“Gymir”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

In Norse mythology, Gymir was a giant whose daughter, Gerðr, married the god Freyr.

According to the Eddic poems Skírnismál and Hyndluljóð, Gymir and his wife Aurboða are Gerð's and her brother Beli's parents.^[1] He is also listed as a distinct cousin to Thjazi. In the Prose Edda, Snorri Sturluson gave this information in Gylfaginning but in a list of kennings in Skáldskaparmál equates Gymir with the god and giant Ægir,^[2] citing a verse by Hofgarða-Refr Gestsson where the kenning in question probably simply substitutes one giant-name for another.^[3] Gymir is also equated with Ægir in the prose introduction to Lokasenna; however, the Nafnaþulur added later to the Prose Edda list him among the giants. He is credited to live in a great house in Jotunheim surrounded by dogs.^[4]

Gymir has usually been interpreted as a sea-giant, but Magnus Olsen regarded him as an earth giant in connection with his interpretation of Skírnismál in light of the hieros gamos^[5] and he has also been seen as a chthonic deity.^[6] Suggestions as to the etymology and meaning of his name include 'earthman', 'the wintry one', 'the protector' and 'the bellower'.^[7]

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Facts on File Incorporated|title=Norse Mythology A-Z|date=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|page=44|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ar5-hM_llvwC&pg=PT58&lpg=PT58&dq=gymir+norse+mythology&source=bl&ots=LViWVlT-3X&sig=OIZKGhOoos169qQh7MVZfHwCChw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBGoVChMIxuqSnaqMyQIVRuUmCh01ywL_#v=onepage&q=gymir%20norse%20mythology&f=false|accessdate=13 November 2015}}
2. ^John Lindow, Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 2001, repr. Oxford University Press, 2002, {{ISBN|0-19-515382-0}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=jME8hD2UO4QC&pg=PA156&dq=John+Lindow,+Norse+Mythology+Gymir&hl=en&ei=dIUjTeKfDJm0cKDWqK4K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 156].
3. ^Rudolf Simek, Dictionary of Northern Mythology, tr. Angela Hall, Cambridge: Brewer, 1993, repr. 2000, {{ISBN|0-85991-513-1}}, p. 126.
4. ^{{cite book|author=Facts on File Incorporated|title=Norse Mythology A-Z|date=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|page=44|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ar5-hM_llvwC&pg=PT58&lpg=PT58&dq=gymir+norse+mythology&source=bl&ots=LViWVlT-3X&sig=OIZKGhOoos169qQh7MVZfHwCChw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBGoVChMIxuqSnaqMyQIVRuUmCh01ywL_#v=onepage&q=gymir%20norse%20mythology&f=false|accessdate=13 November 2015}}
5. ^"Fra gammelnorsk myte og kultus", Maal og Minne 1 (1909) 17-36, p. 21 {{no icon}}; Jan de Vries, Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte, volume 1, 2nd ed. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1956, repr. 1970, [https://books.google.com/books?ei=hpUjTde6PMGPcab97KsK&ct=result&id=DoIIAQAAIAAJ&dq=Jan+de+Vries%2C+Altgermanische+Religionsgeschichte&q=Dahlgren+7%2C+10%3B+aber+Olsen+4%2C+21+fa%C3%9Ft+ihn+als+Erdriese#search_anchor p. 251, note 1] {{de icon}}
6. ^de Vries, volume 2, 2nd ed. 1957, repr. 1970, [https://books.google.com/books?ei=2pYjTYqIIMWycODLodAK&ct=result&id=iIIIAQAAIAAJ&dq=Jan+de+Vries%2C+Altgermanische+Religionsgeschichte+%22Ihr+Vater%2C+der+Meerriese+Gymir%2C+wird+als+chthonische+Gottheit%22&q=%22Ihr+Vater%2C+der+Meerriese+Gymir%2C+wird+als+chthonische+Gottheit%22#search_anchor p. 180, note 1].
7. ^Simek, p. 127.
8. ^Lindow, [https://books.google.com/books?id=jME8hD2UO4QC&pg=PA138&dq=Gerd+Geyser&hl=en&ei=X44jTf-6IYmcvgOv7aHoDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gerd%20Geyser&f=false p. 138], "Geyser".