“Aster amellus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Aster amellus, the European Michaelmas-daisy,^[1] is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Aster, belonging to the Asteraceae family. In the language of flowers, the Michaelmas-daisy symbolizes a farewell or a departure.

Etymology

The genus name (Aster) comes from the Greek and means "star-shaped flower." The specific name (amellus) is first used in the Georgics (Book IV, 271-280), a poem of the Latin poet Publius Vergilius Maro (70 BC - 19 BC), but the etymology is obscure and uncertain.

Description

Aster amellus reaches on average a height of {{convert|20|-|50|cm}}. The stem is erect and branched, the leaves are dark green. The basal leaves are obovate and petiolated, the cauline ones are alternate and sessile, increasingly narrower and lanceolate. The flowers are lilac. The flowering period extends from July through October. The hermaphroditic flowers are either self-fertilized (autogamy) or pollinated by insects (entomogamy). The seeds are an achene that ripens in October.

Distribution

This plant is present on the European mountains from the Pyrenees and the Alps to the Carpathians. Outside Europe it is located in western Asia (Turkey), the Caucasus, Siberia and Central Asia (Kazakhstan).

Cultivation

Asters are valued in the garden for the fact that they provide late summer and autumn colour in shades of blue, pink and white. This species has several cultivars of ornamental garden use. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

Aster, or Michaelmas Daisy grows in abundance on Anarchist Mountain, near Osoyoos at 3000' and in other places in the South Okanagan valley in British Columbia (Canada) on dry land and pasture. The mountain can be roughly two weeks to a month later than the valley bottom (lake level); ten degrees cooler in summer heat and warmer in winter, with good snow cover, hence soil moisture available.

Habitat

The typical habitat is rocky limy areas, the edges of the bushes and copses, but also the sub-alpine meadows, marshy places and lake sides. It prefers calcareous and slightly dry substrate with basic pH and low nutritional value, at an altitude of {{convert|0|-|800|m}} above sea level.

In Literature

The Michaelmas Daisy is one of Letitia Elizabeth Landon's earliest poems (1820).

Synonyms

Gallery

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=6015 |title=RHS Plant Selector Aster amellus 'Framfieldii' AGM / RHS Gardening |publisher=Apps.rhs.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-06-16}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=2139 |title=RHS Plant Selector Aster amellus 'Jacqueline Genebrier' AGM / RHS Gardening |publisher=Apps.rhs.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-06-16}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5449 |title=RHS Plant Selector Aster amellus 'King George' AGM / RHS Gardening |publisher=Apps.rhs.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-06-16}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=6039 |title=RHS Plant Selector Aster amellus 'Veilchenkönigin' AGM / RHS Gardening |publisher=Apps.rhs.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-06-16}}