| 词条 | Grand Canyon University |
| 释义 |
|name = Grand Canyon University |caption = |motto = Find Your Purpose |established = 1949 |type = Private |president = Brian Mueller |students = 20,500 (on-campus) 70,000 (on-line) 90,500 (total)[1][2] |city = Phoenix |state = Arizona |country = United States |campus = Urban {{convert|255|acre|km2}}[3] |former_names = Grand Canyon College |free_label = Newspaper |free = GCU Today |athletics = NCAA Division I WAC, MPSF |nickname = Antelopes ("Lopes") |mascot = Thunder the Antelope |website = {{url|www.gcu.edu}} |logo = |image_name = GCU-SEAL.png |image_size = 160px |religious_affiliation = Evangelical Christian |staff = 1,600 |colors = Purple, black, white[4] {{color box|#522398}} {{color box|#000000}} {{color box|#FFFFFF}} |affiliations = }}Grand Canyon University (GCU or Grand Canyon) is a private, non-profit, Christian university in Phoenix, Arizona. Based on student enrollment, Grand Canyon University is currently the largest Christian university in the world.[5] Grand Canyon was established by the Arizona Southern Baptist Convention on August 1, 1949, in Prescott, Arizona as Grand Canyon College.[6] In 2000, the university ended its affiliation with the Southern Baptist Convention.[7] Suffering financial and other difficulties in the early part of the 21st century, the school's trustees authorized its sale in January 2004 to California-based Significant Education, LLC,[8] making it the first for-profit Christian college in the United States.[9] Following that purchase, the university became the first and only for-profit to participate in NCAA Division I athletics.[10] In 2018, the university received approval from its accreditors to return to non-profit status, which became official on July 1, 2018.[11] Although the educational arm of the college is non-profit it still directly operates alongside the for-profit Grand Canyon Education Inc that bundles services for the university to operate. The university president, Brian Meuller, also serves as the CEO of Grand Canyon Education Inc.[12][13] The university offers various programs through its nine colleges including doctoral studies, business, education, fine arts and production, humanities and social sciences, nursing and health care professions, science, theology, engineering and technology.[14] HistoryFoundingThe college was founded as a nonprofit institution in 1949 in Prescott. Arizona Southern Baptists felt the need to establish a faith-based institution that would allow local Baptists the opportunity to obtain a bachelor's or master's degree without going east to one of the Baptist colleges in Texas or Oklahoma. On October 8, 1951, Grand Canyon College relocated to its current location in Phoenix.[15] In 1984, the college's trustees voted to transition the college to a university for the 40th anniversary of the school in 1989, at which time it also changed governance from the Southern Baptist Convention to the GCU Board of Trustees.[15] Restructuring/conversion to for-profitSuffering financial and other difficulties in the early part of the 21st century, the school's trustees authorized its sale in January 2004 to California-based Significant Education, LLC,[8] making it the first for-profit Christian college in the United States.[9] Significant Education traded on NASDAQ under the ticker symbol "LOPE." After the infusion of capital, Grand Canyon University's size increased. After having fewer than 1,000 students enrolled in 2008, the university had 17,500 students in the spring of 2017.[16] {{as of|2015}}, an economic impact study revealed that the university adds about $1 billion into the state's economy on a yearly basis.[17] In February 2017, Arizona Governor Doug Ducey said that the neighborhoods surrounding the university have experienced a 30% increase in housing values while concurrently seeing a 30% decrease in crime rates.[18] The federal government sued the college in 2008 for violating the Department of Education's "incentive compensation ban", which states that no school that accepts federal financial aid can compensate its enrollment counselors based on their enrollment numbers. The school settled the case and paid $5.2 million to a former employee and the federal government.