| 词条 | Aphyllorchis |
| 释义 |
| name = Pauper orchids | image = 8743-Aphyllorchis montana-Gunung Kemiri.jpg | image_caption = Aphyllorchis montana in the Gunung Leuser National Park | display_parents = 3 | taxon = Aphyllorchis | authority = Blume[1] | type_species = Aphyllorchis pallida | type_species_authority = Blume | synonyms = Sinorchis S.C.Chen | synonyms_ref = [1] }} Aphyllorchis, commonly known as pauper orchids[2] or as 无叶兰属 (wu ye lan shu),[3] is a genus of about twenty species of terrestrial leafless orchids in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus have fleshy, upright stems and small to medium-sized resupinate flowers with narrow sepals and petals. They are native to a region extending from India east to China and Japan, south to Indonesia, New Guinea and Queensland. DescriptionOrchids in the genus Aphyllorchis are leafless, terrestrial, mycotrophic herbs. A few to many flowers are borne on an erect, usually fleshy, unbranched flowering stem. The flowers are resupinate, more or less cup-shaped with the sepals and petals free from each other and similar in length but with the dorsal sepal curving forwards. The labellum is larger than the sepals and petals, boat-shaped and divided into two main sections, an upper "epichile" and lower "hypochile". The epichile is attached to the base of the column and the hypochile often with two lobes and turned downwards.[2][3][4] Taxonomy and namingThe genus Aphyllorchis was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and the description was published in his book Tabellen en Platen voor de Javaansche Orchideeen.[1][5] The name Aphyllorchis is derived from the Ancient Greek words aphyllos meaning "without leaves"[6] and orchis meaning "testicle" or "orchid".[6]{{rp|788}} List of speciesThe following is a list of species of Aphyllorchis recognised by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at October 2018:[1] {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
Distribution and habitatMost species in the genus Aphyllorchis grows at low altitudes in wet forests, often near streams. They are found in India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea and Australia. Two species are emdemic to tropical Queensland and one to China.[2][3][4] References1. ^1 2 3 {{WCSP | 12731 | Aphyllorchis}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page =366}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |last1=Chen |first1=Xinqi |last2=Gale |first2=Stephen W. |title=Aphyllorchis |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=102234|publisher=Flora of China |accessdate=5 November 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |title=Aphyllorchis |url=https://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/orchidkey/html/genera/Aphyllorchis.htm|publisher=Australian National Botanic Gardens |accessdate=5 November 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Aphyllorchis|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/522195|publisher=APNI|accessdate=5 November 2018}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}}{{rp|122}} External links{{Commons-inline|Aphyllorchis|Aphyllorchis}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q20844}} 14 : Aphyllorchis|Neottieae genera|Orchids of India|Orchids of China|Orchids of Japan|Orchids of Thailand|Orchids of Vietnam|Orchids of Malaysia|Orchids of Indonesia|Orchids of the Philippines|Orchids of New Guinea|Orchids of Queensland|Myco-heterotrophic orchids|Terrestrial orchids |
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