1. Allied Powers forces
    Canadian Corps 

2. Central Powers forces
    I Bavarian Reserve Corps  VIII Reserve Corps 

3. Notes

4. References

The Battle of Vimy Ridge was a military engagement fought as part of the Battle of Arras, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France, during the First World War. The main combatants were the Canadian Corps against three divisions of the German Sixth Army. The battle was part of the opening phase of the Battle of Arras, part Nivelle Offensive and took place from 9–12 April 1917. The objective of the Canadian Corps was to take control of the German-held high ground, along an escarpment at the northernmost end of the Arras Offensive. This would ensure that the southern flank could advance without suffering German enfilade fire.

This listing covers Allied Powers and Central Powers formations and units involved in the battle. Although the Canadian side is well studied, historians have had trouble determining the exact dispositions of the German forces and even more trouble assessing the casualties it suffered in the battle. The Canadian Corps suffered 10,602 casualties; 3,598 killed and 7,004 wounded.^[1] The German Sixth Army suffered an unknown number of casualties with an approximate 4,000 men becoming prisoners of war.^[2]

The significance of the Battle of Vimy Ridge is most strongly felt in Canada. Elsewhere the battle is principally noted as part of the much larger British offensive known as the Battles of Arras 1917.^[3] The historical reality of the battle has been reworked and reinterpreted, in a conscious attempt to give purpose and meaning to an event which came to symbolize Canada's coming of age as a nation.^[4] The idea that Canada achieved nationhood as a direct result of the experiences of the First World War, is an opinion widely held in military histories of Canada and also regularly appears in general histories.^[5] A {{convert|250|acre|ha|adj=on}} portion of the former battleground is preserved memorial park and site of the Canadian National Vimy Memorial.^[6]

Allied Powers forces

Canadian Corps

Central Powers forces

German Sixth Army commander General Ludwig von Falkenhausen had 20 divisions (plus reserves) responsible for the Cambrai–Lille sector.^[8] Vimy Ridge itself was principally defended by the ad hoc {{lang|de|Gruppe Vimy}} formation under the I Bavarian Reserve Corps commander General der Infanterie Karl von Fasbender.^[9] A division of {{lang|de|Gruppe Souchez}}, under the VIII Reserve Corps commander General Georg Karl Wichura, was also involved in the front-line defence along the northernmost portion of the ridge.^[10]

Three divisions were ultimately responsible for manning the front-line defences opposite the Canadian Corps. The 16th Bavarian Infantry Division was located opposite the town of Souchez and responsible for the defence of the northernmost section of the ridge. The division had been created in January 1917 from existing Bavarian formations and had so far only opposed the Canadian Corps.^[8] The 79th Reserve Division was responsible for the defence of the central section, including the highest point of the ridge, Hill 145.^[11] The 79th Reserve Division had fought for two years on the Eastern Front and was transferred to the Vimy sector at the end of February 1917. The 1st Bavarian Reserve Division had been in the Arras area since October 1914 and was holding the villages of Thélus, Bailleul and the southern slope of the ridge.^[8]

I Bavarian Reserve Corps

VIII Reserve Corps

Notes

References

• {{cite book |series=History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery |title=Western Front 1914–18 |last=Farndale |first=M. |authorlink=Martin Farndale |year=1986 |publisher=Royal Artillery Institution |location=London |edition= |isbn=1-870114-00-0}}
• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Godefroy 2

• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Hopkins

• {{cite paper | ref=Reference-Inglis

• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Moran

• {{cite book |series=Official History of the Canadian Army in the First World War |title=Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914–1919 |last=Nicholson |first=G. W. L. |year=1962 |publisher=Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationary |location=Ottawa |url=http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/his/docs/CEF_e.pdf |accessdate=24 February 2018 |OCLC=59609928}}
• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Nicholson2

• {{cite journal | ref = Reference-Pierce | last = Pierce | first = John | title = Constructing Memory: The Vimy Memorial | journal = Canadian Military History | volume = 1 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 4–14 | publisher = Laurier Centre for Military Strategic and Disarmament Studies | date = Spring 1992 | url = http://www.wlu.ca/lcmsds/cmh/back%20issues/CMH/volume%201/issue%201-2/Pierce%20-%20Constructing%20Memory%20-%20The%20Vimy%20Memorial.pdf | accessdate = 2009-02-02 | format = PDF | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090305091036/http://www.wlu.ca/lcmsds/cmh/back%20issues/CMH/volume%201/issue%201-2/Pierce%20-%20Constructing%20Memory%20-%20The%20Vimy%20Memorial.pdf | archivedate = 5 March 2009 | deadurl = yes | issn = 1195-8472}}
• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Sheldon2

• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Turner

• {{cite book | ref=Reference-Williams

• {{cite web|ref=Reference-Treaty E102661 |title=Canada Treaty Information |publisher=Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada |date=3 March 2011 |url=http://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/text-texte.aspx?id=102661#tphp |accessdate=9 July 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055852/http://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/text-texte.aspx?id=102661 |archivedate=21 September 2013 |df= }}

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