[19] Return to non-profit statusIn fall 2014 the school announced the exploration of a return to non-profit status.[23] Grand Canyon's regional accreditation body, The Higher Learning Commission (HLC), rejected the university's petition for conversion to non-profit status in 2016, stating that the school's proposed strategy, particularly its plan to outsource some of its activities (such as curriculum development and student support services) to outside vendors, did not meet the criteria for "such a conversion".[20][21][22] In 2018, the university submitted another application to HLC to change to non-profit status.[23] This second application was accepted, and GCU completed its return to being a non-profit institution on July 1, 2018.[24][25] CampusesIn 2006, the college spent US$150 million to renovate the campus, adding a brick promenade, an aquatics center, with pool and hot tub, and a café offering an assortment of games and big-screen televisions.[26] In 2009, Grand Canyon University's campus began work on a $60 million campus expansion project which includes a 500-bed dormitory, a {{convert|55,000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} fitness and recreation center, 125-classroom facility, food court and bowling alley,[27] and a 5000-seat arena. The GCU Arena, which opened on September 2, 2011,[28] is used for concerts, speakers, and other events. The arena is also home to the college's men's and women's basketball teams, and women's volleyball games.[29] The arena was expanded to 7,000 seats with construction beginning in spring 2014 and concluding in August of the same year.[30][31] Grand Canyon University offers several fast food restaurants, coffee shops, student union, cafeteria, video game room, and six-lane bowling alley for student recreation.[32] In August 2016, the university announced it was establishing a campus police department employing a 177-member police force.[33] GCU gained widespread attention in August 2016 when it announced its 10 in 2 initiative, the building of 10 on-campus athletic facilities in a two-year span. Highlights of the project included brand new facilities for the university's soccer, baseball, softball, tennis and beach volleyball programs. It also included a sports medicine expansion, an equipment room expansion, practice facilities for the basketball and golf programs, and a student-athlete academic center.[34] In August 2017, Grand Canyon's Phoenix campus was ranked as one of the 10 Best College Campuses Across America by Town & Country.[35] AcademicsGrand Canyon University offers over 200 bachelor's, master's and doctoral degree programs through its nine colleges.[36]
In August 2016, the university announced that it was opening a seminary.[41] In April 2017, Arizona nursing board officials censured GCU after the school's nursing programs fell below 80% graduation rate for two consecutive years. GCU said it would implement a plan to increase graduation rates.[37] Three months later, the nursing board announced it was pleased with the "tremendous improvements" the university had shown to addressing all concerns.[38] In the second quarter of 2018, Grand Canyon University's nursing students posted a 95.65 percent first-time pass rate on the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX). This leads to a year-to-date rate of 92.86 percent, which is higher than the Arizona Board of Nursing's year-to-date statewide average of 91.89.[39] Grand Canyon University's academic workers include 335 full-time workers and more than 4200 adjunct faculty.[40] GCU has a graduation rate of 41%, below the national average.[41] Athletics{{main|Grand Canyon Antelopes}}{{see also|Western Athletic Conference}}Grand Canyon University is currently a member of NCAA Division I with most sports participating in the Western Athletic Conference. Men's Volleyball competes in the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation and Beach Volleyball competes independently. In March 2013, former Phoenix Suns shooting guard Dan Majerle was hired as the 13th men's basketball coach. Majerle oversaw GCU's transition into NCAA Division I basketball in the WAC. On August 23, 2017, the NCAA officially approved Grand Canyon's move to Division I, elevating the university to active membership status. GCU immediately became eligible for postseason competition.