| 词条 | Baranikha, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |
| 释义 |
|en_name=Baranikha |ru_name=Бараниха |other_name |other_lang |image_skyline |image_caption |map_label_position=bottom |coordinates = {{coord|68|31|11|N|168|05|00|E|display=inline,title}} |federal_subject=Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |federal_subject_ref=[1] |adm_data_as_of=September 2009 |adm_district_jur=Chaunsky District |adm_district_jur_ref=[1] |inhabloc_cat=Inhabited locality |inhabloc_cat_ref=[3] |inhabloc_type=Urban-type settlement |inhabloc_type_ref=[3] |area_of_what |area_as_of |area_km2 |area_km2_ref |pop_2002census=33 |pop_2002census_ref=[1] |pop_latest=460 |pop_latest_date=2006 |pop_latest_ref=[1] |established_date=1960 |established_title |established_date_ref=[1] |current_cat_date |current_cat_date_ref |prev_name1 |prev_name2 |prev_name3 |prev_name4 |prev_name5 |prev_name1_date |prev_name2_date |prev_name3_date |prev_name4_date |prev_name5_date |prev_name1_ref |prev_name2_rf |prev_name3_ref |prev_name4_ref |prev_name5_ref |abolished_date=1999 |abolished_date_ref=[8] |postal_codes=689400 |dialing_codes |dialing_codes_ref |website |website_ref |date=October 2009 }} Baranikha ({{lang-ru|Бара́ниха}}) is an inhabited locality (an urban-type settlement)[2] in Chaunsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia.[3] Population: 33 (2002 Census);[3] {{su-census1989|1,996|.}} The 2002 census data shows the population to consist of twenty-three males and ten females,[3] despite the fact that the village had been formally closed in 1999.[8] By 2005, this had fallen to only 15 people according to an environmental impact report for the Kupol Gold Project,[4] although other sources[1] suggest that the population had risen to 460 only a year later. GeographyThe settlement stands on the Rauchua River (Bolshaya Baranikha), which it takes its name from. The Baranikha River was initially called Kitepveyem by the Chukchi, meaning "the river of argali" (mountain sheep).[5] The mountain sheep are still common in the surrounding area, and can often be seen on the shores of nearby lakes.[1] HistoryOriginsLocal legend holds that a young man was once tricked into becoming the husband of a woman from a village of cannibals. Having been led against his will to their village and forced to use sleight of hand to avoid partaking in a wedding banquet of human flesh, during their wedding night, he killed her with an awl and a knife and escaped in an iron canoe, having drilled holes in all the other wooden canoes. When the bride's family realised she was missing, they checked her room and found her disembodied head, which, apparently, was still sentient, and along with the other villagers gave chase. However, since the canoes were full of holes they sank quickly. Only the woman's head continued the chase, but when it arrived near the man's village, it, along with the wooden canoe, turned into stone on the shores of the mouth of the Baranikha River, close to the present day settlement.[6] By the beginning of the 19th century, the Baranikha River formed the westernmost boundary of the Chukchi territory.[7] Modern dayThe present-day settlement was founded in 1960 following the discovery of gold and tin in the region, and a mine named "Twenty-second Congress of the CPSU" was established.[8] On 30 December 1971, an Aeroflot-owned Ilyushin-14 (CCCP-91570) crashed at the Baranikha airport.[9] There is a radioisotope thermoelectric generator near the settlement.[10] Access to this generator is unrestricted and in 2000 it was discovered that background radiation levels were found to be several times higher than the maximum prescribed norms.[10] However, due to financial difficulties caused by the isolation of this RTG, it has still not been dismantled and evacuated.[10] The mines were declared unprofitable and that there was no possibility of developing any other form of economy in 1999 and the settlement was closed along with a number of others in Chukotka.[11] The Russian government guaranteed funds to transport non-working pensioners and the unemployed in liquidated settlements including Baranikha from Chukotka to other parts of Russia.[11] The Ministry of railways was obliged to lease containers for the transportation of the migrants' goods to the Chukotkan administration and ensure that they were delivered to the various settlements.[11] However, reality was somewhat different and the logistics of the operation created significant difficulties for many of those people remaining in Baranikha following its closure as reported in a local newspaper: {{Cquote|text=...The people of Baranikha are still waiting for containers for the transportation of their household goods. The special hardship case families number about a dozen, but there are not enough containers. Twenty five containers ready for dispatch stand at their homes waiting for transportation. It is impossible to get them to Pevek as there are no on-board machines, cranes or forklifts. The people grow more excited by the day, there is no coal and the only local furnace is in the third barracks. Hot water is supplied to the apartments for only one to two hours a day, whilst the inside temperature is about seven degrees Celsius.