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词条 Bay to Breakers
释义

  1. History

  2. Organization and sponsors

  3. Course

  4. Participants

     Centipedes   Course records   Individual winners  Centipede winners 

  5. See also

  6. Notes

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2011}}{{Infobox Athleticrace
| bgcolour = orange
| image = 2010 05 16 Bay 2 Breakers pink gorilla.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| caption = Participants in the 2010 race
| date = Third Sunday in May
| location = San Francisco
| type = Road
| distance = 12 km
| est = 1912
| record = Men: 33:31 (2009)
Sammy Kitwara
Women: 38:07 (2010)
Lineth Chepkurui
| owner = Clarity Media Group San Francisco Examiner
| homepage = http://baytobreakers.com/
}}Bay to Breakers is an annual footrace in San Francisco, California on the third Sunday of May. The phrase "Bay to Breakers" reflects the fact that the race starts at the northeast end of the downtown area a few blocks from The Embarcadero (adjacent to San Francisco Bay) and runs west through the city to finish at the Great Highway (adjacent to the Pacific coast, where breakers crash onto Ocean Beach). The complete course is {{convert|7.46|mi|km}} long.[1]

Bay to Breakers is well known for many participants wearing costumes.[2][3] From 1986 to 2010, it was officially the world's largest footrace with 110,000 participants, until it was surpassed by City2Surf event in Sydney.[4][5] Attendance in 2015 was reported at roughly 50,000.[6] That year, Zappos.com signed on as the multi-year title sponsor of "Bay to Breakers"; the name of the race became "Zappos.com Bay to Breakers". As of 2017 the title sponsor of the race is Alaska Airlines.

History

Started as a way to lift the city's spirits after the disastrous 1906 San Francisco earthquake, it has been run for more consecutive years over a given course and length than has any other footrace in the world; although other footraces are older and have been run for more consecutive years, their courses and lengths have changed over time. [7] During World War II participation sometimes slipped below 50 registrants, but the tradition carried on. With 110,000 participants, the Bay to Breakers race held on May 18, 1986 was recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's largest footrace.[4] That record number was partly the product of the running boom of the 1980s; currently the average participation is between 70,000 and 80,000. Many participants do not register, of the estimated 60,000 participants in 2008, 33,000 were registered.[12] The San Francisco Examiner, a former sponsor of the race, published a list of the first 10,000 finishers the day after the race each year.

The route is typically dotted with various local bands performing. At the end of the race is a Finish Line Festival, a gathering where participants and spectators can enjoy musical performances by various musical acts.

In February 2009, city officials and race sponsors announced changes to the race regulations. The regulations included an official ban on floats, alcohol, drunkenness and nudity.[13] The changes were made to assuage the concerns of San Francisco residents along the parade route, who say the race has gotten out of hand in recent years.[14] The news sparked outrage amongst many Bay Area residents who said the changes would destroy much that has made the race a national treasure for most of the last century.[13]

Organization and sponsors

Bay to Breakers is owned and operated by Wasserman. In 2010, ING completed 5 years of sponsorship.[15] In 2011, online retailer Zazzle signed a deal to sponsor Bay to Breakers for 2 years.[16] After Zazzle dropped out as a title sponsor in 2013, the race was picked up by Craigslist.[17] In 2014, ZOZI, the B2B2C platform for the $125B global tours and activities market, signed a deal to sponsor Bay to Breakers.[18]

On February 12, 2014 Bay to Breakers announced a partnership with athletic apparel company Under Armour to provide race participants with hi-tech runner’s shirts.[19] All registered participants receive perks like the Under Armour T, as well as a MVP membership to Map My Fitness, Finisher Medals, Race Bib with Timing Tag, on course entertainment and access to the Finish Line Festival. On February 18, 2015 Zappos.com became the multi-year title sponsor of the event. As such, the event was renamed "Zappos.com Bay to Breakers".[20]

Course

The Bay to Breakers is held on a USA Track & Field certified point-to-point course.[21] USATF notes that the course is "wind dependent", therefore, a USA Track & Field record can only be set when it can be shown that there is no significant tailwind.[22]

