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词条 Airbus Helicopters
释义

  1. History

     Historical emblems 

  2. Products

     Projects 

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}{{Infobox company
|name = Airbus Helicopters SAS
|logo = File:Airbus Logo 2017.svg
|logo_size = 250px
|type = Operating Division
|industry = Aerospace
|founded = {{start date and age|1992}}
|location = Marseille Provence Airport
Marignane, France
|key_people = Bruno Even (CEO)[1]
|products = Helicopters
|revenue = €6.3 billion
|revenue_year = 2013
|operating_income =
|net_income =
|num_employees = 23,000
|parent = Airbus
|subsid = [https://web.archive.org/web/20140115052008/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/ref/Airbus-Helicopter-Network-on-interactive-map_1290.html Subsidiaries]
|homepage = airbushelicopters.com
|footnotes =
}}Airbus Helicopters SAS (formerly Eurocopter Group) is the helicopter manufacturing division of Airbus. It is the largest in the industry in terms of revenues and turbine helicopter deliveries. Its head office is located at Marseille Provence Airport in Marignane, France, near Marseille.[2] The main facilities of Airbus Helicopters are at its headquarters in Marignane, France and in Donauwörth, Germany, with additional production plants in Brazil (Helibras), Australia, Spain and the United States. The company was renamed Airbus Helicopters on 2 January 2014.[3]

In 2018, Airbus delivered 356 helicopters, a 54% share of the civil or parapublic market over five seats, ahead of Leonardo Helicopters (21%), Bell Helicopter (12%) and Russian Helicopters (10%).[4]

History

Airbus Helicopters was formed in 1992 as Eurocopter Group, through the merger of the helicopter divisions of Aérospatiale and DASA. The company's heritage traces back to Blériot and Lioré et Olivier in France and to Messerschmitt and Focke-Wulf in Germany.[5]

Airbus Helicopters and its predecessor companies have established a wide range of helicopter firsts, including the first production turboshaft-powered helicopter (the Aérospatiale Alouette II of 1955); the introduction of the Fenestron shrouded tail rotor (on the Gazelle of 1968); the first helicopter certified for full flight in icing conditions (the AS332 Super Puma, in 1984); the first production helicopter with a Fly-by-wire control system (the NHIndustries NH90, first flown in full FBW mode in 2003); the first helicopter to use a Fly-by-light primary control system (an EC135 testbed, first flown in 2003); and the first ever landing of a helicopter on Mt. Everest (achieved by an AS350 B3 in 2005).[6][7][8]

As a consequence of the merger of Airbus Helicopters' former parents in 2000, the firm is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Airbus. The creation of what was then called EADS in 2000 also incorporated CASA of Spain, which itself had a history of helicopter-related activities dating back to Talleres Loring, including local assembly of the Bo105.

Today, Airbus Helicopters has four main plants in Europe (Marignane and La Courneuve in France, and Donauwörth and Kassel in Germany), plus 32 subsidiaries and participants around the world, including those in Brisbane, Australia, Albacete, Spain and Grand Prairie, USA.[9][10]

Since approximately 2006, Eurocopter has been involved in the planning for the proposed pan-European Future Transport Helicopter project.[11]

As of 2014, more than 12,000 Airbus Helicopters were in service with over 3,000 customers in around 150 countries.[12]

Eurocopter sold 422 helicopters in 2013 and delivered 497 helicopters that year.[13] In 2014, AH built a concrete cylinder for testing helicopters before first flight.[14]

{{Structural evolution of Airbus SE}}

Historical emblems

Historical emblems of the company:

Products

Some of the helicopters were renamed in 2015, resembling Airbus airplane naming.[16]

When the division changed its name from Eurocopter Group to Airbus Helicopters in 2014 the trade names of the products were changed (applied by 1 January 2016) to reflect this. Suffixes, as well as the differentiation for single or twin engines, were no longer to be used. Military versions were to be symbolized by the letter M. The only exceptions to this new branding were the AS350 B2, AS635 and 565, the EC145e, the AS332 and 532, the Tiger and the NH90, which will keep their current names.:[17]

