| 词条 | Beringovsky (inhabited locality) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|en_name=Beringovsky |ru_name=Беринговский |other_name=Гачгатагын |other_lang=Chukchi |image_skyline=Beringovsky.jpg |image_caption=Aerial winter view of Beringovsky |coordinates = {{coord|63|02|59|N|179|18|36|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_flag |flag_caption |image_coa |coa_caption |anthem |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |federal_subject=Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |federal_subject_ref=[1] |adm_data_as_of=June 2012 |adm_district_jur=Anadyrsky District |adm_district_jur_ref=[1] |inhabloc_cat=Urban-type settlement |inhabloc_cat_ref=[1] |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=April 2011 |mun_district_jur=Anadyrsky Municipal District |mun_district_jur_ref=[4] |urban_settlement_jur=Beringovsky Urban Settlement |urban_settlement_jur_ref=[4] |mun_admctr_of=Beringovsky Urban Settlement |mun_admctr_of_ref=[4] |leader_title |leader_title_ref |leader_name |leader_name_ref |representative_body |representative_body_ref |area_of_what |area_as_of |area_km2 |area_km2_ref |pop_2010census=1401 |pop_2010census_ref=[7] |pop_latest=755 |pop_latest_date=January 2017 |pop_latest_ref=[8] |established_date= |established_title |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date |current_cat_date_ref |prev_name1=Ugolny |prev_name1_date=1944 |prev_name1_ref=[9] |prev_name2=Beringovsky |prev_name2_date=1966 |prev_name2_ref=[9] |prev_name3=Nagorny |prev_name3_date=1975 |prev_name3_ref=[9] |prev_name4 |prev_name4_date |prev_name4_ref |postal_codes=689100 |dialing_codes= |dialing_codes_ref= |website= |website_ref |commonscat= |date=September 2014 }}Beringovsky ({{lang-ru|Бе́ринговский}}; Chukchi: {{lang|ckt|Гачгатагын}}) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Anadyrsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, and a port on the Bering Sea. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,401.[1] HistoryIn 1826, Ugolnaya Bay (lit. coal bay), upon which Beringovsky stands, was first entered by the Russian sloop Senyavin commanded by Fyodor Litke on a mission to map and explore the coast of the Bering Sea.[2] In 1886, an expedition led by Captain A. A. Ostolopov on the clipper Strelok discovered thick layers of coal here.[2] This coal was later used to power the visiting vessels and is the reason why the bay is so named.[2] Geological studies for industrial development of this field began in 1933–1934 by the All-Union Arctic Institute, followed by and exploratory expedition by the Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route (Glavsevmorput). Following the discovery of coal, the first settlement was established here to serve the new Bukhtugol mine.[2] In April 1957, Beringovsky District was created within Chukotka National Okrug with the administrative center in the settlement of Ugolny.[2] Due to the establishment of Beringovsky District, Ugolny was renamed Beringovsky in 1966.[2] In 1975, the settlement was moved to a place called Nagorny, which was then renamed Beringovsky to provide continuity for the administrative center.[2] In the late 1990s, Beringovsky had a population of around 3,000 when all heating, water and electricity failed, creating an extremely serious situation in such a remote location.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} This problem was then further exacerbated by then-Governor Nazarov banning all outside reporters and researchers, both from Moscow and abroad from visiting the area as well as censoring outgoing mail and telegrams from the community.[3] Following this incident, sources report that by 2002, under a program of resettlement designed by Roman Abramovich and run by Regionstroy—a private company established by the Okrug administration—nearly the whole of the population of Beringovsky had been resettled by late 2002.[4] However, this does not seem to tally with the official census results for 2002. Thompson estimates the population of Beringovsky in the late 1990s as being around 3,000;[4] however, 2002 Census results give a population of just under 2,000.[23] Further confusion is added as Thompson specifically refers to Beringovsky as being "in the process of official liquidation".[4] However, to date Beringovsky has neither been liquidated nor is it in the process of liquidation and is included in all the relevant legal documentation as an extant settlement on both municipal[5] and administrative[6] levels. Administrative and municipal statusWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Beringovsky is directly subordinated to Anadyrsky District.