|author=North Star newspaper ({{lang-ru|Полярная Звезда}})[12]}}EconomyLike many of the other settlements in the area which were founded by miners settling here, Baranikha's population has been declining steadily since tin production was reduced.[1] By 1968, the population had reached 3,100 people, but thirty years later, the settlement's population dropped sharply when it was decided that the mine was no longer profitable.[8] As of 2009, Baranikha is included in the list of settlements currently in the process of being liquidated.[2] TransportBaranikha is not connected by permanent road to any other part of the world. However, there is a small network of roads within the settlement including:[13]
ClimateBaranikha has a Tundra climate (ET)[14] because the warmest month has an average temperature between {{convert|0|°C|°F|abbr=on}} and {{convert|10|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. {{Weather box|single line= Yes |metric first= Yes |location= Baranikha |Jan record high C=2 |Feb record high C=0 |Mar record high C=34.9 |Apr record high C=10 |May record high C=16.2 |Jun record high C=28.0 |Jul record high C=30 |Aug record high C=26.1 |Sep record high C=22 |Oct record high C=5 |Nov record high C=2 |Dec record high C=-2.8 |year record high C=34.9 |Jan high C=-18.3 |Feb high C=-20.4 |Mar high C=-19.9 |Apr high C=-13.7 |May high C=-2.1 |Jun high C=6.7 |Jul high C=9.6 |Aug high C=7.8 |Sep high C=2.4 |Oct high C=-6.9 |Nov high C=-16.7 |Dec high C=-19.6 |year high C=-6.5 |Jan low C=-23.4 |Feb low C=-26.2 |Mar low C=-25.6 |Apr low C=-19.2 |May low C=-6.7 |Jun low C=2.1 |Jul low C=5.1 |Aug low C=4.1 |Sep low C=-0.5 |Oct low C=-9.7 |Nov low C=-19.6 |Dec low C=-22.1 |year low C=-11.8 |Jan record low C=-51 |Feb record low C=-56 |Mar record low C=-46.4 |Apr record low C=-41.1 |May record low C=-30 |Jun record low C=-9.7 |Jul record low C=-0.7 |Aug record low C=-3.2 |Sep record low C=-18 |Oct record low C=-33 |Nov record low C=-44.5 |Dec record low C=-47 |year record low C=-31.7 |Jan rain mm=9 |Feb rain mm=6 |Mar rain mm=3 |Apr rain mm=3 |May rain mm=6 |Jun rain mm=6 |Jul rain mm=21 |Aug rain mm=12 |Sep rain mm=9 |Oct rain mm=6 |Nov rain mm=6 |Dec rain mm=9 |year rain mm=96 |Jan snow days=14 |Feb snow days=10 |Mar snow days=8 |Apr snow days=9 |May snow days=7 |Jun snow days=2 |Jul snow days=0 |Aug snow days=1 |Sep snow days=9 |Oct snow days=14 |Nov snow days=12 |Dec snow days=12 |year snow days=98 |source 1= [15] }} See also
ReferencesNotes1. ^1 2 3 4 Petit Fute, Chukotka, p. 110 2. ^1 2 3 Law #33, Article 14.2 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}} 4. ^Environmental Impact Assessment, Kupol Gold Project, Far East Russia June 2005, prepared by Bema Gold Corporation, p.87 5. ^V.V. Leontev and K.A. Novikova, Топонимический словарь северо-востока СССР (Toponymic Dictionary of the Northeastern USSR) (1989) Magadan. p.83 6. ^W. Bogoras. Tales of Yukaghir, Lamut and Russianised Natives of Eastern Siberia, Part 3, Chapter 24. 7. ^W. Bogoras [https://www.jstor.org/pss/659393 The Chukchi of Northeastern Asia] 8. ^1 Dead-cities.ru. Baranikha 9. ^Aviation Safety Network. Accident description 10. ^1 2 Bellona.org Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830053226/http://www.bellona.org/english_import_area/international/russia/navy/northern_fleet/incidents/37598 |date=30 August 2009 }} 11. ^1 2 3 4 Постановление Правительства РФ от 2 февраля 1998 г. N 128 О мерах социальной защиты населения ликвидируемых поселков золотодобытчиков в Чукотском автономном округe (Russian Federation Government resolution dated February 2, 1998 No. 128 on measures of social protection of the population of liquidating estates gold miners in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "Russian Federation Government resolution dated February 2, 1998 No. 128 on measures of social protection of the population of liquidating estates gold miners in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug). 12. ^North Star newspaper, 8 April 1999. 13. ^Baranikha - Chaunsky District - Pochtovik Mail Delivery Service 14. ^McKnightand Hess, pp.235-7 15. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.meoweather.com/history/Russian%20Federation/na/68.5166667/168.25/Baranikha.html |title=Weather History - Baranikha|publisher=meoweather.com |accessdate=29 June 2012 }} Sources
External links
4 : Urban-type settlements in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Populated places of Arctic Russia|Chukchi Sea|1960 establishments in the Soviet Union |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。