1. Scope of compounds

2. Preparation

3. References

Scope of compounds

A-frame complexes typically consist of a pair of square-planar metal centres. Consequently, this family of complexes is found for those metals that tend to adopt that geometry, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, and Au. In addition to dppm, the analogous tetramethyldiphosphine (dmpm) also forms such complexes as do some related ligands, such as diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine. The bridging site can be occupied by a variety of ligands, including CO, SO, NO, CH₂, hydride, and chloride.

Preparation

A frame complexes are often produced by the addition of reagents of the type AX₂ to low valent complexes of dppm:

2 M(0) + AX₂ + 2 dppm → M₂(μ-A)(dppm)₂X₂

Alternatively the group "A" can be added across a preformed M-M bond, as indicated by the oxidative addition of elemental sulfur:^[2]

Pd₂(dppm)₂Cl₂ + S → Pd₂(μ-S)(dppm)₂Cl₂

References

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