| 词条 | Balthasar Beschey |
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Balthasar Beschey (1708, Antwerp – 1776, Antwerp) was a Flemish painter, draughtsman and decorative painter of interiors. He started his career as landscape painter but later on switched to history and portrait painting. He played a prominent role in the development of the Academy of Arts in Antwerp and as a teacher. LifeBalthasar Beschey was born in Antwerp in 1708 as the son of Jacob Beschey and Maria-Theresia Huaert.[1] Balthasar had four brothers, who all became painters. The best known was his elder brother Carel who was a landscape painter. His younger brothers were Jacob Andries who specialized in religious scenes, Jozef Hendrik who worked under the pseudonym Francis Lindo as a portrait painter in England and Jan Frans who established himself as a painter and art dealer in London.[2][3][4] Balthasar Beschey studied painting under the little known Pieter Strick. He became a master in the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke on 25 November 1752. He married Johanna Catharina Rosa Pauwels on 14 January 1753.[1] Balthasar Beschey became a professor and from 1755 a director of the Academy of Arts in Antwerp. He was the dean of the Guild of Saint Luke in 1775/76.[2] Balthasar Beschey operated in Antwerp an art restoration workshop and art dealership.[5] Thanks to his connections in England through his brother Jan Frans, he was able to export Flemish paintings to England. There exists a record of a shipment of 9 paintings for a total value of 270 guilders, which he sent to his brother in London in 1751.[3] He was the teacher of Hendrik-Jozef Antonissen, Andries Cornels Lens and Pieter Jozef Verhaghen.[1][6][7] It is possible that his nephew, also called Balthasar, who was the son of his brother Joseph Hendrik active in England, was his pupil. This Baltasar the Younger established himself later as a portrait painter in Amsterdam and his works have been misattributed to his uncle.[4] WorkGeneralBalthasar Beschey painted in the first half of his career mainly landscapes but later he switched to history and portrait painting. He also produced a number of genre paintings.[2] He often followed and even copied the work of Rubens and van Dyck in his history paintings and that of Jan Brueghel the Elder in his landscapes.[8][9] A religious composition which is not derivative of Rubens is The liberation of St Peter from his chains painted for a clandestine church in Amsterdam.[5] Genre scenesThe Hermitage Museum has two genre paintings by Beschey which represent the five senses, a subject popular in Flemish art.[10] Christie’s sold another pair of genre scenes at its 30 March 2015 sale in Paris (lot 15) representing respectively a fishmarket and a Commedia dell'Arte scene.[11] PortraitsBalthasar Beschey painted single as well as group portraits. In his Self-portrait (Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp), which the artist donated in 1763 to the Academy of Antwerp, he painted himself in a flamboyant manner with his right arm loosely hanging over the back of a chair and a large palette in his left hand. He is working on a figure composition but it is not clear exactly which subject he is painting. It could be a Venus with Cupid or alternatively, an allegory, possibly of the fine arts. The work is very similar in style to French portraiture of that time. Beschey also follows the French fashion with his yellow silk jacket with frill and powdered wig.[12] He painted a pair of family portraits of two generations of the Cremers family, one representing the family in an outdoor setting playing music and the second representing the wedding of the parents Cremer who are all seated and making music. In the first painting, Jacob Johannes Cremers is seated on the left side between the artist who portrayed himself standing with a palette in his hand and an ecclesiast.[13] Selected worksRoyal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp:
Louvre, Paris:
Hermitage, Petersburg:
Azerbaijan National Museum, Baku, Azerbaijan
References1. ^1 2 Balthasar Beschey at the Netherlands Institute for Art History {{link language|nl|Middle Dutch}} 2. ^1 2 Balthasar Beschey, Saint Paul and Saint Anthony at Jean Moust 3. ^1 Charlotte Gould, Sophie Mesplède, Marketing Art in the British Isles, 1700 to the Present: A Cultural History, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2012, p. 106 4. ^1 Tom van der Molen, De Amsterdamse Balthazar Bescheij (1738-1804), Een nieuwe toeschrijving bij een voluit gesigneerd portret at the Amsterdam Museum, 27 January 2015 {{link language|nl|Middle Dutch}} 5. ^1 Schilderij van Baltasar Beschey in Sint Petrus’ Bandenkerk in Diemen {{link language|nl|Middle Dutch}} 6. ^Andries Cornels Lens, in: A.J. van der Aa, Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden. Deel 11. J.J. van Brederode, Haarlem 1865, p. 335-336 7. ^Brief biography of Pieter Josef Verhaghen at: Comité Leuven-'s-Hertogenbosch {{link language|nl|Middle Dutch}} 8. ^Balthasar Beschey: Die Ruhe auf der Flucht at Van Ham {{link language|de|German}} 9. ^About Theobald Michau at Jean Moust 10. ^Beschey’s works at the Hermitage 11. ^Beschey’s genre works at the Christie’s sale 12. ^Balthasar Beschey, Self-Portrait at the Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp {{link language|nl|Middle Dutch}} 13. ^Balthasar Beschey, Pair of portraits of the family Cremer at Christie's External links
12 : 1708 births|1776 deaths|Artists from Antwerp|Flemish history painters|Flemish landscape painters|Flemish portrait painters|Flemish genre painters|Flemish art dealers|Faculty of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp)|Members of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke|18th-century Flemish painters|18th-century painters from the Southern Netherlands |
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