The initial course started at the Ferry Building along Market Street to Golden Gate Avenue before turning onto Divisadero Street.[23] In 1968, the start was moved from Market Street to Howard Street and the ascension to Divisadero moved to Hayes Street.[24] In 1983, the course was shortened from 7.51 miles to an official 12K (7.46 miles).[4] The current course turns west along Hayes Street and up Hayes Street Hill near Alamo Square. This is the only major incline in the race. After the hill, the race runs along the panhandle and then west through Golden Gate Park, past the Conservatory of Flowers, all the way to the Great Highway and Ocean Beach. The Great Highway will also host a Finish Line Festival, a postrace recovery and reunion area.

Participants

Bay to Breakers is one of the most popular footraces in the United States. Large numbers of participants walk the route behind the runners, and many dress in costumes, thus lending a party atmosphere to the event. Participants have developed a number of unique, festive practices for the race. One festive tradition is the tortilla toss, during which crowds of runners waiting to cross the start line throw tortillas at one another to pass time (similar to balloon-batting at rock concerts).

Other oddities are always on the scene, including traditional characters such as Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, and Spider-Man, as well as other unique characters spawned for the race. At least 40 pairs of Blues Brothers participated in the 1985 edition.[25] Every year, some runners dressed as salmon run "upstream" from the breakers to the Bay.[26][27]

Centipedes

Bay to Breakers features a special team division called "centipedes". While the founding of the "centipede" is commonly attributed to Dwayne "Peanut" Harms, who was an original member of the first-ever "Pede" and a member of the UC Davis men's track team, ("Aggies"),[4] in 1978, Douglas L. Peck, also a UC Davis runner, founded a special division of the race in which 13 runners are connected as a unit. Peck also ran as "Head Pede," i.e., he was the leader of the centipede.[28] An additional runner, a floater, usually the team captain, is allowed to run along untethered to pace the team or substitute for a drop out runner. Despite the novelty, the centipede race is very competitive. Bay to Breakers is the official site of the World Centipede Running Championships.[4]

Course records

Race organizers and media have reported that the course records set by Sammy Kitwara in 2009 and Lineth Chepkurui in 2010 are also world records at the 12 km distance;[29] however, the International Association of Athletics Federations, the international governing body for the sport of athletics/track and field, does not recognize world records or world bests in either an indoor or outdoor 12 km.[30] The Association of Road Racing Statisticians, a non-regulatory group that collects road running data, does recognize world records in the outdoor 12 km provided that the race course meets certain criteria.[31][32] In order to rule-out the possibility of wind assistance in point-to-point courses, the ARRS stipulates that the course must have "not more than 30% of the race distance separation between that start and finish", or 3.6 km for a 12 km race.[32] Given that the Bay to Breakers is run on a point-to-point course in which the start and finish of the event are approximately 10.5 linear kilometers apart, the ARRS recognizes two other marks as 12 km world records: Kenyan Simon Kigen's 33:46 in Portland, Oregon on May 19, 1985 and Chepkurui's 38:10 at the 2010 Lilac Bloomsday Run.[31]{{#tag:ref|Race records from the Association of Road Racing Statisticians indicate that Joseph Kimani of Kenya also ran a 33:31 at the Arts Fest River Run in Evansville, Indiana in 1997;[33] however, it was also held on a point-to-point course that USATF has noted as "wind dependent" and not "record eligible".[34][35]|group="nb"}}

