| 词条 | Aeroflot Flight 411 |
| 释义 |
Date=6 July 1982| Type=Low-altitude stall| image=Ilyushin_Il-62M,_Aeroflot_AN1061812.jpg| caption=An Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-62M, similar to the accident aircraft| occurrence_type=Accident| Site=Mendeleyevo, Moscow Oblast, Soviet Union| Fatalities=90| Injuries= 0| Aircraft Type=Ilyushin Il-62M| Operator=Aeroflot| Tail Number=СССР-86513{{efn|name=Reg|The aircraft registration prefix for civil aircraft registered in the Soviet Union was SSSR. In the Russian cyrillic alphabet, the English letter "S" is written as "C" and "R" is written as "P", hence "CCCP" is "SSSR" in cyrillic.}}| origin = Moscow, Soviet Union| destination = Freetown, Sierra Leone| stopover = Dakar, Senegal| Passengers=82| Crew=8| }} Aeroflot Flight 411 was an international scheduled flight from Sheremetyevo Airport, Moscow to Freetown, Sierra Leone via Dakar in Senegal. Early on 6 July 1982, the four-engined Ilyushin Il-62 crashed and was destroyed by fire after two engines shut down shortly after take-off.[3] All 90 passengers and crew on board died as a result of the crash. AircraftThe accident aircraft was an Ilyushin Il-62M, with registration SSSR-86513.{{efn|name=Reg}} Its first flight was in November 1980 and it had flown slightly more than 4,800 hours prior to the accident. The Il-62's four jet engines are mounted in pairs, on pylons either side of the rear fuselage. AccidentThe aircraft took off from Moscow's Sheremetyevo Airport at 12:33am with 82 passengers and 8 crew on board.[5] Within seconds the engine fire warning for No. 1 engine{{efn|name=Engines|Engine No. 1 and Engine No. 2 are paired on the left side of the aircraft.}} was annunciated. The crew shut down the engine and discharged the engine fire extinguishers. Less than a minute later the engine fire warning for No. 2 engine{{efn|name=Engines}} was also annunciated and the crew shut this engine down as well.[5] The crew turned the aircraft to return to Sheremetyevo Airport but after the second engine shutdown it was only at an altitude of about {{convert|160|m|ft}} and a speed of {{convert|320|km/h|knots}}. Despite the pilots' efforts to keep it airborne, the aircraft gradually lost height and airspeed until it stalled about {{convert|75|m|ft}} above the ground. It then crashed in a forested wetland {{convert|1.5|km|mi|1}} east of the town of Mendeleyevo and {{convert|11.4|km|mi|1}} northwest of Sheremetyevo Airport, less than three minutes after takeoff. A passenger from Sierra Leone survived the initial crash and subsequent fire, but died on the evening of 8 July. InvestigationPost-crash examination of the engines found no pre-crash damage or signs of in-flight fire – the fire warnings were false.[3] The fire warning system was almost completely destroyed by the crash and fire and the reason for the false warnings could not be determined; although there had been nine reported instances of bleed air leaks causing spurious engine fire warnings on Il-62s between 1975 and the date of the crash, this was ruled out as a cause. The investigation found that it was impossible for the aircraft to maintain altitude on two engines with its flaps set for takeoff and at its weight of {{convert|164514|kg|lb}}, which was close to the maximum takeoff weight for an Il-62. It found no fault with the pilots' actions, who could not make a forced landing because of the dark and the urban areas on the ground below. The investigation found the pilots had followed flight manual procedures; however there was no procedure in the flight manual to cover the situation in which they found themselves. Notes{{notelist}}References{{Portal|Soviet Union|Russia|Aviation|Disasters|1980s}}1. ^1 2 UK CAA Document CAA 429 World Airline Accident Summary [1][2]2. ^1 2 {{ASN accident|title=CCCP-86513 |id=19820706-0 |accessdate=3 January 2015 }} }}{{Aeroflot}}{{Aviation accidents and incidents in 1982}}{{coord|56|01|39|N|37|15|30|E|region:RU_type:landmark_source:kolossus-ruwiki|display=title}} 8 : Aviation accidents and incidents in 1982|Aviation accidents and incidents in the Soviet Union|Aviation accidents and incidents in Russia|Airliner accidents and incidents caused by instrument failure|Accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-62|1982 in the Soviet Union|Aeroflot accidents and incidents|July 1982 events in Europe |
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