| 词条 | Abdelmalek Droukdel |
| 释义 |
|name=Abdelmalek Droukdel |birth_date={{birth date and age|1970|4|20|df=y}} |birth_place= Meftah, Algeria |image= Abu Musab Abdel Wadoud.png |caption= |other_names = Abu Musab Abdel Wadoud |known_for = Founder and Emir of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb |module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes |allegiance = {{flagicon image|Flag of al-Qaeda.svg|size=23px}} Al-Qaeda |branch = {{flagicon image|Flag of al-Qaeda.svg|size=23px}} GSPC (1996–2006) {{flagicon image|ShababFlag.svg|size=23px}} AQIM (2007–2017) |serviceyears = |rank = Emir of AQIM |battles =War in Afghanistan Algerian Civil WarInsurgency in the Maghreb
}} }} Abdelmalek Droukdel (born 20 April 1970), also known by his nom de guerre as Abu Musab Abdel Wadoud, is the emir, or leader, of the Algerian Islamic militant group Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), formerly the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC). Early life and educationDroukdel was born in Meftah, Algeria, on 20 April 1970.[1] He earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics from the University of Blida before joining the insurgency in 1996.[2][3] Afghan War, Algerian Civil War and the GSPCDroukdel returned to Algeria after fighting in the Afghan civil war, and joined the GSPC.[4] Droukdel was a regional leader of the GSPC for several years before becoming the group's commander in 2004 following the death of then-leader Nabil Sahraoui.[5][6] His mentor was Abu Musab Al-Zarqawi.[7] After the killing of Zarqawi in 2006, Droukdel published a statement in a website and stated "O infidels and apostates, your joy will be brief and you will cry for a long time... we are all Zarqawi."[8] Droukdel is believed to have been responsible for introducing suicide bombing to Algeria.[9] Emir of AQIMUnder Droukdel's leadership the GSPC sought to develop itself from a largely domestic entity into a larger player on the international terror stage. As the new leader of the GSPC, Droukdel reorganized the group, and continued targeting civilians. He was, however, unable to quell the rumblings between factions. In September 2006, it was announced that the GSPC had joined forces with al-Qaeda and in January 2007, the group officially changed its name to the "Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb."[10] Droukdel played a significant role in this merge.[4] However, the local leaders of the organization such as Droukdel began to pursue much more independent activities and were distanced from al-Qaeda in the last quarter of 2012.[11] Droukdel ousted Mokhtar Belmokhtar from the organization in late 2012 for Belmokhtar's "fractious behaviour".[12] Journalists discovered a document attributed to Droukdel and dated 20 July 2012 in Timbuktu that criticized militants for implementing Islamic law too quickly in Mali.[13] He believed the destruction of shrines would provoke Western governments to intervene in Mali.[14] DesignationIn December 2007, the United States Department of the Treasury imposed financial sanctions and froze Abdelmalek Droukdel's assets under Executive Order 13224.[15][16] References1. ^Interview with Abu Musab Abdel Wadoud, Commander of the Algerian Salafist Group for Prayer and Combat (GSPC) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051221184546/http://www.globalterroralert.com/pdf/1205/gspc1205.pdf |date=21 December 2005 }} Global Terror Alert, 26 September 2005. {{Militant Islamism in the Middle East}}{{Al-Qaeda}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Droukdel, Abdelmalek}}2. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/01/world/africa/01algeria.html |title=Ragtag Insurgency Gains a Lifeline From Al Qaeda |work=The New York Times |date=1 July 2008}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=Abdel Bari Atwan|title=The Secret History of Al Qaeda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1jjLvDE5Fy8C&pg=PA232|accessdate=20 January 2013|date=4 February 2008|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-25561-6|pages=232}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|last=Jacinto |first=Leela |title=Key figures in al Qaeda's North African branch |url=https://www.cimicweb.org/cmo/medbasin/Documents/North%20Africa/Security/Key%20figures%20in%20al%20Qaeda%20North%20Africa.pdf |publisher=CIMIC |accessdate=21 January 2013 |date=27 September 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214025331/https://www.cimicweb.org/cmo/medbasin/Documents/North%20Africa/Security/Key%20figures%20in%20al%20Qaeda%20North%20Africa.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2013 |df=dmy }} 5. ^New chief for Algeria's Islamists BBC, 7 September 2004 6. ^{{cite web|title=Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb |url=https://www.cimicweb.org/cmo/medbasin/Documents/North%20Africa/Security/CFR%20Backgrounder%20on%20AQIM.pdf |publisher=CIMIC |accessdate=21 January 2013 |author=Andrew Hansen |author2=Lauren Vriens |date=21 July 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214025328/https://www.cimicweb.org/cmo/medbasin/Documents/North%20Africa/Security/CFR%20Backgrounder%20on%20AQIM.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2013 |df=dmy }} 7. ^{{cite news|last=Belkadi|first=Boubker|title=Ruthless chief, head of Al-Qaeda's NAfrica branch|url=http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=23510|accessdate=18 January 2013|newspaper=Middle East Online|date=13 December 2007|location=Algiers|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211221120/http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=23510|archive-date=11 December 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Trabelsi|first=Habib|title=Zarqawi death 'relief' for rival rebels: experts|url=http://www.lebanonwire.com/0606MLN/06060932MAF.asp|accessdate=20 January 2013|newspaper=Lebanon Wire|date=9 June 2006|agency=AFP|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320020814/http://lebanonwire.com/0606MLN/06060932MAF.asp|archive-date=20 March 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 9. ^{{cite news|title=Algeria al-Qaeda chief Droukdel sentenced in absentia|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-17359310|accessdate=24 December 2017|publisher=BBC News|date=13 March 2012}} 10. ^Salafist Group for Call and Combat Announces its New Name as al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} SITE Institute, 26 January 2007 11. ^{{cite news|last=Johny|first=Stanly|title=Waiting for a deluge|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/waiting-fordeluge/498174/|accessdate=20 January 2013|newspaper=Business Standard|date=9 January 2013|location=New Delhi}} 12. ^{{cite news|last=Morgan|first=Andy|title='Mr Marlboro' lands a seismic blow|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/mr-marlboro-lands-a-seismic-blow-8458855.html|accessdate=20 January 2013|newspaper=The Independent|date=20 January 2013}} 13. ^MALI-AL-QAIDA'S SAHARA PLAYBOOK - Associated Press 14. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-21587055 | title=Mali Islamists warned about Sharia in al-Qaeda 'manifesto' | work=BBC News | date=2013-02-26 | accessdate=26 February 2013 | author=Doyle, Mark}} 15. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20071223100750/http://africa.reuters.com/wire/news/usnN04527476.html U.S. freezes assets of Algerian over al Qaeda ties] Reuters, 4 December 2007 16. ^{{cite press_release|url=http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/terror.pdf|title=Terrorism: What You Need to Know About U.S. Sanctions|publisher=U.S. Department of Treasury|date=14 February 2013|accessdate=26 February 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228090201/http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/terror.pdf|archivedate=28 February 2013|df=dmy-all}} 7 : 1970 births|Living people|Algerian al-Qaeda members|People of the 2010–12 Algerian protests|Leaders of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb|People from Meftah|Salafi jihadists |
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