| 词条 | Battle of Kaliakra (1912) |
| 释义 |
|image=BASA-1735K-1-516-1.JPG |image_size=300px |caption=Drazki and her crew |conflict=Battle of Kaliakra |partof=the First Balkan War |date=21 November 1912 |place=off Cape Kaliakra, Bulgaria, {{coord|43|19|N|28|29|E|region:BG}} |result=Bulgarian victory |combatant1= {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Bulgaria}} |combatant2={{flag|Ottoman Empire}} |commander1={{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Bulgaria (1878-1944).svg}} Captain Dimitar Dobrev |commander2={{flagdeco|Ottoman Empire|naval}} Captain Rauf Orbay |strength1=4 torpedo boats (Drazki, Letyashti, Smeli, Strogi) |strength2=1 cruiser (Hamidiye) 2 destroyers |casualties1=1 torpedo boat damaged 1 wounded |casualties2=1 cruiser damaged 8 killed 30 wounded }}{{Campaignbox First Balkan War}} The Battle of Kaliakra, usually known as the Attack of the Drazki ({{lang-bg|Атаката на Дръзки}}) in Bulgaria, was a maritime action between four Bulgarian torpedo boats and the Ottoman cruiser Hamidiye in the Black Sea. It took place on 21 November 1912 at 32 miles off Bulgaria's primary port of Varna. During the course of the First Balkan War, the Ottoman Empire's supplies were dangerously limited after the battles in Kirk Kilisse and Lule Burgas and the sea route from the Romanian port Constanţa to Istanbul became vital for the Ottomans. The Ottoman navy also imposed a blockade on the Bulgarian coast and on 15 October, the commander of the cruiser Hamidiye threatened to destroy Varna and Balchik, unless the two towns surrendered. On 21 November an Ottoman convoy was attacked by the four Bulgarian torpedo boats Drazki (Bold), Letyashti (Flying), Smeli (Brave) and Strogi (Strict). The attack was led by Letyashti, whose torpedoes missed, as did those of Smeli and Strogi, Smeli being damaged by a 150 mm round with one of her crewmen wounded. Drazki however got within 100 meters from the Ottoman cruiser and her torpedoes struck the cruiser's starboard side, causing a 10 square meter hole. However, Hamidiye was not sunk, due to her well-trained crew, strong forward bulkheads, the functionality of all her water pumps and a very calm sea. She did however have 8 crewmen killed and 30 wounded, and was repaired within months. After this encounter, the Ottoman blockade of the Bulgarian coast was significantly loosened. References
7 : Conflicts in 1912|Naval battles involving Bulgaria|Naval battles involving the Ottoman Empire|History of Varna|Military history of the Black Sea|Naval battles of the First Balkan War|November 1912 events |
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