| 词条 | Adele Island (Western Australia) |
| 释义 |
| name = Adele Island | native_name = | sobriquet = | image_name = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | map = Western Australia | map_caption = Location of Adele Island | location = | coordinates = {{coord|15.5242|S|123.1573|E|display=inline,title}} | archipelago = | total_islands = | major_islands = | area_ha = 217 | area_footnotes = | rank = | length_km = 2.9 | length_footnotes = | width_km = 1.6 | width_footnotes = | coastline_km = | coastline_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_footnotes = | highest_mount = | Country_heading = | country = Australia | country_admin_divisions_title = | country_admin_divisions = | country_admin_divisions_title_1 = | country_admin_divisions_1 = | demonym = | population = 0 | population_as_of = | density_km2 = | density_footnotes = | ethnic_groups = | website = | additional_info = }}Adele Island is an island located in the Indian Ocean approximately {{convert|104|km|mi|0}} North of Ardyaloon off the Kimberley coast in Western Australia.[1][2] DescriptionThe island is fish-hook shaped and has a length of {{convert|2.9|km|mi|0}} and a width of {{convert|1.6|km|mi|0}} and a total area of {{convert|217|ha|acre|0}}. It is low-lying and surrounded by extensive sandbanks lying over a limestone platform forming a large lagoon.[2] HistoryNicolas Baudin named the island in 1801 as part of his expedition around Australia.[3][4] The name of the island was first charted on the Freycinet Map of 1811. It was declared a Nature Reserve in 2001 in recognition of its status as a bird breeding sanctuary. Since then the Department of Environment and Conservation has embarked on a campaign to eradicate the island of the Polynesian Rats that are a constant threat to the native seabirds.[5]An acetylene-powered lighthouse was built on the island in 1951 it was later upgraded to solar power in 1985.[6] BirdsThe island is classified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area for its seabirds and waders. As well as breeding cormorants and Australian pelicans, globally important bird species breeding or staging on the island are lesser frigatebird with 2000-5700 breeding pairs, brown booby with 1500-8500 breeding pairs, grey-tailed tattler with up to 5500 individuals, and red-necked stint with up to 4100 individuals.[7] RollolithsRollolith is also found in Adele Island. It is the basic name given to benthic creatures.[8] Rolloliths can be made ofbarnacles (balanuliths); coral (corallith); vermetulid worms (vermetuliths); red crustose coralline green growth (rhodolith); or bryozoans (bryoliths).[9] References1. ^Adèle Island. Google. 2. ^1 Adele island. The Kimberley Coast. 3. ^Freycinet, L. (1815) [https://archive.org/details/voyagededcouver00freygoog Voyage de Découvertes aux Terres Australes Exécuté sur les Corvettes le Géographe and le Naturaliste et la Goélette le Casuarina, Pendant les Années 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803 et 1804; sous le Commandement du Captaine de Vaisseau N. Baudin].Published: de l'Imprimerie Royale. 4. ^Some sources state that Baudin discovered the island, but this is highly debatable and in reality highly unlikely. Australia was visited by Dutch explorers in the 17th century (hence "New Holland") and later, in 1699, by William Dampier after whom the Dampier Archipelago is named. Dampier sailed northwards along the western coast towards Timor passing many islands on the way. Also, it should not be forgotten that fishing fleets from Indonesia, especially Makassan trepangers, have a long history of visiting the Australia coast. 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.livescience.com/51795-rat-island-seen-from-space.html |title=Beautiful, Rat-Filled Island Seen From Space |last=Pappas |first=Stephanie |website=livescience.com |date=10 August 2015 |accessdate=12 August 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://members.upnaway.com/~obees/lights/kimberley/adele.html|title=Adele Island - Admiralty Reference # 1640|year=2012|accessdate=3 August 2014|publisher=Lighthouses of Western Australia}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |title=IBA: Adele Island |accessdate=18 May 2011 |work=Birdata |first= |last= |publisher=Birds Australia |date= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706102341/http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |archivedate=6 July 2011 }} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/kimberley/new-species/rolloliths-adele-island|title=Rolloliths of Adele Island {{!}} Marine Life of the Kimberley Region|website=museum.wa.gov.au|access-date=2018-12-06}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/kimberley/new-species/rolloliths-adele-island|title=Rolloliths of Adele Island {{!}} Marine Life of the Kimberley Region|last=|first=|date=|website=museum.wa.gov.au|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}} Notes{{Reflist|group="note"}} 4 : Islands of the Kimberley (Western Australia)|Protected areas of Western Australia|Important Bird Areas of Western Australia|Places listed on the defunct Register of the National Estate |
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