[42] Recognition, ranking, statistics, and accreditationGrand Canyon University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission (HLC). According to the HLC, Grand Canyon College entered candidacy for accreditation in 1961. By 1968 the school was regionally accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and remains accredited, successfully renewing its 10-year comprehensive evaluation in 2017.[43] GCU also holds additional accreditations from the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP), the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE), the Arizona State Board of Educations, and the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE). The university teachers and administrator preparation programs are approved by the Arizona Department of Education.[44] In autumn 2015, GCU admitted 58 percent of those applying.[50] The freshman retention rate is 61 percent.[50] It falls into the category of National Universities, wherein it was classified in the 2017 Best Colleges from U.S. News, as a Tier 2 institution (meaning its ranking placed it in the bottom 25 percent of institutions in its category).[45] GCU was recognized as a top-five online school for entrepreneurs by Fortune.[46] ControversiesIn 2008, Grand Canyon was sued by the United States federal government for violating the Department of Education's incentive compensation ban. GCU eventually reached a settlement in the case, and was forced to pay a multiple million dollar fine to a former employee and the federal government.[47] In 2018, Grand Canyon's nursing program was censured by the Arizona State Board of Nursing over test passage rates. The censure came due to the amount of first time students failing to pass the registered nursing exam and after numerous complaints by students and faculty.[48] Arizona State University refused to play games against GCU in any sport, even though they are only 16 miles apart, due to GCU's for-profit status and GCU only focusing on raising stock prices.[49][50]Grand Canyon University was alleged to switch from for-profit status to non-profit status due to its yearly $9.2 million property tax bill. Numerous school officials said this was unsustainable and was one of the key reasons a required switch from for-profit to non-profit status was made, to reduce that burden.[51] Some critics of for-profit education still criticize that the relationship between GCU and Grand Canyon Education Inc is too intertwined. A former department of education official notes that no other university in the country has its CEO working for its contractor and itself.[52] Brian Galle, Professor of Law at Georgetown Law, has written extensively about the relationship between the non-profit and for-profit entities and argues that because the non-profit is wholely dependent on the for-profit, the non-profit status should not be allowed.[53] In 2019, GCU banned conservative speaker Ben Shapiro from delivering a speech on-campus, stirring outrage among the community. [54][55] The ban was rescinded later the next week, following additional dialogue between GCU and Shapiro's representatives. Shapiro is scheduled to speak on campus, April 10, 2019.[56] Notable alumni
References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/print-edition/2015/09/25/brian-mueller-is-the-rock-helping-grand-canyon.html |title=Brian Mueller is the rock helping Grand Canyon University roll |publisher=Phoenix Business Journal |date=September 25, 2015 |accessdate=2015-10-15 }} 2. ^{{cite web | author= | title=GCU grad rates hit 58% for traditional students, 65% online | url=https://news.gcu.edu/2018/07/gcu-grad-rates-hit-58-for-traditional-students-65-online/ | publisher=Grand Canyon University | date=July 20, 2018 | accessdate=Sep 13, 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.phoenix.gov/pddsite/Documents/PZ/Z-3-C-10.pdf |title=City of Phoenix Rezoning Staff Report Z-3-C-10-5 |publisher=City of Phoenix Planning and Development Department |accessdate=2019-03-31}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gcu.edu/GCU-Brand-Standards/Color-Palettes.php |title=Brand Standards | Media & Branding | Grand Canyon University |publisher=Grand Canyon University |accessdate=2016-04-17}} 5. ^{{cite web |url= https://religionnews.com/2018/04/27/liberty-university-is-no-longer-the-largest-christian-university/ |title= Liberty University is no longer the largest Christian university|publisher=Religion News Service |date=April 27, 2018 |accessdate=2018-07-15 }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://baptistnews.com/article/recipient-of-free-campus-has-baptist-roots/|title= Recipient of free campus has Baptist roots|publisher= Baptist News Global |date=2012|accessdate=2018-09-21}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://news.gcu.edu/2014/04/one-grand-story-how-gcu-began-rewriting-its-destiny-10-years-ago/amp/|title= One grand story: How GCU began rewriting its destiny 10 years ago|publisher= GCU News Bureau|date=2014|accessdate=2018-09-15 }} 8. ^1 Tammi Reed Ledbetter, Grand Canyon Univ. sold; trustees in advisory role {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225201525/http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=17607 |date=February 25, 2014 }}, Baptist Press, February 10, 2004, Accessed May 24, 2006 9. ^1 Bob Smietana, Christian Ed That Pays Off, Christianity Today, May 19, 2005, Accessed May 11, 2006 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://espn.go.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/9518012/grand-canyon-business-model-causing-stir-division-hoops-college-basketball |title=GCU's for-profit predicament |first=Myron |last=Medcalf |publisher=ESPN.com |date=July 29, 2013 |accessdate=July 29, 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-education/2018/07/02/grand-canyon-university-regains-its-non-profit-status/747376002/|title=It's official: Grand Canyon University has its non-profit status back|publisher=}} 12. ^https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshmoody/2018/07/17/for-profit-giant-goes-nonprofit-amid-questions-and-concerns/#6da18075bbe3 13. ^https://www.chronicle.com/article/Grand-Canyon-U-Isn-t-Just/243826 14. ^{{cite web | author= | title=Majors & Programs | url=https://www.gcu.edu/degree-programs/ | publisher=Grand Canyon University | year=2018 | accessdate=Sep 13, 2018}} 15. ^1 {{cite web | author= | title=History OF GCU | url=https://www.gcu.edu/about-gcu/history-of-gcu.php | publisher=Grand Canyon University | year=2015 | accessdate=August 12, 2016}} 16. ^{{cite news|first=William|last=Everett|url=http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/02/15/grand-canyon-university-expansion-adds-surrounding-area-phoenix-officials-say/97964172/|title=Grand Canyon University expansion has enhanced the area, officials say|work=Arizona Republic |date=February 15, 2017|accessdate=September 9, 2017}} 17. ^{{cite news|first=Ronald|last=Hansen|url=http://www.azcentral.com/story/money/business/2015/01/09/gcu-expansion-worth-estimated-billion-annually/21530519/|title=GCU expansion worth $1 billion yearly|work=Arizona Republic |date=January 9, 2015|accessdate=September 9, 2017}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=https://education.azgovernor.gov/edu/news/2017/02/gcu-27th-avenue-grand-opening-february-15-2017 |title=GCU 27th Avenue Grand Opening - February 15, 2017 |author= |date=Feb 15, 2017 |publisher=Governor’s Office of Education |access-date=Mar 19, 2018}} 19. ^{{cite news|first=Tom|last=Ley|url=http://deadspin.com/5963972/grand-canyon-university-a-for-profit-school-previously-sued-by-the-feds-joins-the-great-scam-of-ncaa-division-i-athletics|title=Grand Canyon University, A For-Profit School Previously Sued By The Feds, Joins The Great Scam Of NCAA Division I Athletics|work=Deadspin|date=Nov 28, 2012|accessdate=Mar 19, 2018}} 20. ^1 {{cite news|first=Jim|last=Cross|url=http://ktar.com/story/946879/grand-canyon-university-denied-switch-to-nonprofit-status/|title=Grand Canyon University Denied Switch to Nonprofit Status|work=KTAR News |date=March 4, 2016|accessdate=August 12, 2016}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.hlcommission.org/download/_PublicDisclosureNotices/Grand%20Canyon%20University%20PDN.pdf|title=Public Disclosure Notice|publisher=}} 