| 词条 | Battle of Tornavento |
| 释义 |
|conflict=Battle of Tornavento |partof=Franco-Spanish War (1635) |image= |caption= |date= 22 June 1636 |place=Tornavento, near Oleggio and Lonate Pozzolo (present-day Italy) |casus= |territory= |result=French-Savoyard victory[1] |combatant1= {{flagcountry|Kingdom of France}} {{flagcountry|Duchy of Savoy}} |combatant2= {{flag|Spain|1506}} |commander1= {{flagicon|Kingdom of France}} Charles de Créquy {{flagicon|Duchy of Savoy}} Victor Amadeus I |commander2= {{flagicon|Spain|1506}} Marqués de Leganés |strength1= 16,700{{sfn|Hanlon|2016|p=83}}
|strength2= 14,500
|casualties1=1,310 killed and wounded{{sfn|Hanlon|2016|p=139}} |casualties2=2,500{{sfn|Hanlon|2016|p=137}}
|casualties3= |notes= }}{{Campaignbox Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659)}} The Battle of Tornavento was a battle fought in Italy on June 22, 1636 during the Thirty Years' War. In 1636, Cardinal Richelieu had persuaded the Duke of Savoy (Vittorio Amedeo I) to launch an offensive on the Spanish Duchy of Milan. A French Army crossed the Ticino river between Oleggio and Lonate Pozzolo, but was checked by a larger Spanish army, and dug in to await their Savoyard allies. On June 22 the Spanish attacked, but were held back after the arrival of the army of Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy. Fighting in the summer heat was savage and bloody, in a heathland described by Spanish officers as "sin àrbol, y con falta de agua" ("treeless, and lacking water").[2] The Spanish abandoned the battlefield and retired to Boffalora. The Franco-Savoyard army remained some days near Tornavento, sacking nearby towns and damaging a canal, but decided to conduct a withdrawal from Milanese territory. Little had been achieved with this battle and the invasion of Lombardy turned out to be a complete failure. ReenactmentEvery year in the hamlet of Tornavento a colourful and spectacular reenactment of the battle is held by volunteers, clothed and armed with uniforms and weapons in use at that time, from pike to musket and cannon. ReferencesCitations1. ^Thion p.134 2. ^{{cite web|title=Tornavento, 22 giugno 1636: strage in riva al Ticino|language=Italian|url=http://www3.varesenews.it/gallarate_malpensa/articolo.php?id=145134|publisher=Varesenews|accessdate=1 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928105851/http://www3.varesenews.it/gallarate_malpensa/articolo.php?id=145134|archive-date=2011-09-28|dead-url=yes|df=}} Bibliography
| last1 = Hanlon | first1 = Gregory | title = Italy 1636: Cemetery of Armies | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford | year = 2016 | isbn = 978-0-19-873824-4| ref = {{harvid|Hanlon|2016}} }}
External links
5 : Battles involving France|Battles involving Spain|Battles of the Thirty Years' War|Conflicts in 1636|1636 in Italy |
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