| 词条 | Guyford Stever | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Guyford Stever | image = Guyford Stever.jpg | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | order1 = 1st | title1 = Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy | term_start1 = 1976 | term_end1 = 1977 | president1 = Gerald Ford | predecessor1 = | successor1 = Frank Press | order2 = 4th | title2 = Director of the National Science Foundation | term_start2 = 1972 | term_end2 = 1976 | president2 = Richard Nixon Gerald Ford | predecessor2 = William D. McElroy | successor2 = Richard C. Atkinson | order3 = 5th | title3 = President of Carnegie Mellon University | term_start3 = 1965 | term_end3 = 1972 | predecessor3 = John Warner | successor3 = Richard Cyert | birth_name = Horton Guyford Stever | birth_date = {{birth date |1916|10|24}} | birth_place = Corning, New York | death_date = {{death date and age |2010|4|9|1916|10|24}} | death_place = Gaithersburg, Maryland | death_cause = | resting_place = | other_names = | residence = Gaithersburg, Maryland | citizenship = | nationality = United States | spouse = | partner = | children = | footnotes = | module = | fields = Physics | workplaces = Massachusetts Institute of Technology | education = | alma_mater = Colgate University California Institute of Technology | thesis_title = 1. The discharge mechanism of Geiger counters. 2. The mean lifetime of the mesotron from electroscope data | thesis_url = https://search.proquest.com/docview/301869887/ | thesis_year = 1941 | doctoral_advisor = Victor Neher | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = | influences = | influenced = | awards = }}Horton Guyford Stever (October 24, 1916 – April 9, 2010) was an American administrator, physicist, educator, and engineer. He was a director of National Science Foundation (from February 1972 to August 1976) [1] BiographyStever was raised in Corning, New York, principally by his maternal grandmother. He played football in high school. He graduated from Colgate University with an undergraduate degree in physics and then from California Institute of Technology in 1941 with a Ph.D. in physics.[2] He joined the staff of the radiation lab at MIT. In 1942 he began serving the military as a civilian scientific liaison officer based in London, England until the end of World War II. After D-Day he was sent to France several times to study German technology. He returned to MIT after the war, serving as associate dean of engineering there from 1956 to 1959 and then as a department head. In 1965 he became the fifth President of Carnegie Mellon University (and the first under that name, in 1967), a position he held until 1972. Stever House, a dorm on Carnegie Mellon's campus is named for him. During this period, he was also chairman of the aeronautics and space engineering board for the National Academy of Engineering advising NASA and other Federal agencies.[3] He also served as the director of the National Science Foundation from 1972 until 1976. Between 1976 and 1977 he was President Gerald Ford's Science Advisor. He also served on the board of trustees of Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public, from 1982 to 2006. Stever received an LL.D. from Bates College in 1977. In 1997, he received the Vannevar Bush Award from the National Science Board. Stever died at his home in Gaithersburg, Maryland on April 9, 2010.[4] NACA Special Committee on Space TechnologyGuyford Stever was chairman or member of numerous advisory committees to the U.S. government. The NACA's Special Committee on Space Technology, also called the "Stever Committee," was among the better-known of these. It was a special steering committee that was formed with the mandate to coordinate various branches of the Federal government, private companies as well as universities within the United States with NACA's objectives and also harness their expertise in order to develop a space program.[5] Remarkably, Hendrik Wade Bode, the man who helped develop the robot weapons that brought down the Nazi V-1 flying bombs over London during WWII, was actually serving on the same committee and sitting at the same table as the chief engineer of the V-2, the other weapon that terrorised London: Wernher von Braun.[6][7] As of their meeting on May 26, 1958, committee members, starting clockwise from the left of the adjacent picture, included:[5]
NRC Committee on Human Exploration of SpaceIn 1990 Stever chaired a Committee on Human Exploration of Space for the National Research Council. The committee released a report titled, Human Exploration of Space: A Review of NASA's 90-Day Study and Alternatives.[8] References
Footnotes1. ^[https://www.nsf.gov/about/history/bios/hgstever.jsp National Science Foundation] {{s-start}}{{s-aca}}{{succession box | before = John Warner | title = Carnegie Mellon University President | years = 1965–1972 | after = Richard Cyert}}2. ^{{cite thesis |url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/301869887/ |title=1. The discharge mechanism of Geiger counters. 2. The mean lifetime of the mesotron from electroscope data |date=1941 |publisher=California Institute of Technology |type=Ph.D. |last=Stever |first=Horton Guyford |via=ProQuest |subscription=yes |oclc=437069509}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1990/09/09/859290.html?pageNumber=32|title=Unit Formed to Aid NASA|accessdate=2017-11-02|year=1967|newspaper=New York Times }} 4. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/14/science/space/14stever.html?pagewanted=all |title=H. G. Stever, Who Advised Leaders on Science, Dies at 93 |newspaper=New York Times |date=April 14, 2010 |first=Dennis |last=Hevesi}} 5. ^1 [https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4306/ch8.htm NASA Historical Website] 6. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20020822062322/http://cndyorks.gn.apc.org/yspace/articles/vonbraun.htm ...missile research centre run by Wernher von Braun, who later worked on the American space programme](10 June 2001 Germans at last learn truth about von Braun's 'space research' base. By Tony Paterson in Peenemunde, The Telegraph. Retrieved 9-3-07) 7. ^...Von Braun soon went to work at a secret laboratory called Peenemünde near the Baltic Sea... heading up the team that developed the V2 missile (IEEE Global History Network Retrieved 1-4-09) 8. ^* Human Exploration of Space: A Review of NASA's 90-Day Study and Alternatives. |-{{s-gov}}{{succession box | before = William D. McElroy | title = Director of the National Science Foundation | years = February 1972 – August 1976 | after = Richard C. Atkinson}}{{succession box |before=Office created |title=Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy |years=August 1976-January 1977 |after=Frank Press}}{{s-end}}{{Winners of the National Medal of Science|engineering}}{{Carnegie Mellon presidents}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Stever, Guyford}} 16 : Office of Science and Technology Policy officials|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Presidents of Carnegie Mellon University|Colgate University alumni|American physicists|Engineers from New York (state)|1916 births|2010 deaths|National Medal of Science laureates|Vannevar Bush Award recipients|Chief Scientists of the United States Air Force|National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics|NASA people|California Institute of Technology alumni|People from Corning, New York|Scientists from New York (state) |
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