Civil Range,[18] Military Range [19]
Original name New name Deliveries MTOW [t] Powerplant Capacity
with Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation}} H120 1998-2017 1.715 1 × 500hp Arrius 2 1 pilot + 4 passengers
AS350 Écureuil H125 1975-today 2.25-2.8 1 × 847 hp Arrius 1 pilot + 5/6 passengers
AS355 Écureuil 2 / AS555 Fennec 2 1975-today 2.54 2 × 420 hp Allison 250 1 pilot + 5/6 passengers
AS550 Fennec H125M 1990-today 2.25 1 × 850 hp Arrius 2B 2 pilots + 4
EC130 (from AS350) H130 2001-today 2.5-3.05 1 × 952 hp Arrius 2B 1 pilot + 6/7 passengers
name=rot|developed in Germany, its rotor turns counter-clockwise when viewed from above like American rotorcraft, as opposed to others Airbus Helicopters designed in France and Russian rotorcraft}} H135 1996-today 2.98 2 × 627 hp Arrius/PW206 1 pilot + 6/7 passengers
EC635 H135M 1998-today 2.9 2 × 817 hp PW206 1 pilot + 8 troops
name=rot}} H145 2002-today 3.7 2 × 1,072 hp Arriel 2 pilots + 10 passengers
UH-72 Lakota for the US Army}} H145M 2014-today 3.7 2 × 782 hp Arriel 1/2 pilots + 10
AS365 Dauphin {{efn|HH-65 Dolphin for the US Coast Guard, Harbin Z-9 in China}} 1978-today 4.3 2 × 961 hp Arriel 2 pilots + 12 passengers
AS565 Panther 1986-today 4.3 2 × 1,129 hp Arriel 2 pilot + 10 troops
EC155 H155 1999-today 4.92 2 × 1,053 hp Arriel 2 pilots + 13 passengers
X4 H160 from 2019 6.05 2 × 1,110-1,300 hp Arrano 2 pilots + 12 passengers
EC175 H175 2014-today 7.8 2 × 2,067 hp PT6 2 pilots + 16/18 passengers
AS332 Super Puma H215 1980-today 8.6-9.35 2 × 1,877 hp Makila 2 pilots + 15/19 passengers
AS532 Cougar H215M 1978-today 9-9.35 2 × 1,877 hp Makila 2 pilots + 1 chief + 24 troops
EC225 Super Puma H225 2004-today 11-11.2 2 × 2,101 hp Makila 2 pilots + 19 passengers
KAI KUH-1 Surion in South Korea}} H225M 2005-today 11-11.2 2 × 2,382 hp Makila 2 pilots + 1 chief + 28 troops
via 62.5% share in NHIndustries joint venture}} NH90 2006-today 10.6-11 2 × 2,913 hp RTM 322 / GE T700 Crew (2 + 1) + 20 troops
EC665 Tiger Tiger 2003-today 6.6 2 × 1,774 hp MTR390 1 pilot + 1 gunner
{{notelist}}{{clear}}

Projects

  • X³ rotorcraft – hybrid helicopter with two forward propellers, which achieved a 255-knot speed milestone in level flight in June 2011.[20]
  • Airbus Helicopters X6 – Two year concept study into the possible launch of an 11.5t helicopter to replace the H225.[21][22]
  • Airbus RACER, experimental high-speed compound helicopter developed from the X³, targeting a 2020 first flight.

See also

{{Portal|European Union|Companies|Airbus}}

Comparable major helicopter manufacturers:

  • AgustaWestland
  • Bell Helicopter
  • Boeing Rotorcraft Systems
  • MD Helicopters
  • Russian Helicopters
  • Sikorsky Aircraft