[6] As a municipal division, the urban-type settlement of Beringovsky is incorporated within Anadyrsky Municipal District as Beringovsky Urban Settlement.[5] EconomyThe economy of the settlement has traditionally been dominated by coal mining[4] and the majority of the current residents are involved either in the mining itself or the administrative side of the mining business.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} As a result of this,{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} the indigenous proportion of the population is comparatively low compared to other settlements in the autonomous okrug, numbering around 350 as of 2006.[2] TransportationBeringovsky has got the {{Interlanguage link multi|Beringovsky Airport|ru|3=Беринговский (аэропорт)}}. There is a sea port at Beringovsky, mainly used for the coal mined. Beringovsky is not connected to any other inhabited locality by permanent roads.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} Demographics
CultureLike Uelen to the northeast, Beringovsky is well known as being a center for indigenous art, particularly whale bone carving.[2] The Bering dialect of the Aleut language is not directly connected with this settlement, though both the dialect's and the settlement's name are derived from Vitus Bering. ClimateBeringovsky has a tundra climate (Köppen ET) with very cold, long winters and short, cool and damp summers. {{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line=yes |location= Beringovsky (1959–2012) |Jan record high C= 0.4 |Feb record high C= 1.9 |Mar record high C= 5.3 |Apr record high C= 4.6 |May record high C=10.7 |Jun record high C=22.8 |Jul record high C=27.4 |Aug record high C=27.5 |Sep record high C=17.2 |Oct record high C= 9.4 |Nov record high C= 5.4 |Dec record high C=10.3 |Jan high C= -13.0 |Feb high C= -14.6 |Mar high C= -13.3 |Apr high C= -7.4 |May high C= 0.9 |Jun high C= 9.0 |Jul high C= 13.5 |Aug high C= 12.3 |Sep high C= 7.1 |Oct high C= -0.6 |Nov high C= -6.8 |Dec high C= -11.1 |year high C= -2.0 |Jan mean C = -16.0 |Feb mean C = -17.5 |Mar mean C = -16.2 |Apr mean C = -10.5 |May mean C = -1.6 |Jun mean C = 5.3 |Jul mean C = 9.4 |Aug mean C = 9.0 |Sep mean C = 4.6 |Oct mean C = -3.1 |Nov mean C = -9.6 |Dec mean C = -14.1 |year mean C = -5.0 |Jan low C= -18.9 |Feb low C= -20.4 |Mar low C= -18.9 |Apr low C= -13.3 |May low C= -3.6 |Jun low C= 2.5 |Jul low C= 6.6 |Aug low C= 6.7 |Sep low C= 2.4 |Oct low C= -5.4 |Nov low C=-12.5 |Dec low C=-17.2 |year low C= -7.7 |Jan record low C=-36.6 |Feb record low C=-43.5 |Mar record low C=-36.5 |Apr record low C=-31.5 |May record low C=-22.1 |Jun record low C= -5.1 |Jul record low C= 0.0 |Aug record low C= -1.7 |Sep record low C= -9.0 |Oct record low C= -20.5 |Nov record low C= -29.0 |Dec record low C= -35.2 |Jan precipitation mm= 47.3 |Feb precipitation mm= 32.8 |Mar precipitation mm= 27.1 |Apr precipitation mm= 25.2 |May precipitation mm= 25.4 |Jun precipitation mm= 25.0 |Jul precipitation mm= 41.6 |Aug precipitation mm= 69.2 |Sep precipitation mm= 55.2 |Oct precipitation mm= 54.1 |Nov precipitation mm= 62.8 |Dec precipitation mm= 62.8 |source 1 = climatebase.ru }} See also
ReferencesNotes1. ^1 2 {{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fute, p. 96 3. ^Thompson, Administrative Resettlement and the Pursuit of Economy: The Case of Chukotka, p. 281 4. ^1 2 3 Thompson, Migration and Resettlement in Chukotka: A Research Note, pp. 73–81 5. ^1 2 3 4 Law #148-OZ 6. ^1 2 3 4 Directive #517-rp 7. ^Перепись населения СССР 1970 года 1970 Census of the Soviet Union {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323124558/http://www.webgeo.ru/db/1970/rus-dalv.htm |date=March 23, 2012 }} 8. ^{{ru-pop-ref|1979Census}} 9. ^{{ru-pop-ref|1989Census}} 10. ^1 {{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}} 11. ^Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2014 года {{ru icon}} 12. ^Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2015 года {{ru icon}} 13. ^Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2016 года {{ru icon}} 14. ^1 Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Численность населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2017 года {{ru icon}} Sources
External links
1 : Urban-type settlements in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |
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