词条 | Alan Baxter (politician) |
释义 |
Alan Cheyne Baxter {{post-nominals|country=NZL|DFC*|size=85%}} (19 August 1911 – 1976) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. Biography{{NZ parlbox header|nolist=true|align=right}}{{NZ parlbox|start = {{NZ election link year|1946}} |end = 1949 |term = 28th |electorate = {{NZ electorate link|Raglan}} |party = New Zealand Labour Party }}{{NZ parlbox footer}} Baxter was born on 19 August 1911 at Egmont Village.[1] Before the war, Baxter was a shepherd. He joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) in March 1940 and was a flight lieutenant.[1] He was awarded the DFC in October 1942 for his actions in the Dieppe Raid,[2] with a Bar awarded in 1945.[3] The citation for the 1942 award read:[4] On August 19th, 1942, he was observer in the leading aircraft of a formation which participated in the combined operations at Dieppe. When the formation was attacked by some 20 enemy fighters, Pilot Officer Baxter calmly gave directions to his captain, and subsequently his skilful navigation was an essential contribution to the success achieved by the formation and to its safe return to base. According to one of his navigators, he flew more bombing missions over Germany than any other New Zealand airman (and came back alive).[5] During one period of raids, he lost seven room mates in five days. One personal escape involved bending over to pick up a map, with a shot of flak shooting through the seat where he had been sitting only a moment before.[6] On the bombing of Germany, he stated it was something that had to be done to stop Hitler, but every time they were let go, he felt for "the poor blighters below".[7] Baxter contested the 1946 by-election in the Raglan electorate for the Labour Party, but lost against Hallyburton Johnstone of the National Party.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=208}}[8] Later in the same year, Baxter defeated Johnstone in the 1946 general election by just 13 votes.[9] Johnstone in turn defeated Baxter in 1949.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|pp=183, 208}} Baxter later stood unsuccessfully for Raglan in the {{NZ election link year|1957}} and {{NZ election link|1960}}s. A notable characteristic of his parliamentary period was that he was respected as a man who never compromised his principles.[10] Baxter died in 1976.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=183}} Notes1. ^1 {{cite book |last=Thompson |first=H. L. |date=1956 |title=New Zealanders with the Royal Air Force |volume=2 |url=http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2RAF-c14.html |location=Wellington |publisher=Historical Publications Branch |page=407 |isbn=}} 2. ^{{London Gazette |issue=35759 |date=23 October 1942 |page=4643 |supp=y }} 3. ^{{London Gazette |issue=36942 |date=16 February 1945 |page=934 |supp=y }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=The Dieppe Raid – August 19, 1942|url=http://diepperaf.blogspot.co.nz/2012/11/acting-flight-lieutenant-donald-james.html|publisher=f|accessdate=26 December 2015}} 5. ^conversation with former navigator, F.Harper, April 2000 6. ^personal war incidents passed on to his family 7. ^personal conversation, circa 1974/1975 8. ^{{cite news | title=News of the Week | url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=LWM19460307.2.6 | accessdate=25 December 2015 | work=Lake Wakatip Mail | issue=4732 | date=7 March 1946 | page=2}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=The General Election, 1946 |url= http://www.atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1947-I.2.4.2.38 |publisher=National Library |accessdate=1 January 2014 |page=8 |year=1947}} 10. ^Phil Amos, former Labour Cabinet minister, at Alan Baxter's funeral, 1976 References
12 : 1911 births|1976 deaths|New Zealand Labour Party MPs|New Zealand World War II pilots|Royal New Zealand Air Force personnel|New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1949 New Zealand general election|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1957 New Zealand general election|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1960 New Zealand general election|New Zealand military personnel of World War II|Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives|Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross and Bar (United Kingdom) |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。