| 词条 | Bahun |
| 释义 |
| group = Bahun/Hill Brahmin/Khas Brahmin | native_name = बाहुन/पहाडी ब्राह्मण/खस ब्राह्मण | native_name_lang = nepali | image = File:Bratabandh(traditional_customs_done_by_brahmins)_(4).JPG | image_caption = A Bahun man wearing the traditional Janai thread at Bratabandha ceremony in Nepal | poptime = | population = | region1 = {{flag|Nepal}} | pop1 = 3,226,903 (12.2% of Nepal's population) [1] | region2 = India, Bhutan and Burma | langs = Nepali language (Khas kura) | rels = Hinduism (approx. all) | related = Khas people, Chhetri, Kumaoni people, Garhwali people }}{{Hinduism}}Bahun ({{lang-ne|बाहुन}}) or Khas Brahmin{{sfn|John T Hitchcock|1978|pp=116-119}}({{lang-ne|खस ब्राह्मण}}) is a caste among Khas ethnic Pahari people. Bahun is a local colloquial term for the Nepali-speaking hill Brahmins. According to 2011 Nepal census, Bahun or Brahmin-Hill stands as second most populous group after Chhetri in Nepal.[1] According to 1854 Muluki Ain (Nepalese Legal Code), Bahuns were regarded as caste among sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born Hindus.{{sfn|Sherchan|2001|p=14}} HistoryTraditionally, Bahuns (called "Khas Brahmins") were member of Khas community together with Chhetris (Khas Kshatriyas).{{sfn|John T Hitchcock|1978|pp=116-119}} Possibly due to political power of the Khasa Malla kingdom, Khas Bahun and Khas Rajput had high social status as immigrant plain Brahmins and Rajputs in the present-day western Nepal.{{sfn|John T Hitchcock|1978|pp=116-119}} Bahuns, regarded as upper class Khas group together with Chhetri, were associated mostly with the Gorkha Kingdom.{{sfn|Whelpton|2005|p=31}} Bahun (with Chhetri) are referred with tribal designation of Khas in most of the context than lower occupational Khas castes like Kami, Sarki, etc.{{sfn|Whelpton|2005|p=31}} Clans and surnamesBahuns were divided into two clans on the basis of residency. The Bahun residents east of Mahakali river were known as Purbiya Bahun and west of the river were known as Kumain Bahun.{{sfn|Subba|1989|p=30}} Kumain is a direct derivative of Kumaoni, meaning residents of Kumaon.{{sfn|Subba|1989|p=30}} DemographyAccording to 2011 Nepal census, Bahun or Brahmin-Hill stands as second most populous group after Chhetri in Nepal with 12.2% of Nepal's population (or 32,26,903 peoples).[1] Bahun (Hill-Brahmins) are the second largest Hindu group with Hindu population of 3,212,704 (99.6% of Bahuns) as per the 2011 Nepal census.[1] Hill-Brahmins are largest group in 11 districts in Nepal; Jhapa, Morang, Kathmandu, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, Rupandehi, Kaski, Syangja, Parbat, Gulmi and Arghakhanchi. Among these, Bahuns in Parbat (35.7%), Arghakhanchi (32.8%) and Syangja (30.9%) consist more than 30% of district population while Kathmandu consists largest Bahun population with 410,126 (23.5%).[1] Bahuns have the highest civil service representation with 39.2% of Nepal's bureaucracy while having only 12.1% of Nepal's total population. The civil service representation to population ratio is 3.2 times for Bahuns which is fourth in Nepal. Kshetris represent 5.6 times in civil services to their percentage of population, which is the highest in Nepal.[2] BahunbaadBahunbaad along with Bahun-Chhetri phenomenon has been dubbed as socio-political dominance of Khas-Pahades in Nepal. This dominance has emerged a critical condition for Bahun and Chhetri males for depriving of opportunities due to quota and Reservation for other castes.[3] Ethnic hatred against Bahun-Chhetri includes a former member of the Federal Socialist Party's revelation of their party's promotion of Bahun-Chhetri hatred using slogan of chopping Bahun-Chhetris off. Former Prime Minister of Nepal, Baburam Bhattarai had argued that Khas Arya dominates the 80% institutions in Nepal and meritocratic system should not be introduced in Nepal. Opposingly, it is widely known that the Bahun-Chhetri dominance was based on formal legal system and the guilt of state capture is targeted by quota-reservation supporters.[4] EU mission also suggested the Nepalese government to deny Khas Aryas their proportional representation election quota.[5]Notable people
