| 词条 | Adolf Hoel |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = Professor | name = Adolf Hoel | native_name = | native_name_lang = | honorific-suffix = | image = Adolf Hoel 1911.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Adolf Hoel (1911) | birth_name = | birth_date = 15 May 1879 | birth_place = | death_date = 19 February 1964 | death_place = | nationality = Norwegian |occupation = | website = | office = Rector of the University of Oslo | term_start = 1941 | term_end = 1945 | predecessor =Didrik Arup Seip | successor = Otto Lous Mohr }} Adolf Hoel (15 May 1879 – 19 February 1964) was a Norwegian geologist, environmentalist and Polar region researcher. He led several scientific expeditions to Svalbard and Greenland. Hoel has been described as one of the most iconic and influential figures in Norwegian polar exploration in the first half of the 20th century, alongside Fridtjof Nansen and Roald Amundsen.[1][2] His focus on and research of the polar areas has been largely credited as the reason Norway has sovereignty over Svalbard and Queen Maud Land in the Antarctica.[3][4][5] Hoel was the founding director of the Norwegian Polar Institute and served as rector of the University of Oslo and as President of the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature. The mineral hoelite and the Hoel Mountains in Antarctica are named in his honour. BiographyHoel was born in Sørum in Akershus, Norway. He attended Hans Nielsen Hauges Minde in Oslo and the University of Oslo taking his cand.real. examation in 1904. He married Elisabeth Birgitte Fredrikke Thomsen in 1916. [6][7] Hoel became a fellow of the University of Oslo in 1911 and a docent in 1919. He was appointed a full professor in 1940. Hoel was rector of the University of Oslo from 1941 to 1945 during the German occupation of Norway. He was the leading Norwegian researcher at Svalbard in the early 20th century, and in 1928 founded Norges Svalbard- og Ishavsundersøkelser, which became the Norwegian Polar Institute in 1948. [8] He was President of the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature from 1935 to 1945. In 1933, he became a member of the Nasjonal Samling party of the former minister of defence, Vidkun Quisling, largely due to the Norwegian nationalist approach to the Norwegian occupation of a part of Greenland in the early 1930s. After World War II, he finished his work for the Norwegian Polar Institute on the history of Svalbard (Svalbard. Svalbards historie 1596-1965) which was published as a three-volume set after his death. [9][10][11]{{s-start}}{{s-aca}}{{succession box | before=Didrik Arup Seip| title=Rectors of the University of Oslo | years=1941–1945 | after=Otto Lous Mohr}}{{s-end}}References1. ^[https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/i/5GL1O/Norsk-imperialist-inn-fra-kulden Norsk imperialist inn fra kulden], Aftenposten {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoel, Adolf}}{{Norway-scientist-stub}}2. ^De glemte heltene i isen 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://svalbardmuseum.no/en/forskning/adolf-hoel/ |title=The Pioneering Work of Adolf Hoel in the Period 1906 – 1925|publisher = svalbardmuseum |author=Susan Barr|accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mindat.org/min-1915.html|title= Hoelite|publisher = Mindat.org |accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:5:0::NO::P5_ANTAR_ID:6853|title= Hoel Mountains|publisher = U.S. Geological Survey|accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 6. ^{{cite web|url= https://snl.no/Adolf_Hoel|title=Adolf Hoel|publisher = Store norske leksikon|accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.artemisia.no/arc/historisk/oslo/bygninger2/olaf.ryes.plass.2.html|title=Hauges Minde|publisher=Arkitektur og historie i Oslo|author=Geir Tandberg Steigan|accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 8. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.polarhistorie.no/personer/Hoel%2C%20Adolf|title=Adolf Hoel|publisher = Norsk Polarhistorie |accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 9. ^{{cite web|url= http://naturvernforbundet.no/naturogmiljo/naturverner-polarhelt-og-landssviker-article29411-1024.html|title=Naturverner, polarhelt og landssviker|publisher = naturvernforbundet.no |author= Tor Bjarne Christensen|accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 10. ^{{cite encyclopedia |year=2002 |title=Adolf Hoel |encyclopedia=Norsk biografisk leksikon|first=Einar-Arne |last=Drivenes |editor-first=Knut |editor-last=Helle |editor-link=Knut Helle |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |volume=4 |edition=2nd |url=http://nbl.snl.no/Adolf_Hoel/utdypning |language=Norwegian |accessdate=3 November 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.vialibri.net/item_pg_i/740750-1966-hoel-adolf-svalbard-svalbards-historie-1596-1965-iii.htm|title= Svalbard. Svalbards historie 1596-1965. I-III|publisher =vialibri|accessdate= January 1, 2017 }} 14 : 1879 births|1964 deaths|People from Sørum|University of Oslo alumni|Members of Nasjonal Samling|Norwegian scientists|Norwegian geologists|Norwegian environmentalists|University of Oslo faculty|Rectors of universities and colleges in Norway|People convicted of treason against Norway|20th-century Norwegian scientists|20th-century Norwegian educators|20th-century Norwegian geologists |
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