| 词条 | Giulio Racah |
| 释义 |
| name = Giulio Racah | image = Giulio Racah. Photograph by Harris. Wellcome V0027050.jpg | birth_date = February 9, 1909 | birth_place = Florence | death_date = {{d-da|August 28, 1965|February 9, 1909}} | death_place = Florence | doctoral_students = }}Giulio (Yoel) Racah ({{lang-he|ג'וליו (יואל) רקח}}; February 9, 1909 – August 28, 1965) was an Italian–Israeli physicist and mathematician.[1] BiographyBorn in Florence, Italy,[2] he took his degree from the University of Florence in 1930, and later studied in Rome with Enrico Fermi. In 1937 he was appointed Professor of Physics at the University of Pisa. In 1939, due to application of Anti-Jewish laws in Italy, Racah immigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine, and was appointed Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he was later Dean of the Faculty of Sciences, and finally Rector and acting President. The physics institute at the Hebrew University is named "The Racah Institute of Physics". In the Israeli War of Independence, Racah served as deputy commander of the Israeli forces defending Mount Scopus.[3] Racah's research was mainly in the fields of quantum physics and atomic spectroscopy. He first devised a systematic general procedure for classifying the energy levels of open shell atoms, which remains to this day the accepted technique for practical calculations of atomic structure. This formalism was described in a monograph coauthored by his cousin Ugo Fano (Irreducible Tensorial Sets, 1959). Racah died at the age of 56, apparently asphyxiated by gas from a faulty heater.[4] AwardsIn 1958, Racah was awarded the Israel Prize in exact sciences.[5] See also
The crater Racah on the Moon is named after him. References1. ^{{cite journal|title=Giulio Racah|journal=Physics Today|volume=18|issue=10|pages=118|url=http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v18/i10/p118_s1?bypassSSO=1|doi=10.1063/1.3046917|bibcode=1965PhT....18j.118.}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www-personal.umich.edu/~szwetch/Stamps.of.Israel/62.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-01-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012154305/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~szwetch/Stamps.of.Israel/62.html |archivedate=2012-10-12 |df= }} 3. ^[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0017_0_16308.html Jewish Virtual Library, sourced from Encyclopaedia Judaica] 4. ^{{cite journal|title=Giulio Racah|journal=Physics Today|volume=18|issue=10|pages=118|url=http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v18/i10/p118_s1?bypassSSO=1|doi=10.1063/1.3046917|bibcode=1965PhT....18j.118.}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashyag/Tashkab_Tashyag_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashyah |title=Israel Prize recipients in 1958 (in Hebrew) |publisher=Israel Prize Official Site |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208115723/http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashyag/Tashkab_Tashyag_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashyah |archivedate=February 8, 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }} External links
21 : 20th-century Italian mathematicians|Italian mathematicians|Israeli physicists|Israeli mathematicians|Italian physicists|Italian emigrants to Israel|Italian Jews|Israeli Jews|University of Florence alumni|University of Pisa faculty|Hebrew University of Jerusalem faculty|Israel Prize in exact science recipients|Israel Prize in exact science recipients who were mathematicians|Israel Prize in exact science recipients who were physicists|Members of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities|People from Florence|1909 births|1965 deaths|Deaths from asphyxiation|Jewish physicists|Italian refugees |
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