22. ^{{cite news|first=Clayton|last=Klapper|url=http://www.abc15.com/news/region-phoenix-metro/central-phoenix/grand-canyon-university-denied-request-to-switch-to-nonprofit-status|title=Grand Canyon University Denied Request to Switch to Nonprofit Status|work=ABC15 Arizona |date=March 4, 2016|accessdate=August 12, 2016}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2018/01/05/grand-canyon-u-tries-again-become-nonprofit |title=Another Shot at Becoming a Nonprofit |author=Ashley A. Smith |publisher=Inside Higher Ed |date=January 5, 2018 |accessdate=January 27, 2018}} 24. ^{{cite news|first=Andy|last=Thomason|url=https://www.chronicle.com/article/On-Its-2nd-Try-Grand-Canyon/242752?cid=at&elqTrackId=d3944760cdbf4b12b810a04f9e6aa035&elq=8caecda480c3420082d8a3796c12b34d&elqaid=18084&elqat=1&elqCampaignId=8053|title=On Its 2nd Try, Grand Canyon U. Gets the Green Light to Become a Nonprofit|work=Chronicle of Higher Education |date=Mar 6, 2018|accessdate=Mar 19, 2018}} 25. ^{{cite news|first=Rachel|last=Leingang|url= https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-education/2018/07/02/grand-canyon-university-regains-its-non-profit-status/747376002/|title= It's official: Grand Canyon University has its non-profit status back |work=AZCentral |date=July 2, 2018|accessdate=August 5, 2018}} 26. ^{{cite news |last=Stanton |first=Alison |date=October 11, 2006 |title=GCU campus receives makeover |url=http://www.azcentral.com/community/phoenix/articles/1011phx-GCUrenovation1004Z3.html |newspaper=Arizona Republic |location= |accessdate=October 11, 2006}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.gcu.edu/2011/09/where-to-eat-new-campus-options-already-popular/ |title=Where to Eat? New Campus Options Already Popular | GCU Today |publisher=Grand Canyon University |date=September 1, 2011 |accessdate=August 21, 2014}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.gcu.edu/2011/09/a-year%E2%80%99s-wait-is-over-welcome-gcu-arena/ |title=A Year’s Wait Is Over: Welcome, GCU Arena! | GCU Today |publisher=Grand Canyon University |date=2011-09-08 |accessdate=August 21, 2014}} 29. ^{{cite news |last=Anderson |first=Craig |date=March 23, 2010 |title=GCU begins expansion of campus in Phoenix |url=http://www.azcentral.com/business/articles/2010/03/23/20100323grand-canyon-univ-expand-phoenix.html |newspaper=Arizona Republic |location= |access-date=May 13, 2010}} 30. ^{{cite web|author=Bob McClay |url=http://ktar.com/22/1685113/GCU-to-expand-seating-at-new-arena |title=GCU to expand seating at new arena |publisher=ktar.com |date= |accessdate=August 21, 2014}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.gcu.edu/2014/08/done-expanded-arena-ready-unveiled/|title=Done! Arena is ready for its unveiling - GCU Today|author=|date=August 13, 2014|work=GCU.edu|access-date=March 21, 2017}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.gcu.edu/future-students/campus-experience/student-life.php|title=GCU Student Life|access-date=February 12, 2017}} 33. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.gcu.edu/2016/08/gcu-now-has-own-police-force|title=GCU now has its own police force|publisher=Grand Canyon University|date=August 31, 2016|accessdate=February 12, 2017}} 34. ^{{cite news |date=August 16, 2016 |title=GCU 10 in 2: Sports facilities to get makeovers by 2018 |url=http://www.fox10phoenix.com/news/arizona-news/gcu-10-in-2-sports-facilities-to-get-makeovers-by-2018 |newspaper=FOX 10 Phoenix |location= |access-date=September 9, 2017}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/a11656269/best-college-campuses/ |title=The 10 Best College Campuses Across America |publisher=Town & Country Magazine |date=August 10, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2017}} 36. ^{{cite web | author= | title=Majors & Programs | url=https://www.gcu.edu/degree-programs/ | publisher=Grand Canyon University | year=2015 | accessdate=February 13, 2017}} 37. ^{{cite news|first=Anne |last=Ryman|url=http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2017/04/09/grand-canyon-universitys-rn-program-disciplined-state-nursing-board/99695092/|title=Grand Canyon University's RN program censured by state nursing board|work=Arizona Republic |date=Apr 9, 