References

1. ^{{cite press release| url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2018/02/bruno-even-appointed-ceo-of-airbus-helicopters-.html| title=Bruno Even Appointed CEO of Airbus Helicopters| date=14 February 2018| website=airbus.com}}
2. ^"Legal Notice and Disclaimer {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112014015/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/ref/Terms-and-Conditions_338.html |date=12 January 2014 }}." Airbus Helicopters. Retrieved on 24 January 2014. "[...]whose registered Office is located Aéroport International Marseille-Provence – 13725 Marignane Cedex – France"
3. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20140102190746/http://www.airbus-group.com/airbusgroup/int/en/our-company/What-we-do/airbus-helicopters.html Airbus Helicopters]
4. ^{{cite press release |url= https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2019/01/airbus-helicopters-sees-strong-sales-increase-in-2018.html |date= 23 January 2019 |title= Airbus Helicopters sees strong sales increase in 2018 |publisher= Airbus}}
5. ^Airbus Helicopters history {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20140114082556/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/ref/History_24.html |date=14 January 2014 }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/0509/whats_new/helicopter_everest.html |title=Landing on Air |publisher=National Geographic Adventure |date=1 September 2005 |accessdate=24 June 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802071837/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/0509/whats_new/helicopter_everest.html |archivedate=2 August 2009 }}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.everestnews.com/stories2005/everestcopter05272005.htm|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120224042457/http://www.everestnews.com/stories2005/everestcopter05272005.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=24 February 2012|title=Everest 2005: The Helicopter land on Everest with video: But it is good?|author=|date=|website=wayback.archive-it.org|accessdate=2 April 2018}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mounteverest.net/story/FrenchEverestMysteryChoppersUtopiasummit-VIDEOMay272005.shtml|title=French Everest Mystery Chopper's Utopia summit|publisher=MountEverest.net|date=27 May 2005|accessdate=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113192323/http://www.mounteverest.net/story/FrenchEverestMysteryChoppersUtopiasummit-VIDEOMay272005.shtml|archive-date=13 January 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
9. ^Airbus Helicopters – Spain {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116083723/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/ref/Airbus-Helicopter-Network-on-interactive-map_1290.html?countryISO2=ES |date=16 January 2014 }}
10. ^Airbus Helicopters – Interactive Network Map {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115052008/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/ref/Airbus-Helicopter-Network-on-interactive-map_1290.html |date=15 January 2014 }}
11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/international/ruestung-eu-beschliesst-bau-von-helikopter/3180012.html|title=Rüstung: EU beschließt Bau von Helikopter|access-date=2018-01-23|language=de}}
12. ^Airbus Helicopters – Who We are {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114054045/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/ref/Who-We-Are_23-2.html |date=14 January 2014 }}
13. ^Airbus Helicopters aims high with new branding and a strategic transformation {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203011704/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/press/Airbus-Helicopters-aims-high-with-new-branding-and-a-strategic-transformation_1106.html?iframe=true&width=700 |date=3 February 2014 }}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://helihub.com/2015/07/24/new-dynamic-testing-method-at-airbus-brings-helicopters-to-market-quickly/|title=HeliHub.com New dynamic testing method at Airbus brings helicopters to market quickly|author=|date=|website=helihub.com|accessdate=2 April 2018}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2017/07/airbus-flying-as-one.html|title=Flying as one: Fully integrated Airbus takes off|website=Airbus|language=en|access-date=2019-02-18}}
16. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.verticalmag.com/digital_issue/2015/v14i2/files/40.html |title=Airbus renames fleet |page=36 |work=Vertical Magazine |date=April 2015 |accessdate=11 April 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419023150/http://www.verticalmag.com/digital_issue/2015/v14i2/files/40.html |archivedate=19 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }}
17. ^http://www.airbushelicopters.com/w1/jrotor/100/sources/projet/pdfs/page7.pdf
18. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/brochures/Broch-CIVILRange-02-2018.pdf |title= Civil Range |publisher= Airbus Helicopters |date= 2018}}
19. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/publications/brochures/Brochure-MilitaryRange.pdf |title= Military Range |publisher= Airbus Helicopters |date= 2018}}
20. ^Eurocopter's X3 hybrid helicopter makes aviation history in achieving a speed milestone of 255 knots during level flight {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212324/http://www.airbushelicopters.com/site/en/press/Eurocopter-s-X3-hybrid-helicopter-makes-aviation-history-in-achieving-a-speed-milestone-of-255-knots-during-level-flight_1046.html |date=27 May 2014 }}
21. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/paris-airbus-helicopters-launches-x6-concept-phase-413665/|title=PARIS: Airbus Helicopters launches X6 concept phase|date=2015-06-16|access-date=2016-07-08}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.airbushelicopters.com/website/en/press/Airbus-Helicopters-launches-X6-concept-phase,-setting-the-standard-for-the-future-in-heavy-lift-rotorcraft_1771.html|title=www.airbushelicopters.com/website/en/press/Airbus-Helicopters-launches-X6-concept-phase,-setting-the-standard-for-the-future-in-heavy-lift-rotorcraft_1771.html|website=www.airbushelicopters.com|access-date=2016-07-08}}

External links

{{Commons category|Airbus Helicopters}}
  • {{official|www.airbushelicopters.com/ }}
  • Helibras
  • Airbus Helicopters timeline at Helis.com
  • {{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-faury-leaves-airbus-helicopters-a-business-445493/ |title= Faury leaves Airbus Helicopters a business transformed |date= 20 Feb 2018 |author= Dominic Perry |work= Flightglobal}}
{{Airbus Group aircraft}}{{Airbus Group}}

8 : Airframe manufacturers of Europe|Airbus Helicopters|Multinational aircraft manufacturers|Defence companies of Germany|Military vehicle manufacturers|Defence companies of France|Helicopter manufacturers of Germany|Helicopter manufacturers of France
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