| 词条 | Archaeopriapulida |
| 释义 |
| image = Ottoia burrowing.jpg | image_caption = Reconstruction of the celebrated archaeopriapulid Ottoia | fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Cambrian Stage 3|Middle Cambrian}} | taxon = Archaeopriapulida | subdivision_ranks = Species[1][2] | subdivision ={{Nested taxon list | From the Burgess Shale:| |{{linked species list | Ancalagon (genus){{!}}Ancalagon minor| | Fieldia (animal){{!}}Fieldia lanceolata| | Lecythioscopa simplex |Conway Morris 1977 (Walcott, 1931) | Ottoia prolifica| | Louisella{{!}}Louisella pedunculata| | Selkirkia columbia|Conway Morris 1977 | Scolecofurca rara| }}|From Chengjiang deposits:||{{Linked species list | Acosmia maotiania| | Archotuba conoidalis|(possibly a Cnidarian)[3] | Corynetis brevis|Luo & Hu 1999 ({{=}}Anningvermis multispinosus Huang et al 2004[4])[5] | Corynetis fortis|Hu et al. 2012[6] | Eximipriapulus globocaudatus|Ma et al 2014[5] | Gangtoucunia aspera|Luo & Hu 1999 (May not be a priapulid)[7] | Lagenula striolata|Luo & Hu, 1999 nomen dubium[4] | Laojieella thecata|Han Zhang Zhang and Shu 2006[8] | Oligonodus specialis |Luo & Hu, 1999 nomen dubium[4] | Omnidens amplus| Hou et al 2006 | Paratubiluchus bicaudatus|Han, Shu, Zhang et Liu, 2004 | Paraselkirkia sinica|({{=}}P. jinningensis, {{=}}Selkirkia sinica Luo & Hu 1999)[9] | Sandaokania latinodosa |Luo & Hu, 1999 nomen dubium[4] | Selkirkia{{!}}Selkirkia elongata| Luo & Hu, 1999 | Sicyophorus rara|({{=}}Protopriapulites haikouensis Hou, Bergström, Wang, Feng & Chen 1999; {{=}}Palaeopriapulites parvus Hou et al 1999)[4] | Sicyophorus{{!}}Sicyophorus sp.|[10] | Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris|Hu 2002 (in Chen et al 2002) ({{=}}Yunnanpriapulus halteroformis Huang et al 2004[11])[12] | }} |From elsewhere:||{{Linked species list |Eopriapulites sphinx|Liu et al 2014[13] |Priapulites konecniorum|(Mazon Creek) |Selkirkia{{!}}Selkirkia spencei|Resser, 1939 |Selkirkia{{!}}S. willoughby| Conway Morris & Robison, 1986 |Sullulika|Peel & Willman, 2018[14] |Singuuriqia{{!}}Singuuriqia simoni| Peel 2017 (Sirius Passet)[15]| }} }} }}Archaeopriapulida is a group of priapulid-like worms known from Cambrian lagerstätte.[16] The group is closely related to, and very similar to, the modern Priapulids.[17] It is unclear whether it is mono- or polyphyletic.[18] Despite a remarkable morphological similarity to their modern cousins,[19] they fall outside of the priapulid crown group, which is not unambiguously represented in the fossil record until the Carboniferous.[20] They are probably closely related or paraphyletic to the palaeoscolecids; the relationship between these basal worms is somewhat unresolved.[18] References1. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1111/pala.12168| title = The macro- and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia| journal = Palaeontology| pages = 705–721| year = 2015| last1 = Smith | first1 = M. R. | last2 = Harvey | first2 = T. H. P. | last3 = Butterfield | first3 = N. J. | volume=58| issue = 4}} 2. ^Supplementary information from {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1111/pala.12168| title = The macro- and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia| journal = Palaeontology| year = 2015| last1 = Smith | first1 = M.R. | last2 = Harvey | first2 = T.H.P. | last3 = Butterfield | first3 = N.J. | volume=58 | issue = 4| pages=705–721}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NBP4bvxp1loC&pg=PA14&lpg=PA14&dq=Archotuba+conoidalis#v=onepage&q=Archotuba%20conoidalis&f=false|title=Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera|isbn=9783110272536|author1=Schmidt-Rhaesa|first1=Andreas|date=2012-12-21}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite journal | last1 = Huang | first1 = D.-Y. | last2 = Vannier | first2 = J. | last3 = Chen | first3 = J.-Y. | title = Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China) | journal = Lethaia | volume = 37 | pages = 21–33 | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1080/00241160410005088}} 5. ^1 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1666/13-082| title = A New Exceptionally Preserved Cambrian Priapulid from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte| journal = Journal of Paleontology| volume = 88| issue = 2| pages = 371| year = 2014| last1 = Ma | first1 = X. | last2 = Aldridge | first2 = R. J. | last3 = Siveter | first3 = D. J. | last4 = Siveter | first4 = D. J. | last5 = Hou | first5 = X. | last6 = Edgecombe | first6 = G. D. }} 6. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.3140/bull.geosci.1238| title = A new priapulid assemblage from the early Cambrian Guanshan fossil Lagerstätte of SW China| journal = Bulletin of Geosciences| pages = 93–106| year = 2012| last1 = Hu | first1 = S.| last2 = Steiner | first2 = M.| last3 = Zhu | first3 = M.| last4 = Luo | first4 = H.| last5 = Forchielli | first5 = A.| last6 = Keupp | first6 = H.| last7 = Zhao | first7 = F. | last8 = Liu | first8 = Q.}} 7. