| 词条 | Amorpha canescens |
| 释义 |
| name = Leadplant | image = Amorpha Canescens.jpg | image_caption = Inflorescence | regnum = Plantae | unranked_divisio = Angiosperms | unranked_classis = Eudicots | unranked_ordo = Rosids | ordo = Fabales | familia = Fabaceae | genus = Amorpha | species = A. canescens | binomial = Amorpha canescens | binomial_authority = Pursh | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | synonyms = *Amorpha brachycarpa E.J.Palmer
}}Amorpha canescens, known as leadplant, downy indigo bush, prairie shoestring, or buffalo bellows, is a small, perennial semi-shrub in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to North America.[1][2] It has very small purple flowers with yellow stamens[3] which are grouped in racemes.[4] Depending on location, the flowers bloom from late June through mid-September.[5][3] The compound leaves of this plant appear leaden[4] (the reason for the common name "leadplant"[3]) due to their dense hairiness. The roots can grow up to {{convert|5|m|abbr=on}} deep and can spread up to {{convert|1|m}} radially.[2] This plant can be found growing in well drained soils of prairies, bluffs, and open woodlands.[4] AppearanceTypically between {{convert|0.3|–|1|m|abbr=on}} tall, leadplant can be identified by its small purple flowers grouped in long spikes and its grey-green leaflets that are alternate and pinnately compound.[6] The plant produces fruits in the form of hairy legumes each with one seed inside. The flower and leafing pattern is similar to Amorpha fruticosa, however, A. canescens typically only grows to be {{convert|1|meter|sp=us}} high and prefers drier habitats whereas A. fruticosa can grow to be {{convert|5|or|6|meters|sp=us}} high and lives in wetter areas. UsesLeadplant is used for a variety of different purposes. indigenous peoples such as the Oglala use the plant for medicinal purposes.[7][1] Some indigenous tribes believed that the plant could aide in treating pinworms, eczema, rheumatism, neuralgia, open wounds, and cuts. The leaves of the plant were also used to make a tea and as a smoking mixture when dried, crushed and combined with buffalo fat.[7][8] It is also provides many benefits to the ecosystems it is a part of, for example it provides valuable nutrition for grazing animals and helps prevent soil erosion.[9][2] Leadplant may also be used in landscaping and gardening purposes due to its nitrogen fixing qualities and ability to help prevent erosion.[18] Its nodulated roots are filled with nitrogen fixing bacteria which is needed for plants to grow.[18] TaxonomyAmorpha canescens was described by Frederick Pursh in 1814. Amorpha canescens falls under Papilionoideae subfamily of the Fabaceae family.[5] The specific epithet "canescens" is a botanical Latin term meaning "becoming grey".[10] There have been further delineation beyond species of Amorpha canescens into distinct variants (such as the A. canescens var. glabrata) based on the amount of hairs and color of the leaves, however this further distinction is not typically accepted due to the wide variation in pubescence of the plant.[5]Where to find itAmorpha canescens can be found in many locations throughout North America, ranging from southern parts of Canada to the northern edge of Mexico and spanning east from Montana to Michigan.[1] Leadplant is typically found in dry prairie and savanna communities[11][2] Leadplant prefers drier, well-drained soil of many different textures including sandy, gravely, and rocky soils.[12] Finding leadplant indicates minimal live-stock grazing and well-kept land that is not overgrown or that has experienced regular fire.[1][13]References1. ^1 2 3 Casey, P. A. 2011. Plant Fact Sheet for leadplant (Amorpha canescens). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Manhattan Plant Materials Center. Manhattan, Kansas. 2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal|last=Slagle|first=Malinda W.|last2=Hendrix|first2=Stephen D.|date=2009-10-01|title=Reproduction of Amorpha canescens (Fabaceae) and diversity of its bee community in a fragmented landscape|journal=Oecologia|language=en|volume=161|issue=4|pages=813–823|doi=10.1007/s00442-009-1429-3|pmid=19707794|issn=0029-8549}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=Tallgrass prairie restoration in the Midwestern and Eastern United States : A hands-on guide|date=2011|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4419-7426-6|location=New York|pages=154–155|last1=Gardner|first1=Harold W.}} 4. ^1 2 {{NPIN|AMCA6|Amorpha canescens |access-date=2010-03-26}} 5. ^1 2 Penskar, M.R. 2008. Special Plant Abstract for leadplant (Amorpha canescens). Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Lansing, MI. 4 pp. 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Lis|first=Anna|last2=Adamczewska|first2=Anna|last3=Banaszczak|first3=Piotr|date=2014-01-01|title=Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Amorpha canescens Pursh|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jos/63/12/63_ess14152/_article|journal=Journal of Oleo Science|volume=63|issue=12|pages=1269–1274|doi=10.5650/jos.ess14152}} 7. ^1 Species account from Native American Ethnobotany (University of Michigan - Dearborn) Retrieved 2010-03-26 8. ^Gilmore MR (1919) Uses of plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region. Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 33, 1-126. 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Hickman|first=Karen R.|last2=Hartnett|first2=David C.|date=2002-03-01|title=Effects of grazing intensity on growth, reproduction, and abundance of three palatable forbs in Kansas tallgrass prairie|journal=Plant Ecology|language=en|volume=159|issue=1|pages=23–33|doi=10.1023/A:1015534721939|issn=1385-0237}} 10. ^NPWRC :: Leadplants (Amorpha canescens) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100727045850/http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/plants/wildflwr/species/amorcane.htm|date=July 27, 2010}} Retrieved 2010-03-26. 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,4570,7-153-10370_12146_12211-36376--,00.html|title=DNR - Lead Plant or Prairie Shoestring (Amorpha canescens)|website=www.michigan.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-04-19}} 12. ^1 2 {{EOL|642105|Amorpha canescens |access-date=2017-04-19}} 13. ^{{Cite journal|last=Gibson|first=David J.|date=1988-01-01|title=Regeneration and Fluctuation of Tallgrass Prairie Vegetation in Response to Burning Frequency|jstor=2996561|journal=Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club|volume=115|issue=1|pages=1–12|doi=10.2307/2996561}} External links{{Commons}}
9 : Amorpheae|Flora of the North-Central United States|Flora of the Plains-Midwest (United States)|Flora of the South-Central United States|Flora of the Great Plains (North America)|Flora of the Canadian Prairies|Plants described in 1814|Taxa named by Frederick Traugott Pursh|Plants used in traditional Native American medicine |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。