2017|accessdate=Mar 19, 2018}} 38. ^{{cite news|first=Anne|last=Ryman|url=http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-education/2017/07/26/arizona-nursing-board-grand-canyon-university-nursing-program-improvements/500532001/|title=Arizona nursing board: GCU's RN program has made 'tremendous improvements' since censure|work=Arizona Republic |date=Jul 25, 2017|accessdate=Mar 19, 2018}} 39. ^{{cite web | author=Ryan Kryska | title=Nursing students post stellar licensure exam rating | url=https://news.gcu.edu/2018/07/nursing-students-post-stellar-licensure-exam-rating/ | publisher=Grand Canyon University | date=July 19, 2018 | accessdate=Sep 13, 2018}} 40. ^1 {{cite news|first=Paul|last=Glader|url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/gleanings/2016/august/largest-for-profit-christian-college-to-open-seminary.html|title=Largest For-Profit Christian College to Open Seminary This Fall|work=Christianity Today |date=August 11, 2016|access-date=August 12, 2016}} 41. ^https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?104717-Grand-Canyon-University 42. ^{{cite web|url=http://arizonasports.com/story/1216495/grand-canyon-cleared-d-play-ncaa/ |title=Grand Canyon University cleared for D-I play by NCAA |publisher=Arizona Sports |date=August 23, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2017}} 43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/higher-learning-commission-reaffirms-grand-canyon-university-accreditation-300422557.html |title=Higher Learning Commission Reaffirms Grand Canyon University Accreditation |publisher=PR Newswire |date=March 13, 2017 |accessdate=May 18, 2017}} 44. ^{{cite web | author= | title=Grand Canyon University’s Accreditations | url=https://www.gcu.edu/academics/academic-policies.php | publisher=Grand Canyon University | year=2018 | accessdate=Sep 13, 2018}} 45. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/grand-canyon-university-1074 |title=Grand Canyon University |publisher=U.S. News & World Report |date= |accessdate=August 18, 2017}} 46. ^Top 5 e-schools, Fortune Small Business / CNN 47. ^https://deadspin.com/grand-canyon-university-a-for-profit-school-previously-5963972 48. ^https://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2017/04/10/state-board-censures-grand-canyon-university.html 49. ^http://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/22437323/grand-canyon-only-profit-team-division-is-building-monster-desert 50. ^https://www.azcentral.com/story/sports/college/asu/2017/02/21/should-asu-schedule-games--gcu-grand-canyon-university/97949082/ 51. ^http://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/22437323/grand-canyon-only-profit-team-division-is-building-monster-desert 52. ^https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshmoody/2018/07/17/for-profit-giant-goes-nonprofit-amid-questions-and-concerns/#6da18075bbe3 53. ^{{Cite web|url=https://sites.ed.gov/naciqi/files/2018/05/NACIQI-May-22-written-comments-of-Brian-Galle.pdf|title=Letter to National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity|publisher=ed.gov|date=7 May 2018|accessdate=6 March 2019}} 54. ^https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/phoenix/2019/02/01/gcu-stirs-outcry-after-preventing-right-wing-commentator-ben-shapiro-speech/2749067002/ 55. ^https://www.foxnews.com/us/christian-university-cancels-ben-shapiro-speech-for-campus-unity 56. ^https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona-education/2019/02/07/ben-shapiro-says-he-speak-gcu-ending-week-controversy/2807523002/ 57. ^{{cite web|last1=Peters|first1=Craig|title=Kevin Warren Presented with Inaugural Pioneer Award|url=http://www.vikings.com/news/article-1/Vikings-COO-Kevin-Warren-Presented-with-Inaugural-Pioneer-Award/32652248-959a-483d-9bf9-a31987774c42|publisher=Minnesota Vikings|access-date=February 13, 2017|date=February 4, 2017}} External links{{commons category}}
7 : Grand Canyon University|For-profit universities and colleges in the United States|Educational institutions established in 1949|Companies listed on NASDAQ|1949 establishments in Arizona|Private universities and colleges in Arizona|Universities and colleges in Phoenix, Arizona |
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