“Abderhalden's drying pistol”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The drying pistol consists of two concentric barrels; the inner is connected to a vacuum source via a trap.^[2] The outer barrel is connected at the bottom to a round bottom flask, and a condenser. To operate the drying pistol, a sample is placed within the inner barrel, and the barrel is evacuated. The round bottom flask, filled with an appropriate solvent, is heated to a boil. Hot vapors warm the inner barrel; losses are avoided with the condenser. By choosing the appropriate solvent, the temperature at which the sample is dried can be selected.

The trap is filled with an appropriate material: water is removed with phosphorus pentoxide, acidic gases by potassium or sodium hydroxide, and organic solvents by thin pieces of paraffin. However, use of these agents has been shown to have little efficacy. Generally, the main impurity to be removed is water.^[3]^[4]

This set-up allows the desiccation of heat-sensitive compounds under relatively mild conditions. Removing these trace impurities is especially important to give good results for elemental analysis and gravimetric analysis.

References

1. ^{{cite web | publisher = Royal Society of Chemistry | work = Chemistry World | date = February 2009 | title = Classic Kit: Abderhalden's drying pistol | first = Andrea | last = Sella | url = http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/Issues/2009/February/AbderhaldensDryingPistol.asp}}
2. ^{{cite book| first1 = Laurence M. | last1 = Harwood | first2 = Christopher J. | last2 = Moody|title = Experimental organic chemistry: Principles and Practice|edition = Illustrated |pages = 136–137|ISBN=978-0-632-02017-1 |date= 13 Jun 1989|publisher= WileyBlackwell}}
3. ^¹{{cite book |author1=Dawkins, Linda M. |author2=Shugar, Gershon J. |author3=Ballinger, Jack T. |title=Chemical technicians' ready reference handbook |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=1996 |pages=311–312 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=89w4kyQqQXcC&pg=PA311&lpg=PA311 | format = Google Books excerpt}}
4. ^{{cite book |last1=Chai | first1=Christina Li Lin | last2=Armarego | first2=W. L. F. |title=Purification of laboratory chemicals |publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann |location=Oxford |year=2003 |pages=25–26 |isbn=0-7506-7571-3 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate= | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SYzm1tx2z3QC&pg=PA25 | format = Google Books excerpt}}

Operation

References