Individual winners

{{legend2|#A9F5A9| |border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} = Course record
Date Men's Winner Country Time Women's Winner Country Time
January 1, 1912 Bobby Vlught {{USA}} 44:10
January 1, 1913 Bobby Vlught {{USA}} 40:59
January 1, 1914 Oliver Millard {{USA}} 40:46.6
January 1, 1915 Oliver Millard {{USA}} 41:39
January 1, 1916 George Wyckoff {{USA}} 42:33
January 1, 1917 Oliver Millard {{USA}} 41:29.6
January 1, 1918 Edgar Stout {{USA}} 42:41
January 1, 1919 Harry Ludwig {{USA}} 42:45.4
January 1, 1920 William Churchill {{USA}} 40:56.6
January 1, 1921 Charles Hunter {{USA}} 40:27.6
January 1, 1922 William Churchill {{USA}} 42:56
January 1, 1923 William Churchill {{USA}} 41:56
January 1, 1924 William Churchill {{USA}} 41:52
January 1, 1925 Vincenzo Goso {{USA}} 42:59.6
January 1, 1926 Frank Eames {{USA}} 42:13
January 1, 1927 Frank Eames {{USA}} 42:55.8
January 29, 1928 Pietro Giordanengo {{USA}} 43:05
January 27, 1929 Pietro Giodanengo {{USA}} 43:05
February 2, 1930 Manuel John {{USA}} 43:10
February 1, 1931 Jack Keegan {{USA}} 44:28
February 7, 1932 Ray Cocking {{USA}} 43:19
February 5, 1933 Jack Keegan {{USA}} 43:31
January 28, 1934 John Nehi {{USA}} 42:12
March 3, 1935 Leo Karlhofer {{USA}} 43:50.6
March 1, 1936 Joe McCluskey {{USA}} 40:37.2
March 14, 1937 Norm Bright {{USA}} 39:52
March 6, 1938 Ed Preston {{USA}} 41:15
March 12, 1939 Ed Preston {{USA}} 41:14
March 10, 1940 Ed Preston {{USA}} 42:12
March 2, 1941 Frank Lawrence {{USA}} 42:39
March 15, 1942 James Haran {{USA}} 43:53
October 10, 1943 Joseph Wehrly {{USA}} 45:01
April 30, 1944 Fred Kline {{USA}} 43:15
May 6, 1945 Fred Kline {{USA}} 43:25.1
April 7, 1946 Fred Kline {{USA}} 44:28
March 23, 1947 Merle Knox {{USA}} 43:52
April 18, 1948 Fred Kline {{USA}} 44:27
May 1, 1949 Merle Knox {{USA}} 42:58
May 7, 1950 Elwyn Stribling {{USA}} 42:57
May 6, 1951 John Holden {{USA}} 46:09
May 4, 1952 Jim Shettler {{USA}} 45:34
May 3, 1953 Jesse Van Zant {{USA}} 42:05
May 9, 1954 Jesse Van Zant {{USA}} 42:15
April 24, 1955 Jesse Van Zant {{USA}} 43:32
April 29, 1956 Walt Berger {{USA}} 44:56
May 12, 1957 Jesse Van Zant {{USA}} 44:02
May 11, 1958 Wilford King {{USA}} 41:17
May 24, 1959 Wilford King {{USA}} 41:30
May 22, 1960 Don Kelley {{USA}} 41:59.8
May 21, 1961 Jack Marden {{USA}} 41:30
May 20, 1962 Jim Shettler {{USA}} 41:25.3
May 19, 1963 Herman Gene Gurule {{USA}} 40:15.7
May 17, 1964 Jeff Fishback {{USA}} 38:32
May 23, 1965 William Morgan {{USA}} 38:02
May 22, 1966 Eric Brenner {{USA}} 41:10.6 Frances Conley {{USA}} 1:00:7
May 21, 1967 Tom Laris {{USA}} 38:42
May 26, 1968 Kenny Moore {{USA}} 38:15
May 25, 1969 Kenny Moore {{USA}} 38:40 Mary Etta Boitano {{USA}} 1:01:12
May 24, 1970 Kenny Moore {{USA}} 39:29 Joyce Swannack-Gibbs {{USA}} 58:08
May 23, 1971 Kenny Moore {{USA}} 36:57According to race organizers, Frances Conley was the first official female runner in 1971.[36]|group="nb"}} {{USA}} 50:45
May 21, 1972 Kenny Moore {{USA}} 36:39 Cheryl Flanagan {{USA}} 44:47
May 20, 1973 Kenny Moore {{USA}} 37:15 Cheryl Flanagan {{USA}} 45:20