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|URL=https://unstats.un.org/unsD/demographic/sources/census/wphc/Nepal/Nepal-Census-2011-Vol1.pdf|title=Nepal Census 2011}} 2. ^{{Cite news|first=Amit|last=Dhakal|URL=http://archive.setopati.com/raajneeti/12636/|title= निजामती सेवामा सबैभन्दा बढी प्रतिनिधित्व राजपूत, कायस्थ र तराई ब्राम्हण|date=11 June 2014|newspaper= Setopati|access-date=25 January 2018}} 3. ^{{Cite news|first=Trailokya Raj|last=Aryal|URL=http://www.myrepublica.com/news/20612/|title= The Bahun narrative|date=24 May 2017|newspaper= Myrepublica|access-date=25 January 2018}} 4. ^{{Cite news|last=Khadka|first =Suman |URL=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/printedition/news/2015-02-25/drawing-caste-lines.html|title= Drawing caste lines|date=25 Feb 2015|newspaper= The Kathmandu Post|access-date=25 January 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/ampnews/2018-03-28/pm-briefs-international-community.html|title=The Kathmandu Post -PM briefs international community|author=|date=|website=kathmandupost.ekantipur.com|accessdate=6 April 2018}} 6. ^{{cite book | last = Raj | first = Prakash A. | title = Dancing Democracy: The power of a Third Eye | publisher = Rupa & Company | year = 2006 | isbn = 9788129109460 | location = | pages = | url = https://books.google.com.np/books?id=rVNuAAAAMAAJ&q=sarbajit+rana+magar&dq=sarbajit+rana+magar&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjLgvnSr6rYAhVKL48KHeVWDowQ6AEIJDAC}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title= Girija Prasad Koirala: The architect of democracy in Nepal|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/822354|accessdate=13 December 2017|newspaper= Dawn|date=23 March 2010}} 8. ^{{cite book|title=Westminster legacies|publisher=UNSW Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-86840-848-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JTg0ZTM8X4oC&pg=PA63&dq|accessdate= 2009-05-15}} 9. ^{{cite news|title= Flight of a free bird|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/archive/54381/Flight-of-a-free-bird|accessdate=13 December 2017|newspaper= My Republica|last=|first=|date=7 March 2011}} 10. ^{{cite news|title= Man Mohan Adhikari|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/1999/may/04/guardianobituaries.suzannegoldenberg|accessdate=13 December 2017|newspaper= The Guardian|last=Goldenberg|first=Suzanne|date=4 May 1999}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-08/03/c_135561309.htm|title=CPN Maoist Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal elected as 39th Prime Minister of Nepal|publisher=Xinhuanet|access-date=2017-12-13}} 12. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/Prachanda-elected-Prime-Minister-of-Nepal/article15282412.ece|title=Prachanda elected Prime Minister of Nepal|publisher=The Hindu|access-date=2017-12-13}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2014/05/23/cpn-uml-comrades-apart/| title = CPN-UML Comrades Apart | publisher = Spotlight Nepal Magazine| access-date=2017-12-13}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://nepalitimes.com/news.php?id=15581#.WoEo8YHA40M|title=Caste no bar|publisher=Nepali Times|date =16 January 2009|access-date =12 February 2018}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.nepalitimes.com/blogs/thebrief/2015/10/11/the-original-maoist/|title=The Original Maoist|publisher=Nepali Times|access-date=2017-12-13}} 16. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.catchnews.com/international-news/kp-sharma-oli-why-nepal-s-new-pm-isn-t-the-right-man-for-the-job-1444823268.html|title=KP Sharma Oli-why Nepal's new PM isn't the right man for the job|publisher=catchnews.com|access-date=2017-12-13}} Bibliography
7 : Brahmin communities of Nepal|Khas people|Brahmins|Nepalese people|Gurkhas|Ethnic groups in Northeast India|Ethnic groups in South Asia |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。