| 词条 | Battle of Frankfurt |
| 释义 |
| conflict = Battle of Frankfurt | partof = the Invasion of Germany during World War II | image = Frankfurt Am Main-Altstadt-Zerstoerung-Luftbild 1944.jpg | image_size = 300 | caption = An aerial view of Frankfurt after the war. | date = 26–29 March 1945 | place = Frankfurt am Main, Germany | result = Allied victory | combatant1 = {{flag|United States|1912}} | combatant2 = {{flag|Nazi Germany|name=Nazi Germany}} | commander1 = {{flagicon|United States|1912}} Stafford LeRoy Irwin {{flagicon|United States|1912}} Robert W. Grow | commander2 = {{flagicon|Nazi Germany}} Albert Kesselring {{flagicon|Nazi Germany}} Erich Löffler | units1 = 5th Infantry Division 6th Armored Division | units2 = LXXX Corps | strength1 = 2 divisions | strength2 = 1-2 divisions (understrength) | casualties1 = Unknown | casualties2 = 24 | notes = | campaignbox = }}{{Campaignbox Central Europe}} The Battle of Frankfurt was a four-day struggle for control of Frankfurt am Main during World War II. The 5th Infantry Division conducted the main attack while the 6th Armored Division provided support. The city was defended by the LXXX Corps of the Seventh Army. The 5th Infantry Division crossed the Rhine on 22 March and quickly established a bridgehead. By 23 March, the 5th had expanded its bridgehead five miles east, putting the division only 14 miles southwest of Frankfurt. Armored Task Forces pushed from the bridgehead then to the North towards Trebur and Gustavsburg and to the East towards Darmstadt. On March 25 the Wehrmacht Commander of the Darmstadt garrison surrendered and Darmstadt was liberated by the 6th Armored and 5th Infantry Divisions. On 26 March the 5th reached the southern outskirts of the city of Frankfurt and captured the Rhine-Main airbase.[1] The 6th linked up with the 5th and pushed through the southern outskirts (Sachsenhausen) to the river Main. There, units of the 5th found the mostly intact Wilhelmsbruecke bridge (today known as the Friedensbruecke). German engineers had tried to blow it up in the attempt to stop the US Forces on 25 March but failed to do so. Supported by US tank artillery, the troops of the 5th ID crossed the Wilhelmsbruecke under heavy fire on 27 March and entered the northern part of the city. The two divisions then fought the Germans in fierce house-to-house combat, slowly pushing through the city to the north and to the east. German OB West Albert Keßelring appointed Oberstleutnant Erich Löffler as new commanding officer for Frankfurt, with the task of halting the buildup of an American bridgehead on the north bank of the Main River. He assumed command of the city on 27 March, accompanied by nine officers. Shortly after, at around 2:30pm, a 105mm grenade hit his command post, killing Löffler and his accompanying officers. Generalmajor Friedrich Stemmermann was also seriously wounded by the explosion, crippling German military command in the city. On 29 March the city was brought under American control and a pontoon bridge built by combat engineers on the eastern side of the damaged Wilhelmsbruecke. After initially attempting to set up defensive machine gun positions, German soldiers were convinced by citizens to leave the city and minimise additional casualties. The remaining Wehrmacht are pushed northwards and out of the city by US troops. The building of the former Metallgesellschaft at todays Reuterweg is occupied by Lt. Col. William H. Blakefield, who establishes the new military government in Frankfurt. US Forces occupied the former IG Farben building and ultimately established their headquarters in what was Europe's largest administration building at the time. Oberstleutnant Erich Löffler and 23 other German soldiers were buried at the cities central cemetery on 29 March. AFN Luxembourg reported the city as liberated, however, small sporadic fighting continued until 4 April. Vogue war correspondent Lee Miller accompanied General Patton's Third Army and was among the first to report in the U.S. press on the liberation of Frankfurt. The Stars & Stripes reported the city as liberated on 30 March. [2] After capturing Frankfurt, the 5th Division spent a few day resting until 7 April when it was ordered to move north to support the III Corps of the First Army in the Ruhr Pocket.[2] References1. ^Stanton, Shelby, World War II Order of Battle: An Encyclopedic Reference to U.S. Army Ground Forces from Battalion through Division, 1939-1946 (Revised Edition, 2006), Stackpole Books, p. 57, 84. {{coord missing|Hesse}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}2. ^1 History of the 5th Infantry Division 6 : History of Frankfurt|Battles of World War II involving the United States|Battles of World War II involving Germany|1945 in Germany|20th century in Frankfurt|March 1945 events |
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