| 词条 | Anselm Eckart |
| 释义 |
| name = Anselm Eckart | religion = Society of Jesus | temple = | order = | institute = | church = | other_names = | dharma_names = | monastic_name = | pen_name = | posthumous_name = | nationality = | home_town = | ethnicity = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date|1721|08|04|df=y}} | birth_place = Mainz | death_date = {{death date and age|1809|06|29|1721|08|04|df=y}} | death_place = Polotsk, Polish Russia | alma_mater = | spouse = | children = | parents = | location = | title = | period = | consecration = }}Anselm Eckart (4 August 1721 – 29 June 1809) was a German Jesuit missionary.[1][2] Eckart was born in Mainz, in what is now Germany. Entering the Society of Jesus at nineteen, he was sent as a missionary to Brazil. Two years after his arrival in that country, he and his Jesuit brethren were arrested in the aftermath of the Távora affair and carried to Portugal. There they were kept in prison.[1][2][3] Eckart was confined for eighteen years in the underground dungeons of Almeida and St. Julian. He wrote the story of his own sufferings and those of his companions in prison. Upon the death of Joseph I of Portugal in 1777, the Jesuits' opponent Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, Marquis of Pombal fell into disgrace, and those of his victims who survived were released.[1][2][3][4] The Society of Jesus, which had been suppressed four years earlier by the Brief of Pope Clement XIV, had continued to exist in Russia. Father Eckart applied for readmission, and spent another 32 years in this way in the order. After filling the office of Master of Novices at Dünaburg, he was sent to the College of Polotsk, Polish Russia, where he died aged 87.[1][2][3] References1. ^1 2 3 {{CathEncy|wstitle=Anselm Eckart|volume=5}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Eckart, Anselm}}2. ^1 2 3 {{Catholic|wstitle=Anselm Eckart|volume=5}} 3. ^1 2 Ronnie Po-Chia Hsia, Das Schicksal der Jesuiten aus der Oberdeutschen und den beiden Rheinischen Ordensprovinzen nach ihrer Vertreibung aus den Missionsgebieten des portugiesischen und spanischen Patronats (1755-1809) The Catholic Historical Review 96.1 (2010): 148-149. Project MUSE. Web. 25 Jan. 2013 4. ^Nelson Papavero, Antonio Porro (Hrs.): Anselm Eckart SJ e o Estado do Grao-Pará e Maranhao Setecentista (1785) (= Anselm Eckart SJ und die Staatsprovinz von Groß-Para und Maranhao im 18. Jahrhundert), Museo Goeldi in collaboration with Institut für Mainzer Kirchengeschichte, Belém, 2013, 406 pages, {{ISBN|978-85-61377-73-1}} 11 : 1721 births|1809 deaths|German Jesuits|German Roman Catholic missionaries|Jesuit missionaries|Roman Catholic missionaries in Brazil|German people imprisoned abroad|Prisoners and detainees of Portugal|German expatriates in Brazil|German expatriates in Portugal|German expatriates in the Russian Empire |
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