| 词条 | Anna Langford |
| 释义 |
| name = Anna Langford | birth_name = Anna Riggs[1] | birth_date ={{birth date|mf=yes|1917|10|27}}[2][3] | birth_place =Springfield, Ohio, U.S. | death_date ={{death date and age|2008|9|17|1917|10|27}} | death_place = Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | caption = | residence = | office = City of Chicago Alderman | term_start = February 23, 1971 | term_end = February 20, 1975 | predecessor = Paul Sheridan[4] | successor = Eloise Barden[5] | term_start2 = February 1983 | term_end2 = January 27, 1991 | predecessor2 = Eloise Barden | successor2 = Shirley Coleman | constituency = 16th Ward | party = Democratic Party | religion = Baptist | occupation = {{hlist|Politician|lawyer}} | spouse = {{marriage|Lawrence R. Langford Sr. |1947|1971|reason=div.}}[6] | children = 1 | alma_mater= Hyde Park Academy High School B.A. Roosevelt University John Marshall Law School | website = }}Anna Langford (née Riggs; October 27, 1917 – September 17, 2008)[3][2] was an American politician and lawyer who served on the Chicago City Council in Chicago, Illinois. Langford became the first African American woman elected to the Chicago City Council in February 1971.[7][8] She ultimately served three nonconsecutive terms on the council.[7] BiographyAnna Langford was born in Springfield, Ohio to an African-American father, Arthur J. Riggs and a white mother, Alice.[3][7] Both of her parents died when she was young. The racial discrimination leading to her mother's death impacted Langford's life and her involvement with the Civil Rights Movement. Her mother, who was white, was taken to an Ohioan hospital while suffering from appendicitis.[7] However, when her children, including Anna, who were biracial, came to visit their sick mother, the hospital immediately ordered her transferred to another hospital for African Americans.[7] Langford's mother suffered a burst appendix while en route to the second hospital and did not survive.[7] Langford moved to Chicago, Illinois to stay with an aunt and uncle after the death of her parents.[3][7] She graduated from Hyde Park High School in 1935[1] and later Roosevelt University.[7] She enrolled at John Marshall Law School and became a lawyer in 1956.[7] Langford became intimately involved in the Civil Rights Movement, both within the Chicago Metropolitan Area and nationwide.[7] Langford met with Martin Luther King Jr. in the living room of her home in 1966 to plan a march on Cicero, Illinois to promote racial integration within the suburb.[7] Langford ran for a seat on the Chicago City Council in 1971 after losing in her first attempt four years earlier.[24] On February 23, 1971, she won and became one of the first two female Chicago aldermen.[7] She was elected to represent the 16th Ward, which encompassed portions of the Back of the Yards, Gage Park and Englewood.[7] Langford lost her re-election bid in 1975.[7] In 1979, her first attempt to regain her old seat failed, but her second attempt, in 1983, succeeded.[7][9] She was re-elected in 1987 and retired from her seat four years later.[9] In the Chicago City Council reorganization of 1988, Anna Langford became Mayor Pro-Tempore of the Council, a post she held from 1988-1991. In the early 1980s, Langford challenged United States Congressman Harold Washington to run for Mayor of Chicago.[7] She reportedly told Washington that she would run for mayor if he didn't, even going as far as having "Langford for Mayor" cards printed to pressure Washington into entering the race.[7] Her persuasion worked; Washington ran for mayor and won in 1983.[7] After Washington's fatal heart attack in 1987, Langford mediated between mayoral hopefuls Aldermen Eugene Sawyer and Timothy C. Evans.[7] Langford ultimately backed Sawyer, who was elected mayor by the Chicago City Council. Langford supported Barack Obama's candidacy for President of the United States during her later life.[7] Anna Langford died of lung cancer on September 17, 2008 at her home in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago at the age of 90.[7] Langford was married once to Lawrence R. Langford from 1947 until divorcing in 1971.[6] Together they had a son, Lawrence (Larry) Langford Jr.,[2] Langford family also included three grandchildren and one great-grandchild at the time of her death.[7] After her death, the Chicago Public Schools re-named Nicholas Copernicus Elementary located in the Englewood neighborhood in her honor, Anna R. Langford Community Academy in 2010.[10] References1. ^1 [https://www.classmates.com/siteui/yearbooks/1000239540?page=49 Hyde Park Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois) 1935 Yearbook] 2. ^1 2 [https://chicagodefender.com/2008/09/17/the-city-rsquo-s-first-black-female-alderman-dies/ Chicago Defender - The City's First Black Female Alderman Dies - September 17, 2008] 3. ^1 2 3 [https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/honorable-anna-langford The HistoryMakers - The Honorable Anna Langford] 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=VegZ4NF-7KEC&pg=PA108&lpg=PA108&dq=sheridan+16th+ward+chicago&source=bl&ots=83FxQZEikJ&sig=ACfU3U3ASlEdl6gU-UUh8ss2HRFLt1EZ4A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi408Knk8zgAhUS84MKHYucCEsQ6AEwFHoECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=sheridan%2016th%20ward%20chicago&f=false Chicago Politics, Ward by Ward - By David K. Fremon] 5. ^[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1988-04-15-8803090031-story.html Chicago tribune - The Longest-Running Show In Town - April 15, 1988] 6. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=ozcDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46&lpg=PA46&dq=anna+langford+husband&source=bl&ots=BSj0aRqLLm&sig=ACfU3U2UZ2FBanb9dDeFG0n0KHfBNzJehw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwij6fjHlczgAhUK2IMKHWecCiwQ6AEwC3oECAIQAQ#v=onepage&q=anna%20langford%20husband&f=false JET Magazine - Husband Campaigned Foe, Woman Lawmaker Charges In Divorce Action - June 10, 1971] 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 {{cite news |first=Lisa|last=Donovan|title=1st black female alderman dies |url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/1171010,CST-NWS-xlangford18.article|work= Chicago Sun-Times |publisher=|date=2008-09-18 |accessdate=2008-10-15}} 8. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=tjcDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA8&dq=anna+r.+langford&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjVhNnejszgAhUs4YMKHSw5CiIQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=anna%20r.%20langford&f=false JET Magazine - 1st Black Woman Elected To Chicago City Council - March 11, 1971] 9. ^1 2 {{cite news |first=Trevor|last=Jensen|title=Civil rights lawyer helped break council gender barrier|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/obituaries/chi-hed-alangford-19-sep19,0,1312154.story |work= Chicago Tribune |publisher=|date=2008-09-19 |accessdate=2008-10-15}} 10. ^[https://www.langfordacademy.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=224923&type=d Anna R. Langford Community Academy - Our History] External links
16 : 1917 births|2008 deaths|Chicago City Council members|American civil rights activists|Activists for African-American civil rights|American civil rights lawyers|Politicians from Springfield, Ohio|Women in Illinois politics|American women lawyers|Deaths from lung cancer|Women city councillors in the United States|African-American women in politics|African-American people in Illinois politics|20th-century American politicians|Activists from Ohio|20th-century American women politicians |
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