| 词条 | Barbara Rawdon-Hastings, Marchioness of Hastings |
| 释义 |
Barbara Rawdon-Hastings, 20th Baroness Grey de Ruthyn, Marchioness of Hastings (née Yelverton; 20 May 1810 – 18 November 1858) was a fossil collector and geological author. Early lifeBorn at Brandon House, Warwickshire, Barbara Yelverton was the only child of Henry Yelverton, 19th Baron Grey de Ruthyn (1780–1810), and of his wife Anna Maria Kelham (1792–1875). Her father was a friend of "mad, bad, and dangerous to know" Lord Byron, who referred to the new bride as "a rustic".[1] At seven months, her father's death made her Baroness Grey de Ruthyn. Little is known of her early life or education.[2] Personal lifeOn 1 August 1831, Lady Grey de Ruthyn married George Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd Marquess of Hastings (1808–1844), and they had six children together. On 9 April 1845, fifteen months after her first husband's death, she married secondly Captain Hastings Reginald Henry RN (1808–1878), who in 1849 took the name of Yelverton by royal licence. They settled at Efford House near Lymington and had one daughter, Barbara Yelverton (12 January 1849 – 1 October 1924), who married John Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baron Churston.[2][3] During her first marriage, Lady Hastings was nicknamed "the jolly fast marchioness", as she was fond of foreign travel and gambling.[2] Fossil collector and geologistLady Hastings was an avid collector of fossils, specializing in vertebrates. Since 1855 her collection has been housed in the British Museum, containing specimens found in Europe. The palaeontologist and anatomist Professor Richard Owen wrote of the thousands of fossils previously in her private museum at Efford House, among them "some of the finest in the world".[4] Her knowledge of local geology, especially of the Eocene, and her meticulous work on fossil remains, gave her an expertise which was respected by scholars. Lady Hastings associated with many eminent scientists during her lifetime, including Edward Forbes, Charles Lyell, Alexander Falconer, William Buckland and Richard Owen. The geologist Forbes referred to her as a "fossilist" and acknowledged her work.[5] Sixty-four of her letters to and from Owen are preserved in the Natural History Museum's Richard Owen Collection.[6] Owen proposed to name her discovered crocodile fossil, recovered from the Barton Beds at Hordle Cliff in Hampshire, Crocodilus hastingsae (now Diplocynodon) to honour "the accomplished lady by whom the singularly perfect example of the species had been recovered and restored".[2] In 1847, Lady Hastings presented her paper to the Oxford meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, exhibiting two crocodile skulls and the shell of a turtle from Hordle Cliff. She argued that crocodile remains found on the Hampshire coast and also on the Isle of Wight showed that the area of the Solent had been a freshwater river or lake.[2] Immediately after Richard Owen explained that the remains from Hordle suggested "a new genus of Pachyderm", which he named Paloplotherium, falling between Palaeotherium and Anoplotherium, during his presentation of the same fossils.[2] In 1852 and 1853 she published papers on the stratigraphy of Hordle Cliff (which she called the Hordwell cliff), the first such accurate accounts of it. She stated that her goal was to provide local information from which a comprehensive account of Tertiary stratigraphy could be created.[7] In 1858 she died in Rome and is buried there. Bibliography
References1. ^Collected Letters of Lord Byron {{s-start}}{{s-reg|en}}{{succession box | before=Henry Yelverton | title=Baroness Grey de Ruthyn | years=1810–1858 | after=Henry Rawdon-Hastings}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rawdon-Hastings, Barbara}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 Dadley, Portia, Hastings, Barbara Rawdon [née Barbara Yelverton], marchioness of Hastings and suo jure Baroness Grey de Ruthin (1810–1858), fossil collector and geological author in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004) 3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p1905.htm#i19047 | title=thePeerage.com | accessdate=2008-05-06| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080517125921/http://www.thepeerage.com/p1905.htm| archivedate= 17 May 2008 | deadurl= no}} 4. ^Owen, R., The Life of Richard Owen, vol. 1 (1894) p. 296 5. ^Wilson, G., Geikie, A., A Memoir of Edward Forbes, F.R.S., late regius professor of natural history in the University of Edinburgh (1861), p. 423 6. ^{{cite book|last=Ogilvie|first=Marilyn|title=The biographical dictionary of women in science : pioneering lives from ancient times to the mid-20th century.|year=2000|publisher=Routledge|location=New York, NY [u.a.]|isbn=0-415-92039-6|editor-first=Joy|editor-last=Harvey}} 7. ^Hastings, Marchioness of, 'On the Tertiary beds of Hordwell, Hampshire' in Philosophical Magazine, 4th series (1853) 13 : 1810 births|1858 deaths|Barons in the Peerage of England|British marchionesses|Daughters of barons|English natural history collectors|Grey family|Hastings family|Hereditary women peers|Women collectors|19th-century English women|Women science writers|19th-century women writers |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。