词条 | APC III | ||||||||||||
释义 |
The APC III (Advanced Personal Computer) was released by NEC in 1984.[1] An update on the NEC APC II, which replaced the original NEC APC from the early 1980s, all the NEC APC models utilized the Intel 8086 processor with a 16-bit memory bus, unlike the IBM-PC and clones, which relied on the 8-bit bus of the Intel 8088 processor. It was advertised to business users. Specification
OverviewThe unit was physically smaller than an IBM-PC. The compact case included two 5{{fraction|1|4}}" half-height disks (two floppies or one floppy and one hard disk), and space for standard options (hard disk controller, additional video memory). Special options (including additional system memory) required using expansion slots, of which four were available. C-bus expansion cards (PCBs) could be inserted without removal of the exterior case, as was required for the IBM PC.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} The entire computer could be disassembled to functional blocks (e.g.: expansion card cage, power supply, disk drive cage) with removal of a few easy access screws. Other components didn't even need a screwdriver, except for the outer case, by using robust plastic clips. The disk cage could be further disassembled if required. {{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} As with the IBM PC, the maximum usable memory was 640 KB (the address range of the Intel 8088 and 8086 is 1 MB). The APC came with 128 KB standard. InterfacesRS-232 serial, 'Centronics' parallel and video interfaces were built onto the motherboard, whereas expansion cards were required for almost every function of an IBM PC except for the CPU, BIOS and built-in RAM. {{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} DisplayMaximum display capabilities were a text mode of 80×25 characters (with four planes) and/or graphics at 640×400 pixels (with two planes).[2] Either text, graphics, or graphics with text overlay were software selectable. The base one bit-per-pixel{{citation needed|date=September 2012}} was easily upgradeable to three bits per pixel (taking the graphics mode from monochrome to either eight colours or eight shades of grey). The computer was capable of running monochrome (or grey) through an NTSC TV monitor, although this was not recommended (text reduced to 40×20, graphics to 640×200). Monochrome (usually green) or color screens were usually included in the price. The APC III's 'on-board' video controller meant that upgrades (other than internally mounted video memory) could not be achieved, and the display was stuck at 640×400×3. The NEC APC series supported a proprietary NEC APC character set and user-definable fonts in text mode.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} Expansion busThe expansion bus supported 16-bit-wide data and 20-bit-wide address capability. The original IBM supported an 8-bit data bus with 20-bit address, which was later revised to 16 data bits and 24 address bits in the PC AT. The motherboard was designed to allow easy addition of an 8087 math co-processor.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} Disk drivesMost Australian units were shipped with 720 KB floppy disk drives (80 track, double density), although specifications imply the drives were only 360 KB[3] (40 track, DD). 360 KB disks were readable and writeable by 'double-stepping' the 720 KB drives. Users could also purchase a hard disk expansion option. This was initially limited to the 10 MB ST-506 hard disks. This capacity could be increased to 20 MB (but no higher) after upgrading to MS-DOS 3.1.[4] The hard disk controller was only configured to operate a single internal hard disk. An external hard disk expansion port was available, but compatible external hard disks were never produced.{{Citation needed|date=December 2008}} Operating systemsShipped standard with MS-DOS 2.11, other operating systems were available, such as the Unix derivative, PC-UX. Later, MS DOS 3.1 was released for the APC.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}} CompatibilityThe APC III was not fully compatible with the IBM-PC, either on a hardware level (although some parts were compatible), or a software level (although again, some software was compatible). The earlier penetration of the market saw PC clones adopt the IBM PC architecture. In the export markets, NEC fell into line with the 16-bit IBM-AT architecture and did not pursue the APC-III architecture any further. See also
References1. ^{{Cite news|title=日電、パソコンの対米輸出に本腰、ソフトは現地社から、TVなどで大規模宣伝も。|date=1984-07-09|publisher=日本経済新聞社|newspaper=日本経済新聞 (The Nikkei)|page=11|language=ja|trans-title=NEC is now committed to breaking into the U.S. with their PC . Its software will be available from the U.S. subsidiary and the advert will be broadcast widely.|quote=NEC has released the APC-3 in the United States. Its features are similar to the PC-9800 series.}} 2. ^"APC-III System Reference Guide, Section 4 (Display Controllers)", NEC Information Systems March 1985 3. ^"APC-III System Reference Guide, Section 1 (Hardware Overview)", NEC Information Systems March 1985 4. ^"APC-III System Reference Guide, Section 2 (System Board) Figure 2.21 (hand-written notes)", NEC Information Systems March 1985 Further reading
External links
1 : NEC personal computers |
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