| 词条 | Arthur Hill Griffith |
| 释义 |
Arthur Griffith (16 October 1861 – 1 November 1946) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1894 until 1917 and held a number of ministerial positions in the Government of New South Wales. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP). Early lifeGriffith was born in Westmeath, Ireland, to Arthur Hill Griffith (1810 - 1881), a magistrate, and his second wife, Hannah Rose Cottingham (1826 - 1921), daughter of James Courtney Morton Cottingham, Esquire (1788 - 1876), and Hannah Robinson.[1] His paternal grandfather was Richard Griffith, MP, whose son, Sir Richard Griffith, 1st Baronet, was his uncle. [2] His great-grandmother was the noted actress and writer Elizabeth Griffith. The Griffith family descends from the Dukes of Penrhyn.[3]His siblings included Christopher Arthur Griffith (1858 - 1949), a physician,[4] and Edward Arthur Griffith (1857 - 1949), a mining attorney, whose descendants include Jules-Arthur Paré (1917 - 2013), Professor Emeritus of McGill University Faculty of Medicine, and his granddaughter, celebrated actress Jessica Paré.[5] In 1871, the Griffith family emigrated from Ireland to Melbourne, Australia. Political careerDespite residing in Sydney, Griffith was the candidate for the Labour Party for the seat of Waratah at the state election held on 12 July 1894. He was successful with 820 (44.18%) votes and was re-elected at elections in 1895, 1898 and 1901. In 1903 he resigned his seat to contest a Senate seat for New South Wales at the 1903 federal election. He was unsuccessful and as the by-election for Waratah was held prior to the Senate election, Griffith was denied the chance to recontest. In the following year, he was successful as the endorsed Labor candidate for the seat of Sturt (based on the mining town of Broken Hill) at the general election of 6 August. Griffith was re-elected unopposed at the 1907 election but resigned from parliament the following year in protest at being suspended by the speaker when he protested the Speaker's alleged procedural unfairness. He won the subsequent by-election unopposed and continued to represent Sturt until the general election of 15 November 1913. A redistribution of state electorates resulted in Griffith stepping aside for John Cann the member for the abolished seat of Broken Hill. He successfully contested the Sydney electorate of Annandale, defeating the sitting member Albert Bruntnell Ministerial careerIn the New South Wales Labor Governments of James McGowen and William Holman he was the Minister for Public Works,[6] now NSW Public Works.[7] From March 1915 until November 1916, he was the Minister for Public Education. As Minister for Public Works, Griffith encouraged the growth of state enterprises and increased spending on railway construction. Griffith had consistently advocated for the greater industrialization of Newcastle, then, Under Holman, he personally negotiated the establishment of a steelworks in Newcastle with G. D. Delprat of the Broken Hill Proprietary Co. Ltd., and was the architect of the Walsh Island establishment;[8] though censured by the 1913 party conference cabinet for it, the scheme proved successful[9] Expulsion from Labor PartyDuring the ALP split over conscription in World War I he opposed the Labor Party's anti-conscription policy but did not follow Holman in joining the Nationalist Party. He subsequently resigned from the government and was expelled from the Labor Party. He contested the 24 March 1917 election as an independent labor candidate but was defeated by William O'Brien the official ALP candidate. Griffith was one of the best known middle-class, professional supporters of the Labor party in its first 25 years. He maintained a socialist and republican stance throughout his public career. References1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=psgIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA273 Walford, Edward] The county families of the United Kingdom, Robert Hardwicke; London, England, 1860, page 273. 2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=yyYJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA238 Leslie, Sir Stephen] Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 23, edited by Sir Leslie Stephen, Macmillan, Great Britain, 1890, page 238. Retrieved January 28, 2017. 3. ^Paré, L.G.The Seeds: The Life Story of a Matriarch, by Lucy Griffith Paré (with Antoine Paré), Les Entreprises de Carpent Perdu Inc., Ste-Lucie-des-Laurentides, Québec, Canada, 1984, page 305. 4. ^[https://livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk/biogs/E004292b.htm Plarr, Victor] "Griffith, Christopher Arthur (1858 - 1949)",Plarr's Lives of the Fellows Online, Royal College of Surgeons of England. Retrieved January 29, 2018. 5. ^Généalogie du Québec Généalogie du Québec et d'Amérique française, "Généalogie Jessica Paré". Retrieved January 28, 2018. 6. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=FHycGA8o-rcC&pg=PA956 Australian Government] "Member of State Government Ministries, 1911 – New South Wales—Ministries",Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia, No. 4, Issue 9, Australia Bureau of Statistics, Australia , 1911, page 956. 7. ^[https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/agency/45 NSW Government] "Department of (Secretary of) Public Works corporate Body", NSW Government Archives & Corporate Records", Accessed January 31, 2018. 8. ^Cameron, David On an island in the River: The establishment of the Walsh Island Dockyard & Engineering Works, Newcastle, 1910-1919, by David Cameron, as presented to the Australian Historical Association Regional Conference, Newcastle, 28–30 September 1997), 1997. Retrieved January 31, 2018. 9. ^Nairn, Bede "Griffith, Arthur Hill (1861–1946)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 9, (MUP), 1983.
See also
7 : 1861 births|1946 deaths|Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|History of Newcastle, New South Wales|Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of New South Wales|20th-century Australian politicians|Politicians from Sydney |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。