1. Background

2. Battle

3. Aftermath and implication

4. Citations

5. Bibliography

6. References

The Battle of Jiksan (직산 전투 was a military conflict fought between Ming and Japanese forces on 16 October 1597. It resulted in Ming victory but relatively minor casualties for the Japanese. It checked the Japanese advance north and marked the furthest they ever got to Hanseong.{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=467}}

Background

Ma Gui led Niu Boying and Jie Sheng to Jiksan, modern Cheonan, and laid an ambush there for the Japanese army.{{sfn|Swope|2009|p=246}}

Battle

On 16 October 1597, Kuroda Nagamasa's force of 5,000 arrived at Jiksan, where 6,000 Ming soldiers were stationed. Kuroda's vanguard charged the enemies despite being outnumbered and was soon joined by the rest of the army. Although almost evenly matched, the Japanese were unable to do much damage due to the Ming's superior armor. According to Kuroda and Mōri Hidemoto, their firearms could not penetrate the iron shields used by Chinese soldiers, and their armor was at least partially bulletproof.{{sfn|Swope|2009|p=248}} The battle continued until dusk and the two sides withdrew.{{sfn|Swope|2009|p=248}}{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=467}}

Kuroda launched another attack at night, this time in a pronged sweeping crane formation that sought to crush the enemies between them. The attack failed and turned into a rout that was joined by 2,000 Ming cavalry.{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=467}}

Aftermath and implication

Jiksan was the furthest the Japanese ever got towards reaching Hanseong during the second invasion. Although they were defeated at Jiksan, it was not a major loss, and resulted in an orderly retreat south by the Japanese.{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=467}}

Citations

Bibliography

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References

• Annals of Seonjo
• Chapter 259 history of the Ming
• Kuroda Kafu

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