“Abduyi dialect”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Abduyi dialect

释义

Phonology
Vowels Consonants
Grammar
Verbs Nouns
Vocabulary
Example sentences
See also
References
Further reading

{{Infobox language
|name=Abduyi
|nativename={{lang|ku|عبدویی}}
|pronunciation=
|states=Iran
|region =
|speakers= ca. 600
|ref={{cn|date=August 2013}}
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=Indo-Iranian
|fam3=Iranian
|fam4=Western Iranian
|fam5=Northwestern Iranian
|fam6=Kurdish
|fam7=Southern Kurdish
|agency=Academy of Persian Language and Literature
|isoexception=dialect
|glotto=none
}}

The Abduyi dialect ({{lang-ku|عبدویی}}, UniPers: Abduyi) is a Northwestern Iranian language^[1] spoken in the village of Abduyi, reachable from Kazerun city in Southern Iran, through the old road of Shiraz-Kazerun after 36 kilometers. The number of households of the village has been around 120 in 2004.^[2]

. The dialect is identified as Kurdish by most researchers.^[3]

Phonology

The transcription used here is an approximation.

Vowels

short: â, a, e, i, o, u

long: â:, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū

Consonants

voiced dental fricative: ð, a sound near to English voiced "th", generally after vowels, like in 'taðuk' (cockroach).
palatal stops: front 'g' and 'k', like in 'kačče' (chin) and girib (cry).
voiced velar fricative: γ, like in 'jeγarek' (hailstone).
alveolar trill: like in 'borre' (flail).

Grammar

Verbs

Infinitive markers: -san, -tan, -dan.

Nouns

Stresses on different vowels make nouns definite or indefinite. Example:

že (woman), tuhu (house).

Definite: žení (the woman), tevedí (the house).

Indefinite: žéni (a woman), tevédi (a house).

The plural is marked by the suffixes: -gal, -al, -u and -yu. Examples:

sib (apple) → sib-yu (apples)

morb (hen) → morb-u (hens)

âdam (person) → âdam-gal (persons)

Vocabulary

English	Abduyi	Persian (Unipers)
*beautiful*	qašang	zibâ, qašang
*blood*	xin	xun
*bread*	nu	nân
*bring*	averdan	âvardan
*brother*	kâkâ	barâdar
*come*	ātan	âmadan
*cry*	gereyidan	geristan
*dark*	tarik	târik
*daughter*	dut	doxtar
*day*	ru	ruz
do	kerdan	kardan
*door*	der	dar
*die*	merdan	mordan
*donkey*	xar	xar
*egg*	xâg	toxme morgh
*earth*	zamin	zamin
*eye*	čām	čašm
*father*	bâvâ	pedar
*fear*	tars	tars
*fiancé*	numzad	nâmzad
*fine*	xoš	xoš
*finger*	penje	angošt
*fire*	teš, taš	âtaš, âzar
*fish*	mahi	mâhi
*food / eat*	γezâ/ xovârdan	ghezâ, xorâk / xordan
go	večedan	raftan
*god*	xodâ	xodâ
*good*	xub	xub
*great*	get	bozorg, gonde, gat
*hand*	das	dast

English	Abduyi	Persian (Unipers)
*head*	tel, ser	sar, kalle
*heart*	del	del, qalb
*horse*	asp	asb, astar
*house*	tuhu	xâne
*language* (Also Tongue)	zabun	zabân
*laugh*	xande kerdan	xandidan
*man*	merek	mard
*moon*	mâh	mâh
*mother*	dāni	mâdar, mâmân
*mouth*	kap	dahân
*name*	num	nâm
*night*	šô	šab
*open*	vâ kerdan	bâz kardan
*peace*	sōl	âshti, ârâmeš, ârâmi
*place*	je	jâ
*read*	xondan	xândan
*say*	gotan	goftan, gap zadan
*scratch*	kavarondan	xârândan
*sister*	xeva, dâdâ	xâhar
*small*	xordek	kucak, xord
*son*	pos	pesar, pur, bacce
*tall*	derâz	boland , bârez, derâz
*three*	se	se
*water*	ô	âb, ow
*weave*	bâftan	bâftan
*when*	kay	key
*wind*	bâ	bâd
*woman*	že, ži	zan
*yesterday*	dede	diruz

Example sentences

English	Abduyi	Persian	Unipers
What is this?	hena če-na?	این چیست؟	In cist?
Where is Ali?	ali keve-ye?	علی کجاست؟	Ali kojâst?
This horse is white.	he aspa safid-e.	.این اسب سفید است	In asb sefid ast.
They say he works ten hours a day.	temš-an ke reš-i dā sâa't kâr tekâ-t.	.میگویند روزی ده ساعت کار میکند	Miguyand ruzi dah sâat kâr mikonad.
I have two small brothers and sisters.	dotto kâkâ ō dotto dâdâ-m hasta.	.دو برادر و خواهر کوچک دارم	Do barâdar va xâhare kucak dâram.
If you will go just once to their village, you won't forget the hospitality of its people.	ege faqat e kaše e deh-e evo večede pe hič vaxt mehmun-dâri-ye mardoman a eš yâdo-t vi neyčut.	.اگر تنها یکبار به ده آنها رفته باشی، مهمان‌نوازی مردم آنجا را هرگز از یاد نخواهی برد	Agar tanhâ yekbâr be dehe ânhâ rafte bâši, mehmânnavâziye mardome ânjâ râ hargez az yâd naxâhid bord.
Who called me?	ke heyâ may ke?	چه کسی مرا صدا زد؟	Cekasi marâ sedâ zad?

References

1. ^Salami, A., 1384 AP / 2005 AD. Ganjineye guyeššenâsiye Fârs (The treasury of the dialectology of Fars). Second Volume, P. 13, Academy of Persian Language and Literature. {{ISBN|964-7531-39-7}} {{fa icon}}
2. ^Salami, A., 1383 AP / 2004 AD. Ganjineye guyeššenâsiye Fârs (The treasury of the dialectology of Fars). First Volume, The academy of Persian language and literature. {{ISBN|964-7531-32-X}} {{fa icon}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/fars-viii |title=FĀRS viii. Dialects |author=Windfuhr, Gernot |date=15 December 1999 |work=Encyclopaedia Iranica Online |publisher=Columbia University |location=New York |accessdate=2010-05-23 |quote=The southeast Kurdish dialect of the village pair of Kalānī and ʿAbdūʾī of Kāzerūn (Mann 1909, pp. 135-35; Zhukovskiĭ, Materialy, texts, pp. 75-81; Andreas, ed. Barr, pp. 359-483).}}