May 19, 1974 Gary Tuttle {{USA}} 37:07 Mary Etta Boitano {{USA}} 43:22
May 18, 1975 Ric Rojas {{USA}} 37:18 Mary Etta Boitano {{USA}} 46:04
May 16, 1976 Chris Wardlaw {{AUS}} 37:28 Mary Etta Boitano {{USA}} 49:20
May 15, 1977 Paul Geis {{USA}} 37:28 Judy Leydig {{USA}} 47:28
May 14, 1978 Gerard Barrett {{AUS}} 35:17.4 Joyce Swannack-Gibbs {{USA}} 47:02
May 20, 1979 Bob Hodge {{USA}} 36:50 Laurie Binder {{USA}} 43:07
May 18, 1980 Craig Virgin {{USA}} 35:11 Laurie Binder {{USA}} 42:20
May 17, 1981 Craig Virgin {{USA}} 35:07 Janice Oehm {{USA}} 41:47
May 16, 1982 Rod Dixon {{NZL}} 35:08 Laurie Binder {{USA}} 42:28
May 15, 1983 Rod Dixon {{NZL}} 35:01.3 Laurie Binder {{USA}} 41:24.7
May 20, 1984 Ibrahim Hussein {{KEN}} 35:11 Nancy Ditz {{USA}} 42:32
May 19, 1985 Ibrahim Hussein {{KEN}} 34:53 Joan Samuelson {{USA}} 39:55
May 18, 1986 Ed Eyestone {{USA}} 34:33 Grete Waitz {{NOR}} 38:45
May 17, 1987 Arturo Barrios {{MEX}} 34:45 Rosa Mota {{POR}} 39:16
May 15, 1988 Arturo Barrios {{MEX}} 34:58 Lisa Ondieki {{AUS}}39:17
May 21, 1989 Arturo Barrios {{MEX}} 34:40 Ingrid Kristiansen {{NOR}} 39:14
May 20, 1990 Arturo Barrios {{MEX}} 34:42 Jill Boltz {{ENG}} 39:19.5
May 19, 1991 Thomas Osano {{KEN}} 33:55 Susan Sirma {{KEN}} 38:27
May 17, 1992 Thomas Osano {{KEN}} 33:57 Lisa Ondieki {{AUS}} 38:36
May 16, 1993 Ismael Kirui {{KEN}} 33:42 Lynn Jennings {{USA}} 39:14
May 15, 1994 Ismael Kirui {{KEN}} 34:03 Tegla Loroupe {{KEN}} 39:10
May 21, 1995 Ismael Kirui {{KEN}} 33:58 Delilah Asiago {{KEN}} 38:23
May 19, 1996 Thomas Osano {{KEN}} 34:35 Elana Meyer {{RSA}} 38:56
May 18, 1997 Joseph Kimani {{KEN}} 33:51 Jane Omoro {{KEN}} 39:56
May 17, 1998 Simon Rono {{KEN}} 33:58 Jane Omoro {{KEN}} 38:57
May 16, 1999 Lazarus Nyakeraka {{KEN}} 34:11 Catherine Ndereba {{KEN}} 38:37
May 21, 2000 Reuben Cheruiyot {{KEN}} 34:54 Colleen De Reuck {{RSA}} 38:42
May 20, 2001 James Koskei {{KEN}} 34:19 Jane Ngotho {{KEN}} 40:35
May 19, 2002 James Koskei {{KEN}} 34:03 Luminiţa Talpoş {{ROM}} 39:15
May 18, 2003 James Koskei {{KEN}} 35:11 Lyudmila Biktasheva {{RUS}} 39:22
May 16, 2004 Benjamin Maiyo {{KEN}} 34:50 Albina Ivanova {{RUS}} 39:56
May 15, 2005 Gilbert Okari {{KEN}} 34:20 Asmae Leghzaoui {{MAR}} 38:22
May 21, 2006 Gilbert Okari {{KEN}} 34:20 Tatyana Hladyr {{UKR}} 39:09
May 20, 2007 John Korir {{KEN}} 34:44 Edna Kiplagat {{KEN}} 38:55
May 18, 2008 John Korir {{KEN}} 34:24 Lineth Chepkurui {{KEN}} 39:22
May 17, 2009 Sammy Kitwara {{KEN}}33:31 Teyba Erkesso {{ETH}} 38:29
May 16, 2010 Sammy Kitwara {{KEN}} 34:15 Lineth Chepkurui {{KEN}}38:07
May 15, 2011 Ridouane Harroufi {{MAR}} 34:26 Lineth Chepkurui {{KEN}} 39:12
May 20, 2012 Sammy Kitwara {{KEN}} 34:41 Mamitu Daska {{ETH}} 39:03
May 19, 2013 Tolossa Gedefa {{ETH}} 35:01 Diane Nukuri-Johnson {{BDI}} 40:12
May 18, 2014 Geoffrey Kenisi {{KEN}} 35:06 Diane Nukuri-Johnson {{BDI}} 40:15
May 17, 2015 Isaac Mukundi Mwangi {{KEN}} 35:25 Jane Kibii {{KEN}} 40:04
May 15, 2016 Isaac Mukundi Mwangi {{KEN}} 35:23 Caroline Chepkoech {{KEN}} 40:36
May 21, 2017 Philemon Cheboi {{KEN}} 34:48 Buze Diriba {{ETH}} 39:48
May 20, 2018 Philemon Cheboi {{KEN}} 35:41 Jane Kibii {{KEN}} 40:27

