| 词条 | Benjamín Arellano Félix |
| 释义 |
| name = Benjamín Arellano Félix | image_name = Benjamin Arrellano-Felix.jpg | image_size = 150px | image_alt = | image_caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1952|03|12}}[1] | birth_place = Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico | death_date = | death_place = | cause = | alias = El Min | motive = | charge = Drug trafficking, money laundering, murder | conviction = | conviction_penalty = 25 years in a US federal prison | conviction_status = Arrested in March, 2002, due to be out by March, 2027 | occupation = Tijuana Cartel leader | spouse = | parents = | children = }}Benjamín Arellano Félix (born 12 March 1952[1]) is a Mexican drug trafficker and former leader of the Mexican criminal organization known as the Tijuana Cartel or "Arellano-Félix Organization".[2] BiographyBenjamín Arellano Félix, who worked closely with his brothers, was one of Mexico's most powerful drug lords and the supplier of one-third of the U.S.'s cocaine.[2] Benjamín had six brothers:{{citation needed|date=February 2012}}
He also has four sisters. Two of them, Alicia and Enedina, are most active in the cartel's affairs.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} Benjamín was first arrested on 18 June 1982, in Downey, California, for receiving 100 kilos of cocaine smuggled through the San Ysidro border. However, he escaped custody.[4] The Arellano Félix brothers obtained their first big break in 1989, when they inherited the organization from Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, after they showed early promise smuggling consumer electronics over the U.S.–Mexico border.[2] By 1998, the Arellano brothers had been indicted in the U.S. for drug trafficking, and Ramón had been put on the FBI's 10 Most Wanted list.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} Despite the brothers' audacity, they remained untouchable for 13 years. This was accomplished, in part, with large amounts of cash bribes to Mexican politicians and police commanders, at the cost of an estimated US$1 million per week.[2][5] Benjamín Arellano tried to clear his name after the 1993 murder of Cardinal Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo, in which he had been implicated. That high-profile assassination brought international attention to his trafficking organization and, although this forced Benjamín to lie low and adopt false names, he continued to live in casual confidence, apparently unafraid of capture.[2] Another of Benjamin's brothers, Francisco, was arrested soon afterward on drug charges, and Benjamín, Ramón, and Javier officially became fugitives.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} Kingpin Act sanctionOn 1 June 2000, the United States Department of the Treasury sanctioned Benjamín under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (sometimes referred to simply as the "Kingpin Act"), for his involvement in drug trafficking, along with eleven other international criminals.[6] The act prohibited U.S. citizens and companies from doing any kind of business activity with him, and virtually froze all his assets in the U.S.[7] ArrestThe U.S. DEA learned that Benjamín's oldest daughter had a very recognizable and rare facial deformity, and that she was the "soft spot" in her father's violent life. By tracing her, they found her father.[5] Benjamin was arrested on 9 March 2002 by the Mexican Army in the state of Puebla, Mexico.[8] He had a US$2 million bounty for his arrest.[5] Authorities are not sure where Benjamin's money went, beyond some real estate investments in Tijuana. Mexican officials say it has been invested in U.S. real estate, while their U.S. counterparts say much of it is hidden in cash in Mexico. Benjamin was extradited to the United States in 29 April 2011 to face charges of trafficking cocaine into California.[9] On January 4, 2012 he pleaded guilty to racketeering and conspiracy to launder money, and was sentenced to 25 years in jail on 2 April 2012.[10][11] Some objects that were confiscated from him during his arrests are on display at the Museo del Enervante in Mexico City.[12] He is currently incarcerated at United States Penitentiary, Canaan [13] In popular cultureIn the 2017 Netflix and Univision series, El Chapo, Carlos Hernán Romo plays Benjamín Avendaño (a fictionalized portrayal of Benjamín Arellano Félix). He was portrayed by Alfonso Dosal in the 2018 Netflix series Mexico. See also