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/s11430-010-4086-9| title = Biodiversity and taphonomy of the Early Cambrian Guanshan biota, eastern Yunnan| journal = Science China Earth Sciences| volume = 53| issue = 12| pages = 1765| year = 2010| last1 = Hu | first1 = S. | last2 = Zhu | first2 = M. | last3 = Steiner | first3 = M. | last4 = Luo | first4 = H. | last5 = Zhao | first5 = F. | last6 = Liu | first6 = Q. }} 8. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1080/03115510608619340| title = A new theca-bearing Early Cambrian worm from the Chengjiang Fossil Lagerstätte, China| journal = Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology| volume = 30| pages = 1–10| year = 2006| last1 = Han | first1 = J. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = X. | last3 = Zhang | first3 = Z. | last4 = Shu | first4 = D. }} 9. ^{{cite journal|pages=691–694 |issn=0883-1351 |year=2007 |format= |url=http://intl-palaios.geoscienceworld.org/content/22/6/691.full |journal=PALAIOS |title=EVIDENCE OF PRIAPULID SCAVENGING FROM THE EARLY CAMBRIAN CHENGJIANG DEPOSITS, SOUTHERN CHINA |volume=22 |issue=6 |doi=10.2110/palo.2006.p06-117r |last1=Han |last2=Zhang |last3=Liu |last4=Shu |first1=J. |first2=Z. |first3=J. |first4=D. }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 10. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/s11434-014-0419-y| title = A Chengjiang-type fossil assemblage from the Hongjingshao Formation (Cambrian Stage 3) at Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan| journal = Chinese Science Bulletin| volume = 59| issue = 25| pages = 3169| year = 2014| last1 = Zeng | first1 = H. | last2 = Zhao | first2 = F. | last3 = Yin | first3 = Z. | last4 = Li | first4 = G. | last5 = Zhu | first5 = M. }} 11. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.geobios.2003.04.004| title = Recent Priapulidae and their Early Cambrian ancestors: Comparisons and evolutionary significance| journal = Geobios| volume = 37| issue = 2| pages = 217| year = 2004| last1 = Huang | first1 = D. | last2 = Vannier | first2 = J. | last3 = Chen | first3 = J. }} 12. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/BF03183414| title = The earliest-known ancestors of Recent Priapulomorpha from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte| journal = Chinese Science Bulletin| volume = 49| issue = 17| pages = 1860| year = 2004| last1 = Han | first1 = J. | last2 = Shu | first2 = D. | last3 = Zhang | first3 = Z. | last4 = Liu | first4 = J. }} 13. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1111/ede.12076| pmid = 24754444| title = The oldest known priapulid-like scalidophoran animal and its implications for the early evolution of cycloneuralians and ecdysozoans| journal = Evolution & Development| volume = 16| issue = 3| pages = 155–65| year = 2014| last1 = Liu | first1 = Y. | last2 = Xiao | first2 = S. | last3 = Shao | first3 = T. | last4 = Broce | first4 = J. | last5 = Zhang | first5 = H. }} 14. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/spp2.1112|title=The Buen Formation (Cambrian Series 2) biota of North Greenland|journal=Papers in Palaeontology|volume=4|issue=3|pages=381–432|year=2018|last1=Peel|first1=John S|last2=Willman|first2=Sebastian}} 15. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/pala.12316|title=Feeding behaviour of a new worm (Priapulida) from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) of North Greenland (Laurentia)|journal=Palaeontology|volume=60|issue=6|pages=795–805|year=2017|last1=Peel|first1=John S.}} 16. ^{{Cite journal| last1 = Conway Morris | first1 = S.| title = The Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian) Fauna| journal = Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics| volume = 10| pages = 327–349| year = 1979| doi = 10.1146/annurev.es.10.110179.001551}} 17. ^{{Cite journal| first1 = F. D.| title = Class Seticoronaria and Phylogeny of the Phylum Priapulida| journal = Zoologica Scripta| last1 = Por| volume = 12| issue = 4| pages = 267–272| year = 1983| doi = 10.1111/j.1463-6409.1983.tb00510.x }} 18. ^1 {{Cite journal| first = M. A. | title = Cambrian and Recent Disparity: the Picture from Priapulids | journal = Paleobiology | volume = 24 | issue = 2| last = Wills | pages = 155–286 | date = 1 April 1998 | jstor = 2401237}} 19. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Huang | first1 = D.-Y. | last2 = Vannier | first2 = J. | last3 = Chen | first3 = J.-Y. | title = Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China) | journal = Lethaia | volume = 37 | pages = 21–33 | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1080/00241160410005088}} 20. ^{{cite journal |last1=Budd |first1=G. E. |last2=Jensen |first2=S. |year=2000 |title=A critical reappraisal of the fossil record of the bilaterian phyla |volume=75 |issue=2 |pages=253–95 |journal=Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society |doi=10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00046.x |pmid=10881389}} 1 : Priapulida |
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