| 词条 | Battle of Canton (March 1841) |
| 释义 |
|conflict = First Battle of Canton |partof = First Opium War |image = Canton Operations, 18 March 1841.jpg |image_size = 300 |caption = Map of the naval operations at Canton, 18 March 1841 |date = 18 March 1841 |place = Canton, Guangdong, China |coordinates = {{coord|23.1104|113.2438|display=title}} |result = British victory |combatant1 = {{flagcountry|UKGBI}}
|combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Qing Dynasty (1862-1889).svg|border=no}} Qing China |commander1 = Charles Elliot James Bremer Thomas Herbert |commander2 = Qishan Yang Fang |strength1 = 9 ships[1] |strength2 = 5 forts |casualties1 = 7 killed[2] |casualties2 = 400 casualties[1] 123 guns captured[2] |notes = The official Chinese commander was Yishan, as a substitute for Qishan, but he had not reached Canton even by the time the battle ended.[3] }}{{Campaignbox First Opium War}} The First Battle of Canton was fought between British and Chinese forces in Canton, Guangdong Province, China, on 18{{nbsp}}March 1841 during the First Opium War. The capture led to the hoisting of the Union Jack on the British factory in Canton and the resumption of trade between the British and the Chinese.{{sfn | Bulletins and Other State Intelligence | 1841 | p = 357}} NarrativeFollowing the Convention of Chuenpi in January 1841, which among other clauses ceded the island of Hong Kong to Great Britain, the furious Qing Daoguang Emperor fired Imperial Commissioner Qishan. In his place the emperor appointed his nephew Yishan as "General-pacifier of the Rebellious" (jìngnì{{nbsp}}靖逆), with Lungwan (Long Wen,{{nbsp}}隆文) and Yang Fang as ministerial attaches to assist him.{{sfn | Waley | 1958 | p = 145}}{{sfn | Hall & Bernard | 1847 | p=159}} On{{nbsp}}20 March, British Plenipotentiary Charles Elliot announced the re-opening of trade after negotiations with Yang Fang as Lungwan and Yishan did not arrive in Canton until 14{{nbsp}}April.{{sfn|The Chinese Repository|1841| p = 234}} Notes1. ^1 Bulletins 1841, p. 361 2. ^1 Bulletins 1841, p. 362 3. ^{{cite book|author=军事科学院|title=《中国近代战争史》|chapter=第五节: 广东军民的抗英作战|year=1984|publisher=军事科学院出版社|isbn=}}
| last1 = Hall | first1 = William Hutcheon | last2 = Bernard | first2 = William Dallas | title = The Nemesis in China: Comprising a History of the Late War in that Country, with an Account of the Colony of Hong-Kong | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TB8LAAAAYAAJ | publisher = London: Henry Colburn | edition = 3rd | year = 1847}}
| last = Waley | first = Arthur | title = The Opium War Through Chinese Eyes | author-link = Arthur Waley | url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=acH8AQAAQBAJ | publisher = Taylor & Francis | isbn = 9781136576652 | year = 2013 | origyear=First published 1958}}
| title = Bulletins and Other State Intelligence | url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=J9Q1AAAAMAAJ | year = 1841 | publisher = Westminster: Printed by F. Watts. | series = Compiled and arranged from the official documents published in the London Gazette}}
| title = The Chinese Repository | editor1-last = Bridgman | editor1-first = Elijah Coleman | editor2-last = Williams | editor2-first = Samuel Wells | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=X5hCAAAAYAAJ | year = 1841 | volume=10}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} 4 : 1841 in China|Battles of the First Opium War|Conflicts in 1841|March 1841 events |
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