References1. ^1 [https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2000/12/04/00-30693/blocked-persons-specially-designated-nationals-specially-designated-terrorists-foreign-terrorist Blocked Persons, Specially Designated Nationals, Specially Designated Terrorists, Foreign Terrorist Organizations, and Specially Designated Narcotics Traffickers: Additional Designations and Removals and Supplementary Information on Specially Designated Narcotics Traffickers, Foreign Terrorist Organizations.] Department of the Treasury. Foreign Assets Control Office. Federal Register. 4 December 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2012. 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news | author1 = Julian Borger |author2=Jo Tuckman | title = Blood brothers | date = 15 March 2002 | publisher = Cocaine.org | url = http://www.cocaine.org/crime/index.html | work = The Guardian | accessdate = 2010-10-01}} 3. ^{{cite news |last=Alexander |first=Harriet |title=Francisco Rafael Arellano Felix: Head of Tijuana Cartel shot dead by clown gunmen |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/mexico/10392239/Francisco-Rafael-Arellano-Felix-Head-of-Tijuana-Cartel-shot-dead-by-clown-gunmen.html |accessdate=20 October 2013 |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |date=20 October 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6KW5YfR3K?url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/mexico/10392239/Francisco-Rafael-Arellano-Felix-Head-of-Tijuana-Cartel-shot-dead-by-clown-gunmen.html |archivedate=20 October 2013 |deadurl=no |df= }} 4. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/business/afo/afomembers.html|title=The Business – Arellano-Felix Cartel – Drug Wars |work= Frontline |publisher=PBS|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113141137/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/business/afo/afomembers.html|archivedate=2012-11-13|df=}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite news |url= http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/story?id=128536 |title= How Officials Jolted a Cocaine Cartel |publisher= ABC News |work= Nightline |date= September 28, 2002}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=DESIGNATIONS PURSUANT TO THE FOREIGN NARCOTICS KINGPIN DESIGNATION ACT |url=http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/narco_designations_kingpin.pdf |website=United States Department of the Treasury |accessdate=28 May 2014 |page=1 |date=15 May 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514025153/http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/narco_designations_kingpin.pdf |archivedate=14 May 2013 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|title=An overview of the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act|url=http://www.assetsearchblog.com/uploads/file/drugs.pdf|publisher=United States Department of the Treasury|accessdate=28 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528053616/http://www.assetsearchblog.com/uploads/file/drugs.pdf|archivedate=28 May 2014|page=1|date=2009}} 8. ^{{cite web | title = DEA CONFIRMS CAPTURE OF BENJAMIN ARELLANO-FELIX | date = March 9, 2002 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pubs/pressrel/pr030902.html | website = U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration | accessdate = 2010-10-01}} 9. ^{{cite news | author = Fieser, Ezra | title = Mexico home to record 1,400 drug-related deaths in April | date = 4 May 2011 | url = http://infosurhoy.com/cocoon/saii/xhtml/en_GB/features/saii/features/main/2011/05/04/feature-01 | work = Infosur Hoy | accessdate = 2011-05-27 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110605150534/http://infosurhoy.com/cocoon/saii/xhtml/en_GB/features/saii/features/main/2011/05/04/feature-01 | archivedate = 5 June 2011 | df = }} 10. ^{{cite news | author = Gilani, Nadia| title = Mexican drug lord who smuggled tons of cocaine into the U.S. and dissolved enemies in vats of caustic soda gets 25 years in jail in plea bargain | date = 5 January 2012 | url = http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2082768/Mexican-drug-lord-smuggled-tons-cocaine-U-S-dissolved-enemies-vats-caustic-soda-plea-bargains-25-years-jail.html | work = Mail Online | accessdate = 2012-01-06}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatches/globalpost-blogs/que-pasa/which-cartel-king-mexico|title=Which cartel is king in Mexico?|website=globalpost.com}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/america/2010/01/08/mexico/1262945431.html|title=El museo del narco mexicano|author=Unidad Editorial|work=El Mundo}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Federal Bureau of Prisons inmate locator ID:00678-748|url=http://www.bop.gov/iloc2/InmateFinderServlet?Transaction=IDSearch&needingMoreList=false&IDType=IRN&IDNumber=00678-748&x=102&y=4|publisher=US Department of Justice|accessdate=29 July 2018}} External links
10 : Mexican drug traffickers|Mexican mob bosses|Tijuana Cartel traffickers|Mexican people imprisoned abroad|Living people|1952 births|People extradited from Mexico to the United States|Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government|People from Culiacán|People sanctioned under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act |
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