formed penetrator capable of defeating vehicle armor. This program concluded development but the Navy decided not to procure the weapon.

AGM-154C (unitary variant)

The AGM-154C uses an Imaging Infrared (IIR) terminal seeker with autonomous guidance. The AGM-154C carries the BROACH warhead. This two stage warhead is made up from a WDU-44 shaped augmenting warhead and a WDU-45 follow through bomb. The weapon is designed to attack hardened targets. It entered service with the US Navy in February 2005.

Production and upgrades

Full rate production started on December 29, 1999. In June 2000 Raytheon was contracted to develop an enhanced electronics package for the JSOW to prevent electronic spoofing of GPS signals. This ultimately resulted in the JSOW Block II weapon, incorporating multiple cost reduction initiatives in addition to the Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) capability. JSOW Block II was scheduled to begin production in March 2007.

The JSOW contains a modular control and deployment interface that allows future enhancement and additional configurations since it is likely that additional variants will emerge. The basic airframe is advertised as a "truck" and the JSOW-as-a-truck capability is widely advertised. Raytheon has placed a tremendous investment in the JSOW program and will certainly try to extend the Department of Defense contracts for as long as possible with system upgrades and repackagings for new missions and targets.

JSOW Block III (JSOW-C1)

Raytheon was as of 2005 under contract to develop the JSOW Block III, which adds a Link-16 weapon data link and moving maritime target capability to the AGM-154C. It was scheduled to be produced in 2009.^[5] The first three launches were conducted in August 2011 from an F/A-18F.^[6] The JSOW-C1 completed integrated test and evaluations in January 2015, moving on to operational tests. The C1 version is slated for delivery in 2016.^[7] It achieved Initial Operating Capability on 22 June 2016.^[8] On 11 October 2017 the Department of the Navy declared the Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) C-1 ready for full operational capability.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

AGM-154A-1 (JSOW-A1)

In addition, the AGM-154A-1 configuration is under development by Raytheon for FMS sales. This version replaces the submunition payload of the AGM-154A with a BLU-111 warhead to enhance blast-fragmentation effects without the unexploded ordnance (UXO) concerns with the BLU-97/B payload.

Powered JSOW (JSOW-ER)

A Pratt & Whitney TJ-150 turbojet engine for a powered JSOW is being tested. The powered variant name is JSOW-ER, where "ER" is for "extended range". JSOW-ER will increase range from {{convert|70|to|300|nmi|km|order=flip}}.^[9][10][11]

Combat history

The AGM-154A was the first variant to be used in combat. The AGM-154A traditionally is used for SEAD missions. Initial deployment testing occurred aboard {{USS|Nimitz|CVN-68|6}} and later aboard the USS Dwight D. Eisenhower. The first combat deployment of the JSOW occurred over southern Iraq on December 17, 1998, when launched by a single F/A-18C from the "Checkerboards" of VMFA-312, Carrier Air Wing Three embarked aboard USS Enterprise during Operation Desert Fox. The glide range of the JSOW allowed the weapon to strike a target located in the southern suburbs of Baghdad. This weapon has enjoyed success since its early use. One adverse event occurred in February 2001, when a strike of F/A-18s from the USS Harry S. Truman battle group launched a massive attack on Iraqi air-defense sites, nearly every weapon missed the target. The cause of the miss was reported as a software problem. This problem was solved soon afterward.^[12] Since 1998, at least 400 of the JSOW weapons have been used in the following conflicts: Operation Desert Fox, Operation Southern Watch, NATO Operation Allied Force, Operation Enduring Freedom, and Operation Iraqi Freedom.^[13]

Operators

Current operators

• {{flagcountry|Australia}}^[14] – AGM-154C upgraded to Block III^[15]
• {{flagcountry|Canada}}^[16]
• {{flagcountry|Finland}}^[17]
• {{flagcountry|Greece}}^[18]
• {{flagcountry|The Netherlands}}
• {{flagcountry|Poland}}
• {{ROC}}
• {{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}^[19]
• {{flagcountry|Singapore}}
• {{flagcountry|Turkey}}
• {{flagcountry|United Arab Emirates}}^[19]
• {{flagcountry|United States}}
• {{flagcountry|Taiwan}}

Side notes

1. USAF terminated production of JSOW in FY 2005, leaving the USN and USMC as the only U.S. services obtaining new JSOWs.^&91;20&93;
2. According to a test report conducted by the United States Navy's Weapon System Explosives Safety Review Board (WSESRB) established in the wake of the tragic 1967 USS Forrestal fire, the cooking off time for a JSOW is approximately 2 minutes 11 seconds.

General characteristics

• Primary Function: Air-to-surface Standoff from Point Defense (SOPD) weapon, for use against a variety of targets.
• Contractor: Raytheon Co.
• Guidance: GPS/INS (Global Position/Inertial), Terminal infrared homing Seeker (unique to 'C' model)
• Length: {{convert|160|in|cm|order=flip}}
• Diameter: box shaped {{convert|13|in|cm|order=flip}} on a side / other source 40.6 x 51.9 cm
• Weight: From {{convert|1065|to|1095|lb|order=flip}}
• Wingspan: {{convert|106|in|cm|order=flip}}
• Aircraft Compatibility:
  • Navy: F/A-18C/D, F/A-18E/F
  • Air Force: F-16 Block 40/50, B-1B, B-2A, B-52H, F-15E, F-35A
  • Other: JAS 39 Gripen
• Range:
  • Low altitude launch - {{convert|12|nmi|km|abbr=on}}
  • High altitude launch - {{convert|70|nmi|km|abbr=on}}
• Warhead(s):
  • BLU-97/B - Combined Effects Bomblets (JSOW A)
  • BLU-111/B - Unitary warhead (JSOW-A1)
  • BLU-108 - Sensor fused weapon (JSOW B - now cancelled)
  • BROACH multi-stage warhead (JSOW C)
• Unit Cost:
  • AUPP AGM-154A, $282,000. Total program cost: $3,327,000.
  • AGM-154B, $484,167. Total program cost: $2,033,500.
  • AGM-154C, $719,012. Total program cost: $5,608,000.
• Date Deployed: January 1999^[21]

See also

• Cruise missile
• AGM-158 JASSM
• Storm Shadow/SCALP EG
• Bombkapsel 90
• KEPD 350
• HOPE/HOSBO
• KGGB

References

Notes

External links

• AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon - GlobalSecurity.org
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20040603203523/http://www.raytheon.com/products/jsow/ Raytheon: Joint Stand Off Weapon]
• Raytheon (Texas Instruments) AGM-154 JSOW - Designation Systems
• Airborne Tactical and Defence Missiles

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