| 词条 | Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce |
| 释义 |
| name = Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce | logo = | type = Advocacy group | founded_date = about 1872 | founder = | location = Berlin, Germany | origins = | key_people = Hans Heinrich Driftmann, President of DIHK Martin Wansleben, Chief Executive of the DIHK | area_served = Germany European Union United States | focus = Business advocacy | method = trade promotion Political lobbying | revenue = | endowment = | num_volunteers = | owner = | Non-profit_slogan = | homepage = DIHK AHK USA | tax_exempt = yes | dissolved = | footnotes = }} Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce ({{lang-de|Deutscher Industrie- und Handelskammertag}}, DIHK) is a German 'chamber,' similar to an English guild but is required under German law and provides political influence of a trade union. This organization was formerly known as the Deutscher Industrie- und Handelstag or DIHT. DIHKIn Germany, 'Chambers of Commerce and Industry' is an organization for 79 'chambers' who represents companies within the German state. The DIHK provides over 'three million entrepreneurs' or association members, representing small kiosks and shops to larger commercial companies, with political influence. DIHK has its headquarters in Berlin, a major office in Brussels and representative offices throughout Europe.[1] Association members are under German Chamber of Commerce compulsory or public law model, enterprises of certain sizes, types, or sectors are obliged to become members of the chamber. This model is common in European Union countries (France,[2] Germany, Italy, Spain), but also in Japan. Main tasks of the chambers are foreign trade promotion, vocational training, regional economic development, and general services to their members. The chambers were given responsibilities of public administration in various fields by the state which they exercise in order management. The chambers also have a consultative function; this means the chambers must be consulted whenever a new law related to industry or commerce is proposed.[1][3] In Germany, for over 150 years, the chambers of commerce and industry (IHK - Industrie- und Handelskammer) and the chambers of skilled crafts (HwK - Handwerkskammer) are public statutory bodies with self-administration under the inspectorate of the state ministry of economy. Enterprises are members by law according to the chamber act (IHK-Gesetz) of 1956. Because of this, such chambers are much bigger than chambers under private law. IHK Munich, the biggest German chamber of commerce, has 350,000 member companies.[4] Germany also has compulsory chambers for "free occupations" such as architects, dentists, engineers, lawyers, notaries, physicians and pharmacists. Exceptions are skilled craftsmen, freelancers and agricultural businesses.[1][5] AHK USAGerman American Chambers of Commerce is a bilateral trade organization promoting German and German-American businesses within the United States and worldwide in 90 countries and 130 locations. The AHKs throughout the world are under the 'DEinternational' brand name.[6] The GACCs represent about 2,500 members in the United States under the abrieviation AHK USA. In German this is; Deutsch-Amerikanische Handelskammer or AHK. It has offices in Atlanta, Chicago, New York, Philadelphia and San Francisco with a liaison office to the Representative of German Industry and Trade in Washington D.C.[6] The GACC Consulting Services Department's goal is to assist and support German companies with USA market entry and expansion. They do this by providing "events, such as networking receptions, economic forums, members only events, Industry specific conferences, business luncheons, seminars" including lobbying the American government agencies.[6] They also provide companies with market analysis, marketing concepts, legal and tax assistance, business representation, and Trade show support.[7] The GACC publishes various articles, journals and reports. These include, but are not limited to:[8]
See also{{Commons|Trade unions}}
References1. ^1 2 {{Cite web |accessdate=September 24, 2012 |url=http://www.dihk.de/en |title='Chambers of Commerce and Industry' |author=Deutscher Industrie und Handelskammertag |work=DIHK |publisher=Deutscher Industrie und Handelskammertag |year=2012}} See also:Who we are 2. ^André-Pierre Nouvion, Chambres de commerce et d'industrie - Encyclopédie juridique Dalloz - Répertoire de droit commercial, 2005 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cipe.org/programs/training/pdf/Chamber_Primer.pdf |title=Markus Pilgrim and Ralf Meier, Chamber Primer |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-12-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107031727/http://www.cipe.org/programs/training/pdf/Chamber_Primer.pdf |archivedate=2011-01-07 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=IHK München|url=http://www.muenchen.ihk.de|accessdate=31 August 2010}} 5. ^Overview of DIHK{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite web |accessdate=September 24, 2012 |url=http://www.ahk-usa.com/ |title=German American Chambers of Commerce |author= Deutsch-Amerikanische Handelskammer |work=AHK USA |publisher=Deutscher Industrie und Handelskammertag |year=2012}} 7. ^{{Cite web |accessdate=September 24, 2012 |url=http://www.ahk-usa.com/en/market-entry-usa/market-entry-usa/ |title=German American Chambers of Commerce - Market entry USA |author= Deutsch-Amerikanische Handelskammer |work=AHK USA |publisher=Deutscher Industrie und Handelskammertag |year=2012}} 8. ^{{Cite web |accessdate=September 24, 2012 |url=http://www.ahk-usa.com/en/publications/publications/ |title=German American Chambers of Commerce - Publications |author=Deutsch-Amerikanische Handelskammer |work=AHK USA |publisher=Deutscher Industrie und Handelskammertag |year=2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120720004508/http://www.ahk-usa.com/en/publications/publications/ |archivedate=July 20, 2012 |df= }} External links
7 : Trade unions in Germany|Labor relations|Chambers of commerce in Germany|Chambers of commerce in the United States|Non-profit organisations based in Berlin|Business organisations based in Germany|Lobbying in Germany |
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