Centipede winners

{{legend2|#A9F5A9| |border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} = Course record
Date Men's Centipede Winner Country Time Women's Centipede Winner Country Time
May 20, 1990 Reebok Aggies USA 37:39 Reebok Aggies USA 47:36
May 18, 2008 ASICS Aggies Men USA 38:05 ASICS Aggies Women USA 47:47
May 17, 2009 ASICS Aggies Men USA 40:27 ASICS Aggies Women USA 50:51
May 16, 2010 LinkedIn Centipede USA 37:58 ASICS Aggies Women USA 48:44
May 15, 2011 LinkedIn Centipede USA 37:00 ASICS Aggies Women USA 49:06
May 20, 2012 Team LinkedIn USA36:44 Impala Racing Team USA46:37
May 19, 2013 ASICS Aggies Centipede Men USA 40:03 ASICS Aggies Centipede Women USA 48:17
May 18, 2014 ASICS Aggies Centipede Men USA 40:19 ASICS Aggies Centipede Women USA 47:59

See also

{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area}}
  • List of annual foot races in California

Notes

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/race_information/generalinformation.html | title=General Information | publisher=ING Bay to Breakers | year=2006 | accessdate=September 9, 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070825130225/http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/race_information/generalinformation.html |archivedate = August 25, 2007}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://cbs5.com/local/runners.Bay.to.2.1696973.html |title=SF Bay To Breakers Run 'Relatively Peaceful' |publisher=cbs5.com |date=May 17, 2009 |accessdate=May 17, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519124417/http://cbs5.com/local/runners.Bay.to.2.1696973.html |archivedate=May 19, 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}
3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.atrailrunnersblog.com/2012/05/naked-fun-of-2012-bay-to-breakers.html | title=The Naked Fun of the 2012 Bay to Breakers | work=A Trail Runner's Blog | date=May 20, 2012 | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | author=Dunlap, Scott}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url=http://zazzlebaytobreakers.com/index.php?page=facts-figures-noteworthy-years | title=Noteworthy Years in Race History | publisher=Zazzle Bay to Breakers | accessdate=October 21, 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/12/26/10/run-pasig-certified-worlds-largest-race | title='Run for Pasig' certified world's largest race | publisher=ABS-CBN Interactive | work=abs-cbnNEWS.com | date=December 27, 2010 | accessdate=October 21, 2012}}
6. ^{{cite news|last1=Allday|first1=Erin|last2=Swan|first2=Rachel|title=Security quickly takes charge at annual Bay to Breakers bedlam|url=http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/They-re-off-The-annual-Bay-to-bedlam-gets-6269001.php|accessdate=19 May 2015|publisher=SF Gate|date=May 18, 2015}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=About Zappos.com Bay to Breakers: History|url=http://zapposbaytobreakers.com/history/|website=zapposbaytobreakers.com|publisher=Zappos.com Bay to Breakers|accessdate=12 March 2015}}
8. ^{{cite web|author=Ron Filion |url=http://www.sfgenealogy.com/sf/history/hgoe73.htm |title=San Francisco History – Cross-City Race 1912 |publisher=Sfgenealogy.com |accessdate=May 17, 2010}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/content.php?section=race_information&page=history |title=Race History |publisher=ING Bay To Breakers |accessdate=May 17, 2010}}
10. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.arrs.run/HP_BtB12.htm | title=Bay to Breakers 12 km | publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians | date=May 22, 2012 | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | author=Post, Marty | author2=Wallach, Len | author3=Knight, Tom | author4=Leydig, Jack}}
11. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.active.com/running/Articles/Bay_to_Breakers__Out_of_the_ashes_a_famous_race_is_born.htm | title=Bay to Breakers: Out of the Ashes a Famous Race is Born | publisher=Active Network, Inc. | work=Active.com | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | author=Harrar, Katie | quote=The Cross City Race was renamed Bay to Breakers in 1963}}
12. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/pdfs/Race%20Results%20Release.pdf | title=Race Results | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090530025507/http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/pdfs/Race%20Results%20Release.pdf | archivedate=May 30, 2009}}
13. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/02/11/MN5J15SA27.DTL | title=Beer, Nudity Banned in Bay to Breakers | publisher=San Francisco Chronicle | work=SFGate | date=February 12, 2009 | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | author=Knight, Heather}}
14. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.sfexaminer.com/local/Officials-look-to-put-a-stop-to-Bay-to-Breakers-shenanigans-39453202.html | title=SF Examiner: Bay to Breakers Jumps on Wagon | work=The San Francisco Examiner | date=February 12, 2009 | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318063714/http://www.sfexaminer.com/local/Officials-look-to-put-a-stop-to-Bay-to-Breakers-shenanigans-39453202.html | author=Sabatini, Joshua | archivedate=March 18, 2009}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=Sponsor ING drops Bay to Breakers|url=http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/matier-ross/article/Sponsor-ING-drops-Bay-to-Breakers-3187604.php|website=SFGate|accessdate=9 May 2016}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=Zazzle Named Title Sponsor For Bay To Breakers|url=http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2011/03/18/zazzle-named-title-sponsor-for-bay-to-breakers/|website=CBS Bay Area|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
17. ^{{cite web|last1=Dalton|first1=Andrew|title=Craigslist Announces Bay To Breakers Sponsorship|url=http://sfist.com/2013/04/03/craigslist_announces_bay_to_breaker.php|website=SFist|accessdate=12 May 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201165442/http://sfist.com/2013/04/03/craigslist_announces_bay_to_breaker.php|archivedate=February 1, 2016|df=mdy-all}}
18. ^{{cite web|title=ZOZI Signs On As A Key Sponsor of 2014 Bay to Breakers Race|url=http://www.zapposbaytobreakers.com/zozi/|accessdate=11 Nov 2015}}
19. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2014/02/prweb11577071.htm | title=Under Armour Partners with Bay to Breakers As the Official Performance Apparel and Footwear Provider | publisher=PRWeb | work=PRWeb | date=February 12, 2014 | accessdate=March 11, 2014 | author=Wendell, Erin}}
20. ^{{cite web|last1=Cook|first1=Catherine|title=Zappos.com Signs on as Title Sponsor of San Francisco’s Iconic Bay to Breakers Race|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/18/ca-zappos-idUSnBw185285a+100+BSW20150218|website=reuters.com|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=11 March 2015}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.usatf.org/events/courses/maps/showMap.asp?courseID=CA07007TK |title=Certified Course Map |publisher=USATF |accessdate=2012-10-21}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.usatf.org/events/courses/search/key.asp |title=Course Number |publisher=Usatf.org |accessdate=2012-10-21}}
23. ^{{cite web|author=Ron Filion |url=http://www.sfgenealogy.com/sf/history/hgoe73.htm |title=San Francisco History – Cross-City Race 1912 |publisher=Sfgenealogy.com |accessdate=May 17, 2010}}
24. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/content.php?section=other&page=chip | title=Timing Tag Centennial Collection | publisher=ING Bay To Breakers | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425045123/http://www.ingbaytobreakers.com/content.php?section=other&page=chip | archivedate=April 25, 2009}}
25. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.csmonitor.com/1985/0522/pbreak.html | title=Bay-to-Breakers race a time for celebrating fun aspect of sports | newspaper=The Christian Science Monitor | date=May 22, 1985 | accessdate=February 2, 2011 | last=Wason | first=Tim | location=Boston | page=18}}
