| 词条 | Ayame (train) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Ayame | image = JRE seriesE257 type500 LimitedExpressAyame.jpg | image_width = 300px | caption = An E257-500 series on an Ayame service in June 2012 | type = Limited express | locale = Kanto region, Japan | status = Discontinued | first = 10 March 1975 | last = 13 March 2015 | operator = | formeroperator = {{hlist|JNR|JR East}} | start = {{STN|Tokyo}} | stops = | end = {{STN|Kashima-Jingu}} or {{STN|Chōshi}} | distance = | journeytime = | frequency = 2 return workings daily | trainnumber = | line_used = Sobu Main Line, Narita Line | stock = E257-500 series EMUs | class = Ordinary class only | seating = Unidirectional 2+2 | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}} | el = 1,500 V DC overhead | speed = {{Convert|130|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}[1] }} The {{Nihongo|Ayame|あやめ||"iris"}} was a limited express train operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) between {{STN|Tokyo}}, {{STN|Kashima-Jingu}} and {{STN|Chōshi}} via {{STN|Sawara}}.[2] First introduced in 1975, the last service ran on 13 March 2015. HistoryThe Ayame service was first introduced on 10 March 1975,[3] initially as four return workings daily between Tokyo and Kashima-Jingu.[4] The late 1980s saw increased competition from long-distance bus services between Tokyo and Kashima, and from the July 1993 timetable revision, the number of Ayame services was reduced to three return workings daily.[4] In December 1994, services were further cut back, with just one up service in the morning and one down service in the evening.[4] From the October 2004 timetable revision, the complementary Suigō limited express ({{STN|Shinjuku}} to {{STN|Chōshi}} via Narita Line) and Hometown Narita services were discontinued and the number of Ayame services was correspondingly increased to four up and two down services daily.[4] From the start of the revised timetable on 10 December 2005, Ayame services were made entirely no-smoking.[5] By March 2014, there were two return Ayame workings daily: one return working between Tokyo and Kashima-Jingu, and one between Tokyo and Chōshi. The services operated as all-stations "Local" services between Sawara and Kashima-Jingu or Chōshi.[2] The down Ayame 3 service from Tokyo to Choshi operated coupled to the weekdays-only Shiosai 17 service (to {{STN|Narutō}}) as far as {{STN|Sakura|Chiba}}, where the trains divided.[2] From the start of the 14 March 2015 timetable revision, the remaining Ayame services were discontinued due to low ridership amid competition by bus services, despite the fact that its scheduled travel time between Tokyo and Kashima-Jingu was only one hour and 43 minutes, about 40 minutes faster than bus schedules.[6] Rolling stock
FormationsTrains were formed as shown below, with car 1 at the Tokyo end. All cars were ordinary class and non-reserved.[2][7]
See also
References1. ^{{cite book | script-title=ja: JR新幹線＆特急列車ファイル |trans-title=JR Shinkansen & Limited Express Train File| publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun | year = 2008 | location = Japan |language = Japanese | page = 64| isbn = 978-4-330-00608-6}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book | script-title=ja: JR時刻表 |trans-title=JR Timetable| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = March 2014 | location = Japan|language = Japanese | pages = 86–87| isbn = }} 3. ^{{cite book | script-title=ja: 列車名鑑1995 |trans-title=Train Name Directory 1995| publisher = Railway Journal| date = August 1995 | location = Japan| page = | isbn = }} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |script-title=ja: JR特急列車年鑑2013 |trans-title= Limited Express Annual 2013| publisher = Ikaros Publications Ltd. | date = 20 December 2012 | location = Tokyo, Japan |language = Japanese | page = 166| isbn = 978-4-86320-654-0}} 5. ^JR East press release: "２００５年１２月ダイヤ改正について" (30 September 2005). Retrieved on 3 September. {{ja icon}} 6. ^{{cite news|script-title=ja:特急「あやめ」４０年の歴史に幕 バス競合で低迷|trans-title= Limited express "Ayame" discontinued after 40 years - struggling against bus competition|url=http://www.sankei.com/region/news/150313/rgn1503130033-n1.html|work=Sankei News|publisher = The Sankei Shimbun & Sankei Digital |language = Japanese |date=13 March 2015|accessdate=28 April 2015}} 7. ^{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2014夏 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations - Summer 2014 |publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha |date = 30 May 2014 |location = Japan |language = Japanese |page =51 |isbn = 978-4-330-46614-9}} External links{{Commons category|Ayame (train)}}
4 : East Japan Railway Company|Named passenger trains of Japan|Railway services introduced in 1975|Railway services discontinued in 2015 |
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