| 词条 | Ap4A |
| 释义 |
| ImageFile = Diadenosine tetraphosphate.svg | ImageSize = 250px | IUPACName = [[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-Aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate | OtherNames = Diadenosine tetraphosphate; 5',5'''-Diadenosine tetraphosphate; AppppA | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 5542-28-9 | PubChem = 21706 | SMILES = C1=NC2=C(C(=N1)N)N=CN2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OC[C@@H]4[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O4)N5C=NC6=C5N=CN=C6N)O)O)O)O | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | C=20|H=28|N=10|O=19|P=4 | Appearance = | Density = | MeltingPt = | BoilingPt = | Solubility = | Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | FlashPt = | AutoignitionPt = }}Diadenosine tetraphosphate or Ap4A is a putative alarmone, ubiquitous in nature being common to everything from bacteria to humans. Adenosine polyphosphates are capable of inducing multiple physiological effects.[1] The molecule's role as a second messenger has recently been discovered in The LysRS-Ap4A-MITF signaling pathway.[2]Myxococcus xanthus is a type of Gram-negative bacteria, and M. xanthus lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysS) is an enzyme from the bacteria that synthesizes diadenosine tetraphosphates (Ap4A) when adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is present. Diadenosine pentaphosphate (Ap5A) is synthesized from Ap4A with ATP.[3] References1. ^{{Cite journal |year=2004 |title=Endogenous diadenosine tetraphosphate, diadenosine pentaphosphate, and diadenosine hexaphosphate in human myocardial tissue. |journal=Hypertension |volume=43 |issue=5 |pages=1055–9 |doi=10.1161/01.hyp.0000126110.46402.dd |pmid=15066958|last1=Luo |first1=Jiankai |last2=Jankowski |first2=Vera |last3=GüNgär |first3=Nihayrt |last4=Neumann |first4=Joachim |last5=Schmitz |first5=Wilhelm |last6=Zidek |first6=Walter |last7=SchlüTer |first7=Hartmut |last8=Jankowski |first8=Joachim }} 2. ^*{{Cite journal |date=April 2004 |title=The function of lysyl-tRNA synthetase and Ap4A as signaling regulators of MITF activity in FcepsilonRI-activated mast cells. |journal=Immunity |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=145–51 |doi=10.1016/S1074-7613(04)00020-2 |pmid=14975237|last1=Lee |first1=Yu-Nee |last2=Nechushtan |first2=Hovav |last3=Figov |first3=Navah |last4=Razin |first4=Ehud }} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Kimura|first=Yoshio|last2=Tanaka|first2=Chihiro|last3=Oka|first3=Manami|date=July 2018|title=Identification of Major Enzymes Involved in the Synthesis of Diadenosine Tetraphosphate and/or Adenosine Tetraphosphate in Myxococcus xanthus|journal=Current Microbiology|volume=75|issue=7|pages=811–817|doi=10.1007/s00284-018-1452-x|issn=1432-0991|pmid=29468302}} 2 : RNA|Nucleotides |
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