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词条 Gliese 1
释义

  1. History

  2. Properties

  3. References

{{Starbox begin
| name=Gliese 1
}}{{Starbox observe
| epoch=J2000
| ra={{RA|00|05|24.4279}}[1]
| dec={{DEC|−37|21|26.503}}[1]
| appmag_v=8.57[3]
| constell=Sculptor
}}{{Starbox character
| class=M1.5V[3]
| b-v=+1.46[5]
| u-b=+1.04[5]
| variable=BY[7]
}}{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v={{val|+23.6|2}}[8]
| prop_mo_ra=+5,633.95[1]
| prop_mo_dec=−2,336.69[1]
| parallax=230.1331
| p_error=0.0600
| parallax_footnote=[11]
| absmag_v=10.35[12]
}}{{Starbox detail
| mass=0.45[13]–0.48[14]
| radius=0.46–0.48[15]
| luminosity=
| temperature={{val|3567|110|fmt=commas}}[16]
| metal_fe={{val|−0.45|0.09}}[16]
| rotation={{Val|60.1|5.7|u=d}}[18]
| rotational_velocity=4.8[19]
| gravity=
| age_myr={{nowrap|(0.1 ± 0.1)}}[20]
}}{{Starbox catalog
| names=CD -37°15492, CPD−37°9435, G 267-025, GJ 1, GC 49, GCTP 5817.00, HD 225213, HIP 439, LHS 1, LTT 23, NLTT 134, NSV 15017, SAO 192348[3]
}}{{Starbox reference
| Simbad = GJ+1
}}{{Starbox end}}

Gliese 1 is a red dwarf in the constellation Sculptor, which is found in the southern celestial hemisphere. It is one of the closest stars to the Sun, at a distance of 14.2 light years. Because of its proximity to the Earth it is a frequent object of study and much is known about its physical properties and composition. However, with an apparent magnitude of about 8.5 it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.

History

This star's high proper motion was first documented by Benjamin Gould in 1885. At that time the star was identified as Cordoba Z.C. 23h 1584.[22]

As it lies very close to the origin of the astronomical right ascension coordinates during the 1950 epoch, it became the first star in both the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars and the Luyten Half-Second star catalogues.[23][24]

Properties

The stellar classification of this star has been rated from M1.5V to M4.0V by various sources.[25] Gliese 1 is estimated to have 45–48%[13][14] of the Sun's mass and 46–48%[15] of the Sun's radius.

This star is suspected of being a BY Draconis-type variable star with the provisional variable star designation NSV 15017.[7] It is also suspected of being a flare star.[15] Like other flare stars, it emits X-rays.[31] The temperatures of the layers of the atmosphere of this star have been measured.[32]

This star has been examined for an orbiting companion using speckle interferometry in the near infrared part of the spectrum. However, no companion was found to a magnitude limit of 10.5 at 1 AU from the primary, out to a magnitude limit of 12.5 at 10 AU.[33] Radial velocity measurements have likewise failed to reveal the presence of a companion orbiting this star. This search excludes a planet with a few Earth masses orbiting in the habitable zone, or a Jupiter-mass planet orbiting at a radius of 1 AU or less. The radial velocity shows little or no variability, with a measurement precision of less than 20 m/s.[13]

The space velocity components of this star are U = +77.2, V = -99.5 and W = -35.6 km/s. It is orbiting through the Milky Way galaxy with an orbital eccentricity of 0.45, and a distance from the galactic core that varies from 3,510 to 9,150 parsecs. By comparison, the Sun is currently 8,500 parsecs from the core.[36] Stars with high peculiar velocities are termed runaway stars. This star has a high peculiar velocity of 111.3 km/s, and the velocity vector for this star may link it with the Tucana-Horologium and/or the AB Doradus stellar associations.[20]

