“9936 Al-Biruni”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

A rotational lightcurve of Al-Biruni was obtained from photometric observations made at the U.S. Goodsell Observatory ({{small|741}}), Minnesota, in August 2002. The lightcurve gave a rotation period of {{val|10.704|0.010}} hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.14 in magnitude ({{small|U=2}})^[9]

Diameter and albedo

According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Al-Biruni measures between 23.9 and 27.8 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has a corresponding albedo of 0.048 to 0.065.^[6]^[7]^[8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 22.2 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.0.^[3]

Naming

The minor planet was named after the Persian scholar and polymath Al-Biruni (973–1048). Regarded as the founder of Indology and the father of geodesy, he made important contributions to anthropology, mathematics and astronomy. In particular, he is known for developing a method for the summation of series, for solving algebraic equations, and for the triangulation of distances on Earth's surface.^[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 26 September 2007 ({{small|M.P.C. 60728}}).^[29] The lunar crater Al-Biruni is also named in his honour.

References

1. ^¹²³{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (9936) Al-Biruni |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 712 |date = 2003 |url = https://books.google.ch/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg=PA712&#v=onepage&q&f=false |isbn = 978-3-540-29925-7 |accessdate = 13 May 2016}}
2. ^¹²{{cite web |title = 9936 Al-Biruni (1986 PN4) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=9936 |accessdate = 13 May 2016}}
3. ^¹{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 13 May 2016}}
4. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (9936) Al-Biruni |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=9936%7CAl-Biruni |accessdate = 13 May 2016}}
5. ^¹²³⁴{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011PASJ...63.1117U |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |access-date= 13 May 2016}}
6. ^¹²³⁴{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 |access-date= 13 May 2016}}
7. ^¹²{{cite journal |author = Clark, Maurice |author2 = Joyce, Brian |date = December 2002 |title = Asteroid lightcurve photometry from Goodsell Observatory (741) |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2003MPBu...30....4C |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 30 |issue = 1 |pages = 4–7 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2003MPBu...30....4C |access-date= 18 December 2015}}
8. ^¹²³{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T., IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 4 December 2016}}

