| 词条 | Aeroflot Flight 244 |
| 释义 |
|name = Aeroflot Flight 244 |occurrence_type = Hijacking |image = Antonov An-24RV, Aeroflot AN1089502.jpg |image_size = |alt = |caption = An Aeroflot Antonov An-24, similar to the one involved in the hijacking |date = 15 October 1970 |type = Hijacking |site = en route |coordinates = |aircraft_type = Antonov An-24b |aircraft_name = |operator = Aeroflot |tail_number = СССР-46256 |origin = Batumi, Adjar ASSR, Georgian SSR |stopover = Sukhumi |stopover0 = |stopover1 = |stopover2 = |stopover3 = |last_stopover = |destination = Krasnodar |passengers = 45[1] |crew = 4 |injuries = 3 |fatalities = 1 |survivors = 49 |missing=|image_upright=}}Aeroflot Flight 244 was hijacked on 15 October 1970, making it the first known successful airline hijacking in the Soviet Union.[2][3] SynopsisLithuanian Pranas Brazinskas and his 13-year-old son Algirdas seized an An-24 domestic passenger plane en route from Batumi, Adjar ASSR, Georgian SSR, to Sukhumi and Krasnodar to defect to the West. Pranas had been sentenced twice by the Soviet authorities in 1955 and 1965 for financial crimes related to state-run shops where he worked.[4] They selected seats closest to the cockpit in the cabin. Five minutes after takeoff while the aircraft was at an altitude of 800 meters, they called over the flight attendant Nadezhda Kurchenko and demanded control of the aircraft in a threatening note. Kurchenko tried to block the entrance to the cockpit but failed, yelling out that the two were armed shortly before the hijackers shot her twice at point blank range.[5]Several members of the crew were wounded in the onboard shootout. Pranas Brazinskas claimed the shootout occurred because of resistance from two armed guards on board.[6] According to Russian media, the shootout was started by Brazinskas when the flight attendant ran to the cockpit to warn the pilots, and there were no guards on board.[2] The hijackers commandeered the plane to Trabzon, Turkey, and surrendered to the Turkish government. AftermathThe Brazinskas were tried and imprisoned, but Turkey refused to extradite them to the Soviet authorities.[7] The plane with its passengers was soon returned to the USSR. After spending some time in prison, the Brazinskas were granted amnesty in 1974 and made their way to Venezuela and finally to the United States. They were initially arrested but later allowed to apply for asylum.[8] The Soviet Union condemned the United States for granting asylum to murderers and pressed for their extradition. Up until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Soviet government continued to press for the extradition of the Brazinskas, and regularly assailed what they alleged was American hypocrisy in harboring terrorists who attack the aircraft of socialist countries, while pursuing very different actions against terrorists who attacked American nationals, such as in the Achille Lauro case.[9] In 2002, Algirdas (now known as Albert Victor White) was convicted in Santa Monica of murdering his 77-year-old father Pranas (by then known as Frank White) during a family argument.[6][10] See also
References1. ^Pranas Brazinskas: unknown side of life (in Lithuanian). Balsas.lt. November 16, 2001 {{Aviation accidents and incidents in 1970}}2. ^1 Korobeinikov, Dmitry (5 December 2003), Dead on Arrival. Pravda.ru 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Scott|first=Erik R.|title=The Hijacking of Aeroflot Flight 244: States and Statelessness in the Late Cold War|url=https://academic.oup.com/past/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pastj/gty044/5253239|journal=Past & Present|language=en|doi=10.1093/pastj/gty044|year=2018}} 4. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.baltictimes.com/news/articles/6162/ | title=Bloody end to story of legendary hijackers}} 5. ^Gubarev, O. Воздушный террор: хроника преступлений. М., Вече, 2006. pgs. 114-116 6. ^1 1970 Hijacker Convicted of Murdering Father. Los Angeles Times. November 2, 2002 7. ^Krasnov, Vladislav (1986), Soviet defectors: the KGB wanted list, p. 125. Hoover Press, {{ISBN|0-8179-8231-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-8179-8231-7}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2002/feb/09/local/me-charge9|title=Hijackers' Saga: Dad Slain, Son Arrested|author=Eric Malnic|date=February 9, 2002|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=December 27, 2014}} 9. ^Ginsburgs, George and Rubinstein, Alvin Z (1993), Russia and America: from rivalry to reconciliation, p. 171. M.E. Sharpe, 10. ^Hijackers' Saga: Dad Slain, Son Arrested. Los Angeles Times. February 9, 2002. 15 : Aircraft hijackings|Aviation accidents and incidents in Georgia (country)|Aviation accidents and incidents in the Soviet Union|Aviation accidents and incidents in 1970|1970 in the Soviet Union|1970 in Turkey|Batumi|Aeroflot accidents and incidents|Terrorist incidents in 1970|Terrorism in the Soviet Union|Eastern Bloc defectors|Soviet Union–United States relations|History of Adjara|Murder in 1970|October 1970 events in Europe |
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