| 词条 | Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy |
| 释义 |
| type = Antipope | honorific-prefix= | name = Felix V | honorific-suffix= | title = | image = Nuremberg chronicles f 242v 2 (Felix V).jpg | caption = Antipope Felix V, the last historical Antipope. | enthroned = 5 November 1439 | ended = 7 April 1449 | predecessor = | successor = | opposed = Eugene IV and Nicholas V | ordination = | consecration = | other_post = | birth_name = Amadeus VIII | birth_date = 4 September 1383 | birth_place = Chambéry | death_date = {{dda|df=y|1451|1|7|1383|9|4}} | death_place = | buried = | nationality = | religion = | residence = | parents = Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy and Bonne of Berry | spouse = | children = | alma_mater = | signature = | other = Felix | coat_of_arms = C o a Felice V (antipapa).svg }} Amadeus VIII (4 September 1383 – 7 January 1451) was a Savoyard nobleman, the son of Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy and Bonne of Berry. He was surnamed the Peaceful. After the death of his father in 1391, his mother acted as a regent, because of his youth. He was an antipope of the Catholic Church from 1439 to 1449 as Felix V, in opposition to Popes Eugene IV and Nicholas V. LifeBorn at Chambéry, he was the Count of Savoy from 1391 to 1416 and was elevated by Emperor Sigismund to Duke of Savoy in 1416. In 1418 his distant cousin Louis of Piedmont, his brother-in-law, the last male of the elder branch of House of Savoy, died, leaving Amadeus as his heir-general, thus finally uniting the male-lines of the House of Savoy. Election as anti-popeAmadeus increased his dominions and encouraged several attempts to negotiate an end to the Hundred Years' War. After the death of his wife, he founded the Order of Saint Maurice with six other knights (1434).{{sfn|Pinder|2002|p=44}} They lived alone in the castle of Ripaille, near Geneva, in a quasi-monastic state. Amadeus was elected at Basel as pope Felix V in opposition to Pope Eugene IV, by the Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence and reigned from November 1439 to April 1449.{{sfn|Decaluwe|Izbicki|Christianson|2017|p=443}} He resigned as duke in favour of his son in 1440. He stepped down to accept a Cardinal's hat. Amadeus' image in history is marred by the account of him as a pontiff concerned with money, to avoid disadvantaging his heirs, found in the Commentaries of Pius II. Nor is there evidence that he intrigued to obtain the papal office, sending the bishops of Savoy to Basel for this purpose. (Note on numbering: When numbering of the Popes began to be used, Antipope Felix II was counted as one of the Popes of that name. The second true Pope Felix is thus known by the number III, and the third true Pope Felix was given the number IV. It also affected the name taken by Amadeus, who would have been the fourth Pope Felix.) FamilyHe married Mary of Burgundy (1386–1422), daughter of Philip the Bold,{{sfn|Vaughan|2005|p=53}} Duke of Burgundy and granddaughter of John II of France. They had nine children:
Ancestors{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Antipope Felix V |2= 2. Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy |3= 3. Bonne of Berry |4= 4. Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy |5= 5. Bonne of Bourbon |6= 6. John, Duke of Berry |7= 7. Joan of Armagnac |8= 8. Aimone, Count of Savoy |9= 9. Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat |10= 10. Peter I, Duke of Bourbon |11= 11. Isabella of Valois |12= 12. John II of France |13= 13. Bonne of Luxembourg |14= 14. John I, Count of Armagnac |15= 15. Beatrice of Clermont |16= 16. Amadeus V, Count of Savoy |17= 17. Sybille of Bâgé |18= 18. Theodore I, Marquess of Montferrat |19= 19. Argentina Spinola |20= 20. Louis I, Duke of Bourbon |21= 21. Mary of Avesnes |22= 22. Charles, Count of Valois |23= 23. Mahaut of Châtillon |24= 24. Philip VI of France |25= 25. Joan the Lame |26= 26. John of Bohemia |27= 27. Elizabeth of Bohemia |28= 28. Bernard VI, Count of Armagnac |29= 29. Cecilia Rodez |30= 30. John of Charolais |31= 31. Jeanne d'Argies }} See also
| background = #E0B0FF | type = Papal | name = Antipope Felix V | image = C o a Felice V (antipapa).svg | size = 75px | reference = His Holiness | spoken = Your Holiness | religious = Holy Father | posthumous = None }} ReferencesSources
External links
| years = 1416–1440 }}{{s-aft| after = Louis, Duke of Savoy }}{{s-bef| before = Amadeus VII }}{{s-ttl| title = Count of Savoy | years = 1391–1416 }}{{s-non|reason=County elevated to Duchy}}{{end box}}{{Counts of Savoy}}{{Dukes of Savoy}}{{Antipopes}}{{Navboxes |list={{Catholicism}}{{History of the Roman Catholic Church}} }}{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Christianity |portal3= Rome}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Amadeus 8, Savoy}} 16 : 1383 births|1451 deaths|Princes of Savoy|People from Chambéry|Counts of Geneva|Dukes of Savoy|Counts of Savoy|Monarchs who abdicated|Antipopes|Italian cardinals|Cardinal-bishops of Sabina|Medieval child rulers|Deans of the College of Cardinals|15th-century antipopes|15th-century cardinals|People excommunicated by the Catholic Church |
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