26. ^{{cite journal |last=Friedman |first=Steve |author2=Erin Strout |date=January 2006|title=King of the Stunt Runners |journal=Runner's World |volume=41 |series= |issue=1 |page=106 |at= |chapter= |publisher=Rodale |editor1-first= |editor1-last= |editor1-link= |id= |isbn= |issn=0897-1706 |oclc= |pmid= |pmc= |bibcode= |accessdate=January 19, 2011 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=csgDAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA106#v=onepage&q&f=false |laysource= |laysummary= |laydate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript= }}
27. ^{{cite web |url=http://sf.cacophony.org/salmon/index.shtml |title=Spawn! Home of the Breakers Bo Bay "Upstream" Salmon |author=The San Francisco Cacophony Society |publisher=The San Francisco Cacophony Society |location=San Francisco |at= |trans-title=|accessdate=January 19, 2011 |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028235619/http://sf.cacophony.org/salmon/index.shtml |archivedate=October 28, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}
28. ^{{cite news | title=Grads find success through antennae. | work=Record-Courier (Gardnerville, Nev.) | date=8 Aug 1991 | author=Supersano, Melanie}}
29. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.sfexaminer.com/local/ing-bay-breakers-women-s-world-record-broken-kitwara-wins-second-straight-men | title=ING Bay to Breakers: Women’s world record broken; Kitwara wins second straight for men | publisher=San Francisco Examiner | date=May 16, 2010 | accessdate=October 21, 2012 | author=Aldax, Mike | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022014926/http://www.sfexaminer.com/local/ing-bay-breakers-women-s-world-record-broken-kitwara-wins-second-straight-men | archivedate=October 22, 2012 | df=mdy-all }}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/records/inout=O/index.html |title=Records |publisher=iaaf.org |date=2007-08-25 |accessdate=2012-10-21}}
31. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://www.arrs.run/WG_Rec_ENG.htm | title=Working Group on Road Records | publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians | date=June 12, 2012 | accessdate=October 21, 2012}}
32. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://www.arrs.run/rules.php | title=Rules for record-keeping | publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians | accessdate=May 17, 2010}}
33. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.arrs.run/HP_ArF12.htm | title=Arts Fest River Run 12 km | publisher=Association of Road Racing Statisticians | date=January 17, 2006 | accessdate=October 21, 2012}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.usatf.org/events/courses/maps/showMap.asp?courseID=IN00010MW |title=Certified Course Map |publisher=USATF |accessdate=2012-10-21}}
35. ^http://www.usatf.org/events/courses/search/searchResults.asp?courseStatus=A&courseType=R&state=IN
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://ingbaytobreakers.com/index.php?page=course-records |title=Course Records |publisher=ING Bay To Breakers |accessdate=May 17, 2010}}

References

External links

{{Commons category|Bay to Breakers}}

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eW3OJUem7eM


  • Bay to Breakers website Official Site
  • Bay to Breakers Crowd Photos Thousands of photos taken by the racers
  • [https://www.arrs.run/HP_BtB12.htm Full list of winners] from Association of Road Racing Statisticians
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080408122428/http://www.mileopede.org/ Bay to Breakers Mile-O-Pede] Bay to Breakers longest centipede attempt of 2006.
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080905145137/http://www.metrowize.com/video/bay-to-breakers-2008-video Video from 2008]
  • Video from 2009
{{Anschutz}}{{San Francisco Attractions}}

13 : Clothing-optional events|Culture of San Francisco|Festivals in the San Francisco Bay Area|Foot races in California|Long-distance running competitions|Sports competitions in San Francisco|Recurring sporting events established in 1912|1912 establishments in California|Road running competitions in the United States|Annual sporting events in the United States|Annual events in California|Events in San Francisco|Spring (season) events in the United States
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