| 词条 | Al-Kumayt ibn Zayd al-Asadi |
| 释义 |
al-Kumayt ibn Zayd al-Asadi (679/680 – 743 AD) was an Arabian poet from Kufa that used the language of the Bedouins to write poems in praise of the Umayyads, as well as 'Ali and his family.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} He was a schoolteacher at a local mosque until he was encouraged to write poetry instead. He wrote several series of poems including: his Mudhahhaba, his Malhama, and, arguably his most famous series, the Hāshimīyyāt or Hashirrnyyst. al-Kumayt was imprisoned by the caliph for his writings and escaped through the help of his wife.[1] He later received a pardon from the caliph and was allowed to return to Kufa. While going to recite a poem, al-Kumayt was attacked by his Yemeni guards and killed. It is believed that the Hāshimīyyāt and it’s supposedly pro-‘Alid poetry led to his assassination.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} While much of his poetry is controversial, it is generally not disputed that he wrote well of both the 'Alids and the Umayyads.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} His poems, the Hashirrnyyst, have been edited by J. Horovitz (Leiden, 1904). An account of him is contained in the Kitab ul-Aghani, xv.113-130.[1] Criticismal-Kumayt's poetry has been the subject of critical analysis by his contemporaries and modern scholars. Below are some of things that have been said of his poetry:
ControversyThere is controversy surrounding al-Kumayt and if his sympathies lay with ‘Ali and his family or the Umayyads. An article by W. F. Madelung suggests that al-Kumayt was not praising the family of the Prophet specifically, but rather the Banu Hashim as a whole. He believes that al-Kumayt wanted the caliphate to be given to the Banu Hashim, but not necessarily the family of the Prophet. He says that, “The Hashimite imam for whose advent [al-Kumayt] was praying need not be a descendant of ‘Ali” (Madelung 9). On the other hand, Horovitz in the Encyclopedia of Islam suggests that al-Kumayt is clearly praising ‘Ali and his family. He says, “he came under the influence of the S̲h̲īʿi tendencies of his native town and these had a decisive effect on the direction that his career was to take, inspiring him with violently pro-ʿAlid opinions.” Later, Horovitz sums up his belief that al-Kumayt had conflicting poetry by saying, “[al-Kumayt] was capable of composing eulogies simultaneously to the 'Alids and the Umayyads.” Sources1. ^1 {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Kumait Ibn Zaid |volume=15 |page=945 |first=Griffithes Wheeler |last=Thatcher}} 2. ^Van Gelder 98 3. ^Van Gelder 99 4. ^Van Gelder 99 5. ^Van Gelder 100
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