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词条 Antoine Treuille de Beaulieu
释义

  1. Notes

Antoine Hector Thésée Treuille de Beaulieu (7 May 1809 – 24 July 1885) was a French General of the 19th century, who developed the concept of rifled guns in the French Army.[1] He studied the subject of rifling between 1840, particularly in the famous Manufacture d'armes de Châtellerault, and 1852.[2] Following a request by Napoleon III in 1854 to develop such a weapon, the de Beaulieu system was adopted by the French Army. It consisted in cutting six grooves inside the bore of a muzzle-loading cannon, and to use shells equipped with six lugs which would engage the grooves.[3] This development was paralleled by that of the Armstrong gun in Great Britain (adopted in 1858 by the British Army).[3]

These developments led to the introduction of the La Hitte system in 1858, a fully integrated system of muzzle-loading rifled guns. The Beaulieu 4-pounder rifled field-gun was adopted by the French Army in 1858, where it replaced the canon-obusier de 12, a smoothbore cannon using shells which was much less accurate and shorter-ranged.[4]

The Beaulieu rifled artillery was first used in Algeria, and then in the Franco-Austrian War in Italy in 1859.[5]

Notes

1. ^A Dictionary of Military History and the Art of War by André Corvisier, p.44 [https://books.google.com/books?id=nEQ7FUAdmc8C&pg=PA44&dq=Beaulieu+rifled+gun+1858]
2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=JW8KAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA617&dq=Beaulieu+rifled+gun+1858 Journal By Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), p.617]
3. ^A Dictionary of Military History and the Art of War by André Corvisier, p.45 [https://books.google.com/books?id=nEQ7FUAdmc8C&pg=PA45&dq=Beaulieu+rifled+gun+1858]
4. ^"...the introduction by the French army of the Beaulieu 4-pounder rifled field-gun in 1858: the new artillery, though much more accurate and long-ranged than the smoothbore 'canon-obusier' it replaced (which, incidentally, was the most prevalent artillery piece of the US Civil War), was not suited to firing anti-personnel case-shot (which, in French, is called 'mitraille')." in The Mitrailleuse by Dr. Patrick Marder Military History Online
5. ^"Beaulieu rifled artillery was first tentatively used in Algeria but received great acclaim only during the Italian War of 1859." in The Bloody Crucible of Courage by Brent Nosworthy p.644
{{Groundbreaking French weapons of the 19th century}}{{Artillery of France}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Beaulieu, Antoine Treuille De}}

5 : École Polytechnique alumni|French generals|1809 births|1885 deaths|People from Lunéville

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