词条	9936 Al-Biruni
释义	Orbit and classification Lightcurve Diameter and albedo Naming References External links {{Infobox planet \| minorplanet = yes \| name = 9936 Al-Biruni \| background = #D6D6D6 \| image = AnimatedOrbitOf9936AlBiruni.gif \| image_size = 180 \| caption = {{longitem\|Orbit of Al-Biruni (blue) compared to the inner planets and Jupiter (outermost)\|style=padding: 5px 0; line-height: 1.3em}} \| discovery_ref = \| discovered = 8 August 1986 \| discoverer = E. W. Elst V. Ivanova \| discovery_site = Rozhen Obs. \| mpc_name = (9936) Al-Biruni \| alt_names = {{nowrap\|{{mp\|1986 PN\|4}}{{·}}{{mp\|1981 UV\|12}}}} \| named_after = Al-Biruni {{small\|(Persian astronomer)}}^[2] \| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small\|(outer)}} ^[3] \| orbit_ref = \| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) \| uncertainty = 0 \| observation_arc = 35.62 yr (13,009 days) \| aphelion = 3.6534 AU \| perihelion = 2.5107 AU \| semimajor = 3.0820 AU \| eccentricity = 0.1854 \| period = 5.41 yr (1,976 days) \| mean_anomaly = 279.59° \| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS\|0.1822\|sup=ms}} / day \| inclination = 15.404° \| asc_node = 310.41° \| arg_peri = 13.774° \| dimensions = 22.16 km {{small\|(calculated)}}^[3] {{val\|23.890\|0.170}}^[6] {{val\|24.187\|0.314}} km^[7] {{val\|27.81\|1.61}} km^[8] \| rotation = {{val\|10.704\|0.010}} h^[9] \| albedo = {{val\|0.048\|0.006}}^[8] 0.057 {{small\|(assumed)}}^[3] {{val\|0.0632\|0.0151}}^[7] {{val\|0.065\|0.012}}^[6] \| spectral_type = C ^[3] \| abs_magnitude = 12.1{{·}}11.7^[7]^[8]{{·}}12.0^[3] }}9936 Al-Biruni, provisional designation {{mp\|1986 PN\|4}}, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 24 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 August 1986, by Belgian and Bulgarian astronomers Eric Elst and Violeta Ivanova at the Rozhen Observatory, located in Bulgaria's Smolyan province near the border to Greece.^[19] It was named for Persian medieval scholar Al-Biruni.^[2] Orbit and classification Al-Biruni orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.5–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 5 months (1,976 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first identified as {{mp\|1981 UV\|12}} at Crimea-Nauchnij in 1981, extending the body's observation arc by 5 years prior to its official discovery at Rozhen.^[19] Lightcurve A rotational lightcurve of Al-Biruni was obtained from photometric observations made at the U.S. Goodsell Observatory ({{small\|741}}), Minnesota, in August 2002. The lightcurve gave a rotation period of {{val\|10.704\|0.010}} hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.14 in magnitude ({{small\|U=2}})^[9] Diameter and albedo According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Al-Biruni measures between 23.9 and 27.8 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has a corresponding albedo of 0.048 to 0.065.^[6]^[7]^[8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 22.2 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.0.^[3] Naming The minor planet was named after the Persian scholar and polymath Al-Biruni (973–1048). Regarded as the founder of Indology and the father of geodesy, he made important contributions to anthropology, mathematics and astronomy. In particular, he is known for developing a method for the summation of series, for solving algebraic equations, and for the triangulation of distances on Earth's surface.^[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 26 September 2007 ({{small\|M.P.C. 60728}}).^[29] The lunar crater Al-Biruni is also named in his honour. References 1. ^¹²³{{cite book \|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (9936) Al-Biruni \|last = Schmadel \| first = Lutz D. \|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg \|page = 712 \|date = 2003 \|url = https://books.google.ch/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg=PA712&#v=onepage&q&f=false \|isbn = 978-3-540-29925-7 \|accessdate = 13 May 2016}} 2. ^¹²{{cite web \|title = 9936 Al-Biruni (1986 PN4) \|work = Minor Planet Center \|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=9936 \|accessdate = 13 May 2016}} 3. ^¹{{cite web \|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive \|work = Minor Planet Center \|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html \|accessdate = 13 May 2016}} 4. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web \|title = LCDB Data for (9936) Al-Biruni \|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) \|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=9936%7CAl-Biruni \|accessdate = 13 May 2016}} 5. ^¹²³⁴{{cite journal \|display-authors = 6 \|first1 = Fumihiko \|last1 = Usui \|first2 = Daisuke \|last2 = Kuroda \|first3 = Thomas G. \|last3 = Müller \|first4 = Sunao \|last4 = Hasegawa \|first5 = Masateru \|last5 = Ishiguro \|first6 = Takafumi \|last6 = Ootsubo \|first7 = Daisuke \|last7 = Ishihara \|first8 = Hirokazu \|last8 = Kataza \|first9 = Satoshi \|last9 = Takita \|first10 = Shinki \|last10 = Oyabu \|first11 = Munetaka \|last11 = Ueno \|first12 = Hideo \|last12 = Matsuhara \|first13 = Takashi \|last13 = Onaka \|date = October 2011 \|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey \|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011PASJ...63.1117U \|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan \|volume = 63 \|issue = 5 \|pages = 1117–1138 \|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U \|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 \|access-date= 13 May 2016}} 6. ^¹²³⁴{{cite journal \|display-authors = 6 \|first1 = A. \|last1 = Mainzer \|first2 = T. \|last2 = Grav \|first3 = J. \|last3 = Masiero \|first4 = E. \|last4 = Hand \|first5 = J. \|last5 = Bauer \|first6 = D. \|last6 = Tholen \|first7 = R. S. \|last7 = McMillan \|first8 = T. \|last8 = Spahr \|first9 = R. M. \|last9 = Cutri \|first10 = E. \|last10 = Wright \|first11 = J. \|last11 = Watkins \|first12 = W. \|last12 = Mo \|first13 = C. \|last13 = Maleszewski \|date = November 2011 \|title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results \|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M \|journal = The Astrophysical Journal \|volume = 741 \|issue = 2 \|page = 25 \|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M \|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 \|arxiv = 1109.6407 \|access-date= 13 May 2016}} 7. ^¹²{{cite journal \|author = Clark, Maurice \|author2 = Joyce, Brian \|date = December 2002 \|title = Asteroid lightcurve photometry from Goodsell Observatory (741) \|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2003MPBu...30....4C \|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin \|volume = 30 \|issue = 1 \|pages = 4–7 \|issn = 1052-8091 \|bibcode = 2003MPBu...30....4C \|access-date= 18 December 2015}} 8. ^¹²³{{cite journal \|display-authors = 6 \|first1 = Joseph R. \|last1 = Masiero \|first2 = A. K. \|last2 = Mainzer \|first3 = T. \|last3 = Grav \|first4 = J. M. \|last4 = Bauer \|first5 = R. M. \|last5 = Cutri \|first6 = J. \|last6 = Dailey \|first7 = P. R. M. \|last7 = Eisenhardt \|first8 = R. S. \|last8 = McMillan \|first9 = T. B. \|last9 = Spahr \|first10 = M. F. \|last10 = Skrutskie \|first11 = D. \|last11 = Tholen \|first12 = R. G. \|last12 = Walker \|first13 = E. L. \|last13 = Wright \|first14 = E. \|last14 = DeBaun \|first15 = D. \|last15 = Elsbury \|first16 = T., IV \|last16 = Gautier \|first17 = S. \|last17 = Gomillion \|first18 = A. \|last18 = Wilkins \|date = November 2011 \|title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters \|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M \|journal = The Astrophysical Journal \|volume = 741 \|issue = 2 \|page = 20 \|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M \|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 \|arxiv = 1109.4096 \|access-date= 4 December 2016}} ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] }} External links Rozhen Observatory, Smolyan, Bulgaria Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info) [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000) – Minor Planet Center {{AstDys\|9936}} {{JPL small body}} {{Minor planets navigator \|(9935) 1986 CP1 \|number=9936 \|9937 Triceratops}}{{Small Solar System bodies}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Al-Biruni}} 6 : Background asteroids\|Discoveries by Eric Walter Elst\|Discoveries by Violeta G. Ivanova\|Minor planets named for people\|Named minor planets\|Astronomical objects discovered in 1986
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Orbit and classification

Lightcurve

Diameter and albedo

Naming

References

External links