References

1. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=Allen, Christine |author2=Santillan, Alfredo | title=An improved model of the galactic mass distribution for orbit computations | journal=Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica | volume=22 |date=October 1991 | pages=255–263 | bibcode=1991RMxAA..22..255A }}
2. ^1 {{cite journal | author1=Schröder, C. |author2=Reiners, A. |author3=Schmitt, J. H. M. M. | title=Ca II HK emission in rapidly rotating stars. Evidence for an onset of the solar-type dynamo | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=493 | issue=3 | pages=1099–1107 |date=January 2009 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200810377 | bibcode=2009A&A...493.1099S }}
3. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |author1=Zechmeister, M. |author2=Kürster, M. |author3=Endl, M. | title=The M dwarf planet search programme at the ESO VLT + UVES. A search for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of M dwarfs | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=505 | issue=2 | pages=859–871 | arxiv=0908.0944 |date=October 2009 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200912479 | bibcode=2009A&A...505..859Z }}
4. ^1 2 {{cite journal | title=A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun |author1=Tetzlaff, N. |author2=Neuhäuser, R. |author3=Hohle, M. M. | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=410 | issue=1 | pages=190–200 |date=January 2011 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x | bibcode=2011MNRAS.410..190T |arxiv = 1007.4883 }}
5. ^1 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Suárez Mascareño | first1=A. | last2=Rebolo | first2=R. | last3=González Hernández | first3=J. I. | last4=Esposito | first4=M. | title=Rotation periods of late-type dwarf stars from time series high-resolution spectroscopy of chromospheric indicators | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=452 | issue=3 | pages=2745–2756 | date=September 2015 | doi=10.1093/mnras/stv1441 | bibcode=2015MNRAS.452.2745S | arxiv=1506.08039 | postscript=.}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Perryman | first1=M. A. C. | last2=Lindegren | first2=L. | last3=Kovalevsky | first3=J. | last4=Hoeg | first4=E. | last5=Bastian | first5=U. | last6=Bernacca | first6=P. L. | last7=Crézé | first7=M. | last8=Donati | first8=F. | last9=Grenon | first9=M. | title=The Hipparcos Catalogue | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | date=1997 | volume=323 | pages=L49–L52 | bibcode=1997A&A...323L..49P }}
7. ^1 2 {{cite journal | last=Cousins | first=A. W. J. | title=UBV Photometry of Some Southern Stars (Third List) | journal=Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa | date=1973 | volume=32 | issue=2 | pages=43–48 | bibcode=1973MNSSA..32...43C }}
8. ^1 {{Cite journal | last=Wilson | first=R. E. | date=1953 | title=General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities | journal=Carnegie Institution of Washington | pages=0 | bibcode=1953GCRV..C......0W }}
9. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=Schmitt, JHMM |author2=Liefke, C |title=NEXXUS: A comprehensive ROSAT survey of coronal X-ray emission among nearby solar-like stars |journal=Astron. Astrophys. |volume=417 |issue=2 |pages=651–65 |date=April 2004|arxiv = astro-ph/0308510 |bibcode = 2004A&A...417..651S |doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:20030495 }}
10. ^1 2 {{cite web | title=The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems | date=2009-01-01 | work=RECONS | publisher=Georgia State University | url=http://www.astro.gsu.edu/RECONS/TOP100.posted.htm | accessdate=2009-09-08 }}
11. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |author1=Pasinetti Fracassini, L. E. |author2=Pastori, L. |author3=Covino, S. |author4=Pozzi, A. | title=Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=367 |issue=2 | pages=521–524 |date=February 2001 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20000451 | bibcode=2001A&A...367..521P|arxiv = astro-ph/0012289 }} Note: Search the VizieR catalogue II/224 for HD 225213.
12. ^1 2 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Neves | first1=V. | last2=Bonfils | first2=X. | last3=Santos | first3=N. C. | last4=Delfosse | first4=X. | last5=Forveille | first5=T. | last6=Allard | first6=F. | last7=Udry | first7=S. | title=Metallicity of M dwarfs. IV. A high-precision [Fe/H] and Teff technique from high-resolution optical spectra for M dwarfs | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume=568 | id=A121 | pages=22 | date=August 2014 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201424139 | bibcode=2014A&A...568A.121N | postscript=.|arxiv = 1406.6127 }}
13. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=NSV+15017 | title=NSV 15017 -- Flare Star | work=SIMBAD | publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg | accessdate=2006-06-12}}
14. ^1 {{cite journal | last=Gould | first=B. | title=Star with large proper motion, in Sculptor | date=1885 | journal=Astronomische Nachrichten|volume=111| issue=16 |page=255 | bibcode=1885AN....111..255G | doi=10.1002/asna.18851111612}}
15. ^1 {{cite journal | last=Gliese | first=W. | title=Catalogue of Nearby Stars | date=1969 | journal=Veröffentlichungen des Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts Heidelberg | volume=22 | pages=1 | bibcode=1969VeARI..22....1G}}
16. ^1 {{cite book | last=Luyten | first=W. J. | title=LHS (Luyten half-second) Catalogue. | publisher=University of Minnesota | location=Minneapolis, Minnesota | date=1976 | bibcode=1976lhsc.book.....L }}
17. ^1 M1.5: SIMBAD. M3: Gautier, Thomas N., III; et al. (2007). M3: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; et al. (2004). M4: Eggen, Olin J. (1996) M4: Pasinetti-Fracassini, L. E.; et al. (2001).
18. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.sai.msu.su/gcvs/cgi-bin/search.cgi?search=NSV+15017+ | title=General Catalogue of Variable Stars NSV 15017 | publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg|accessdate=2009-12-14}}
19. ^1 {{ cite journal |author1=Schmitt, JHMM |author2=Fleming, TA |author3=Giampapa, MS |title=The X-ray view of the low-mass stars in the solar neighborhood |journal=Astrophys. J. |date=September 1995 |volume=450 |issue=9 |pages=392–400 |bibcode=1995ApJ...450..392S |doi=10.1086/176149}}
20. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=E. Lexen |author2=R. Wehrse |author3=J. Liebert |author4=M. S. Bessell | title=The outer atmospheric layers of the early M dwarf Gliese 1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=509 | pages= A101|date=January 2010 | bibcode= 2010A&A...509A.101L | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200912434 }}
21. ^1 {{cite journal |last1=Leinert |first1=C. |last2=Henry |first2=T. |last3=Glindemann |first3=A. |last4=McCarthy |first4=D. W., Jr. | title=A search for companions to nearby southern M dwarfs with near-infrared speckle interferometry | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=325 | pages=159–166 |date=September 1997 | bibcode=1997A&A...325..159L }}
22. ^1 {{cite DR2|2306965202564506752}}
[1][2][3][4]->>[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]
}}{{nearest systems|3}}{{Stars of Sculptor}}

9 : Gliese and GJ objects|High-proper-motion stars|Hipparcos objects|Henry Draper Catalogue objects|Durchmusterung objects|Local Bubble|Sculptor (constellation)|M-type main-sequence stars|Astronomical objects discovered in 1885
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