| 词条 | Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (1922–1993) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria | image = | caption = | spouse = {{marriage|Prince Heinrich of Liechtenstein|12 September 1949}} | issue =Prince Vincenz Prince Michael Princess Charlotte Prince Christof Prince Karl | full name ={{lang-de|Elizabeth Charlotte Alphonsa Christina Theresia Antonia Josepha Roberta Ottonia Franziska Isabelle Pia Markus d'Aviano}} | house = Habsburg-Lorraine | father =Charles I of Austria | mother =Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma | birth_date ={{birth date|1922|5|31|df=y}} | birth_place =Royal Palace of El Pardo, Madrid, Kingdom of Spain | death_date ={{death date and age|1993|1|6|1922|5|31|df=y}} | death_place = Waldstein, Bavaria, Germany }} Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (31 May 1922 – 6 January 1993) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. She was the youngest daughter of Charles I, the last Emperor of Austria, and his wife, Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma. Family and early lifeElisabeth was born on 31 May 1922. Her father, Charles I, deposed since 1918, had fallen ill and died from pneumonia on 1 April 1922 two months before she was born. After his death, her pregnant mother Zita was invited by Alfonso XIII of Spain to live in Spain. Zita gave birth to Elisabeth in the Royal Palace of El Pardo in Madrid. She was named after Empress Elisabeth, the wife of Franz Joseph of Austria.[1] Charles had picked the name long in advance, somehow knowing that the baby would be a girl.[1] This new addition to the family had seven older siblings: five brothers (Otto, Robert, Felix, Carl Ludwig, and Rudolf) and two sisters (Adelheid and Charlotte). By Alfonso's invitation, they took up residence in Palacio Uribarren at Lekeitio in the Bay of Biscay. For the next six years Zita settled in Lekeitio, where she got on with the job of raising and educating her children. Their lessons were under a strict regime, with the greatest volume applying to Otto, and decreasing by age, so that Elisabeth had the smallest workload.[2] Their mother loved to have them all photographed in a line by height, with Otto (the tallest) at one end and Elisabeth (the shortest) at the other end.[3] They lived with strained finances, mainly living on income from private property in Austria, income from a vineyard in Johannisberg, and voluntary collections. Other members of the exiled Habsburg dynasty, however, claimed much of this money, and there were regular petitions for help from former Imperial officials. In 1929, Elisabeth's family moved to Steenokkerzeel, a small Belgian town near Brussels. As they had close relatives in Belgium, her oldest siblings chose to attend university there. They were forced to flee however in 1940 when German troops invaded Belgium. They narrowly missed being killed by a direct hit on the castle by German bombers and fled to Zita's brother Prince Xavier's French Castle in Bostz. With the assumption of power by the collaborationist government of Philippe Petain, the Habsburgs fled to the Spanish border, reaching it on 18 May. They moved on to Portugal where the U.S. Government granted the family exit visas on 9 July. After a perilous journey they arrived in New York City on 27 July, having family in Long Island and Newark, New Jersey; at one point, Zita and several of her children lived, as long-term house-guests, in Tuxedo Park, at Suffern, New York. The Austrian imperial refugees eventually settled in Quebec, which had the advantage of being French-speaking (the younger children, including Elisabeth, were not yet fluent in English). As they were cut off from all European funds, finances were more stretched than ever. At one stage, their mother was reduced to making salad and spinach dishes from dandelion leaves. However, all her brothers were active in the war effort. Otto promoted the dynasty's role in a post-war Europe and met regularly with Franklin Roosevelt; Robert was the Habsburg representative in London; Carl Ludwig and Felix joined the United States Army, serving with several American-raised Austrians of the Mauerer noble clan; Rudolf smuggled himself into Austria in the final days of the war to help organize the resistance. MarriageOn 12 September 1949, Elisabeth married Prince Heinrich of Liechtenstein in Lignières, France.[4] He was a son of Prince Alfred Roman of Liechtenstein (himself a son of Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein) and Princess Theresia Maria of Oettingen-Oettingen. He was also a cousin of the reigning Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein.[4] They had five children:
Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria |2= 2. Charles I of Austria |3= 3. Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma |4= 4. Archduke Otto of Austria |5= 5. Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony |6= 6. Robert I, Duke of Parma |7= 7. Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal |8= 8. Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria |9= 9. Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies |10= 10. George I of Saxony |11= 11. Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal |12= 12. Charles III, Duke of Parma |13= 13. Princess Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois |14= 14. Miguel I of Portugal |15= 15. Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg |16= 16. Archduke Franz Karl of Austria |17= 17. Princess Sophie of Bavaria |18= 18. Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies |19= 19. Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria |20= 20. John I of Saxony |21= 21. Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria |22= 22. Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |23= 23. Maria II of Portugal |24= 24. Charles II, Duke of Parma |25= 25. Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy |26= 26. Prince Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry |27= 27. Princess Marie-Caroline of the Two Sicilies |28= 28. John VI of Portugal |29= 29. Infanta Carlota Joaquina of Spain |30= 30. Prince Constantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg |31= 31. Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg }} References1. ^1 Brook-Shepherd (2004), p. 73. 2. ^Brook-Shepherd (2004), pp. 73-74. 3. ^Brook-Shepherd (2004), p. 240. 4. ^1 {{Citation | last = | first = | title = Habsburg Duchess Married In France | pages = | newspaper = The New York Times | location = Paris | date = 13 September 1949 | url = | accessdate = }} Sources
7 : 1922 births|1993 deaths|House of Habsburg-Lorraine|Austrian royalty|Austrian princesses|House of Liechtenstein|People from Madrid |
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