| 词条 | Albatrellus |
| 释义 |
| image =Albatrellus-ovinus.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = Albatrellus ovinus | regnum = Fungi | divisio = Basidiomycota | classis = Agaricomycetes | ordo = Russulales | familia = Albatrellaceae | genus = Albatrellus | genus_authority = Gray (1821) | type_species = Albatrellus ovinus | type_species_authority = (Schaeff. ex Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar (1957) | synonyms_ref = [1] | synonyms =
}} Albatrellus is a genus of 19 species of mushroom-producing fungi in the family Albatrellaceae.[3] Species are common in northern temperate forests, producing medium to large fleshy fruit bodies of various colors. TaxonomyBritish botanist Samuel Frederick Gray first described the genus in his 1821 work "A Natural Arrangement of British Plants".[4] Parsimony analysis of internal transcribed spacer sequences of various Albatrellus species show that the genus is not monophyletic, and that the species may be divided into two clades. This corroborates prior phylogenetic analysis that suggested that Albatrellus consists of two separate groups with affinity to the Russuloid and Polyporoid clades.[6][7][8]DescriptionSpecies of Albatrellus are terrestrial, with fleshy fruit bodies that differentiate into caps and stipes; the stipe is either central or eccentric to lateral. Fruit bodies are solitary or in clusters with stem bases or cap margins fused. Context mostly tough-fleshy, white or becoming brightly colored. The hymenophore is regularly poroid. The hyphal system is monomitic, the generative hyphae septate with or without clamp connections, with thin or somewhat thick, amyloid or inamyloid, indextrinoid and acyanophilous walls; the majority of hyphae are distinctly inflated (the fundamental hyphae). The basidiospores are ellipsoid to roughly spherical in shape, thin-walled to slightly thick-walled, with smooth, amyloid or inamyloid, indextrinoid and acyanophilous walls.[9] DistributionTwelve species of Albatrellus occur in North America.[10] The edible Albatrellus ovinus is sold commercially in Finland.[11] The Dictionary of the Fungi estimates there to be 16 species in the genus, but three new species (A. fumosus, A. microcarpus, A. tibetanus) were described from China in 2008.[12] Species{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Gardes M, Bruns TD |title=ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes—application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts |journal=Molecular Ecology |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=113–8 |year=1993 |pmid=8180733 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00005.x}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]2. ^1 {{cite book |author=Gray SF. |year=1821 |title=A Natural Arrangement of British Plants |publisher=Cradock, and Joy |location=London, UK |page=645 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30087347}} 3. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Hibbett DS, Pine EM, Langer E, Langer G, Donoghue MJ |title=Evolution of gilled mushrooms and puffballs inferred from ribosomal DNA sequences |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=94 |issue=22 |pages=12002–6 |year=1997 |pmid=9342352 |pmc=23683 |doi=10.1073/pnas.94.22.12002 |url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9342352}} 4. ^1 {{cite book |vauthors=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=Dictionary of the Fungi |edition=10th |publisher=CAB International |location=Wallingford, UK |year=2008 |page=18 |isbn=0-85199-826-7}} 5. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Larsson E, Larsson KH |year=2003 |title=Phylogenetic relationships of russuloid basidiomycetes with emphasis on aphyllophoralean taxa |journal=Mycologia |volume=95 |issue=6 |pages=1037–65 |pmid=21149013 |doi=10.2307/3761912}} 6. ^1 {{cite book |vauthors=Pelkonen R, Alfthan G, Järvinen O |title=Element Concentrations in Wild Edible Mushrooms in Finland|publisher=Finnish Environment Institute |location=Helsinki, Finland |date=2008 |pages=32 |isbn=978-952-11-3153-0 |url=https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/38380/FE_25_2008.pdf |accessdate=2009-02-20}} 7. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Pouzar Z. |year=1966 |title=Studies in the Taxonomy of the Polypores II |journal=Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=356–75 |doi=10.1007/BF02854587}} 8. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Ryman S, Fransson P, Johannesson H, Danell E |title=Albatrellus citrinus sp. nov., connected to Picea abies on lime rich soils |journal=Mycological Research |year=2003 |volume=107 |issue=10 |pages=1243–6 |doi=10.1017/S0953756203008359 |pmid=14635772}} 9. ^1 {{cite book |author=Ryvarden L |authorlink=Leif Ryvarden |author2=Gilbertson RL. |title=North American Polypores |publisher=Fungiflora |location=Oslo, Norway |year=1986 |pages= |isbn=0-945345-06-2}} 10. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Teixera AR. |title=Chave para identificação dos gêneros de Polyporaceae com base na morfologia dobasidiocarpo |journal=Boletim do Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo |year=1993 |volume=8 |pages=1–55 |language=Portuguese}} 11. ^1 {{cite journal |title=Albatrellus Gray |url=http://www.mycobank.org/BioloMICS.aspx?Table=Mycobank&Rec=56027&Fields=All |publisher=MycoBank. International Mycological Association |accessdate=2013-01-27}} 12. ^1 {{cite journal |vauthors=Zheng HD, Liu PG |title=Additions to our knowledge of the genus Albatrellus (Basidiomycota) in China |journal=Fungal Diversity |year=2008 |volume=32 |pages=157–70 |url=http://www.fungaldiversity.org/fdp/sfdp/32-9.pdf |format=PDF}} }} See alsoExtensive comparative discussion of some species at Albatrellus subrubescens {{Taxonbar|from=Q1073187}} 2 : Russulales|Russulales genera |
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