“Anthropic units”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The term anthropic unit (from Greek anthropos meaning [hu]man) is used with different meanings in archaeology, in measurement and in social studies.

In archaeology

In archaeology anthropic units are strata or deposits of material containing a high proportion of man-made detritus. For example:^[1] {{quotation|"… 'degraded anthropic units', i.e., deposits produced by weathering and decay of fired bricks and mixed fill with non-selected inclusions …"|Massimo Vidale (1990)}}

In measurement

Following the coinage of the term "anthropic principle" by Brandon Carter in 1973–4,^[2] units of measurement that are on a human scale are occasionally referred to as "anthropic units", as for example here:^[3] {{quotation|"… the metre and kilogram occupy a reasonably central position as far as symmetry in positive and negative powers of ten is concerned, emphasising that the SI units are natural anthropic units …"|Brian William Petley (1985)}}

In social studies

In fields of study such as sociology and ethnography, anthropic units are identifiable groupings of people. For example:^[4] {{quotation|"Ethnographers have been accustomed to deal with the 'race', the 'tribe' and the 'nation' as social or anthropic units …"|J. J. Thomson (1896)}}

and:^[5] {{quotation|"... among the more primitive anthropic units it seems a grave ineptitude for the Chukchees not to adopt the snowhouse building complex from the neighboring Eskimos"|Jacob Robert Kantor (1944)}}

See also

References

1. ^Massimo Vidale (1990). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/29756938 Study of the Moneer South East Area A Complex Industrial Site of Moenjodaro]. East and West. Istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente (IsIAO). 40(1/4): 301-314. {{subscription required}}
2. ^Brandon Carter (1974). Large number coincidences and the anthropic principle in cosmology. Confrontation of cosmological theories with observational data; Proceedings of the Symposium, Krakow, Poland, September 10–12, 1973. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing. pp. 291-298.
3. ^Brian William Petley (1985). The fundamental physical constants and the frontier of measurement. Bristol; Boston: A. Hilger. p. 120.
4. ^J. J. Thomson (1896). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1625562 Address by the President to the Mathematical and Physical Section]. Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science. New Series, 4(90): 392-402. {{subscription required}}
5. ^Jacob Robert Kantor (1944 [1929]). An outline of social psychology. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Edwards Brothers. p. 120. Accessed June 2013.